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FOR MORE INFORMATION Castella J.C. et al. (2011) Evolving relations between agriculture and forest in Viengkham District, Luang Prabang Province. Lao Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 23: 61-89. Subsequent rounds During the second round, the future land use is planned from the initial land cover. The eight red card players (i.e. village representatives) return their cards and discover that they now belong to one of four different farmer types. This is to take into account the differences in household types within villages as described by Castella et al. (2011): • A type households comprise those farmers whose subsistence depends on upland crops under shifting cultivation and NTFP collection. • B type households are those able to accumulate rice surpluses and invest in livestock. • C type households are those having reached a higher level of capital accumulation and invested in tree plantations of teak or rubber. • D type households are those involved in off-farm activities. • The composition of the player group is as follows: The players realise that land use changes do not have the same effect on different household types. During the next PLUP iterations each player makes decisions in order to increase the income of his/her household type. Before each round, tracing paper is put over the game board so that the players are able to design their own land use plans. A negotiation process then begins. All the players try to plan the land use that will best match their individual goals. The calculation of the impact of the land use plan on individual and collective wealth, and landscape values in terms of biodiversity and carbon is made using the Excel spreadsheets. The facilitation team helps the players to analyse the impact of their zoning decisions. Once the socio-economic and environmental impact of a scenario is computed, each player is asked to choose and pin on one of the three satisfaction-level badges indicating how well the scenario fits with their strategy. These badges are coloured green for a good fit, yellow for a moderate fit and red for a poor fit. This gives all the players an idea about the general level of satisfaction. Depending on their role, players are encouraged to plan for the benefit of the whole community and not just in their own interests. The negotiation process ends once all participants are satisfied and a consensual land-use plan is reached. Category Sub-category Main goal Number Village representatives Farmer practicing only shifting cultivation (type A) To increase their income 2 Farmer with large ruminants (type B) 2 Farmer who invested into plantation (type C) 2 Farmers with off-farm activities as a main source of income (type D) 2 Environmental management officials To increase biodiversity and the carbon biomass of the village 2 District economic officials To increase the total income of the village 2
Livestock income per animal SIMULATION BOARD HECTARES OF LAND USES Enviromental RETURN AN EXAMPLE OF THE ITERATIVE LAND USE PLANS REACHED IN HOUAYTHONG VILLAGE IN 2011 Scenario exploration When all players are satisfied with the final plan, they are asked to react to different scenarios. The aim is to emphasise the fact that external factors can affect a land use plan. The players need to balance the positive and negative impacts of any external events on the village landscape and be prepared to adapt their land-use plan if they wish. The scenarios proposed are as follows: 1. A facilitator plays the role of a foreign investor planning to request a land concession of 20 ha for a rubber plantation for an annual payment of 100,000 kip/ ha from the village. TOOLBOX 3 ‘PLUP Fiction’ role play 2. Villagers receive payments for carbon credits under a Livestock carrying capacity Labour carrying capacity REDD+ mechanism. For each ha of conservation forest 1,000,000 kip are paid annually to the village. Livestock RETURN Agriculture/NTFPs RETURN Agriculture/NTFPs income per hectare The whole group then engage in a discussion of these scenarios based on their land use planning experience gained from the previous rounds. They can easily assess the opportunity costs of the existing land uses and compare these with the options proposed. VILLAGE INCOME RETURN ON LABOUR Off farm RETURN A B C D 55
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HANDBOOK PARTICIPATORY LAND USE PLA
Page 3 and 4:
FOREWORD At the end of 2009, a manu
Page 5 and 6: Participatory Land Use Planning HAN
Page 7 and 8: MORNING Team Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day
Page 9: Land zoning and management plan to
Page 12 and 13: Characterizing the 3. village land
Page 14 and 15: Engaging local communities 4. in PL
Page 16 and 17: Engaging local communities 4. in PL
Page 18 and 19: Three dimensional (3D) 5. model con
Page 20 and 21: Three dimensional (3D) 5. model con
Page 22 and 23: 7. Land zoning 7.1 The art of land
Page 24 and 25: 7. Land zoning During the zoning pr
Page 26 and 27: 8. Village action plan 8.1 What is
Page 28 and 29: Preparation of 9. the PLUP agreemen
Page 30 and 31: Preparation of 9. the PLUP agreemen
Page 32 and 33: Data compilation, 11. synthesis and
Page 38 and 39: Proposal for communal 12 . land reg
Page 40 and 41: 13. PLUP Monitoring Monitoring is a
Page 42 and 43: Conclusion In this Handbook as in t
Page 44 and 45: Participatory Land Use Planning (PL
Page 46 and 47: Per diem for district 2. staff and
Page 48 and 49: Participatory Land Use Planning TOO
Page 50 and 51: 2. To complete the “description o
Page 52 and 53: 2. To complete the “description o
Page 54 and 55: 3. ‘PLUP Fiction’ role play ‘
Page 58 and 59: Participatory Land Use Planning TOO
Page 60 and 61: Drawing the contour lines 2. on the
Page 62 and 63: 5. Scenario analyses with Excel spr
Page 65 and 66: Important point The calculated numb
Page 67 and 68: 1. Getting started Organizing spati
Page 69 and 70: 2. Creating the master map Visualiz
Page 71 and 72: Example In the picture below, the l
Page 73 and 74: Important point The photo need to b
Page 75 and 76: 4. Create the polygon of the villag
Page 77 and 78: Creating zones 5. for land use plan
Page 79 and 80: Tip Sometimes, unwanted artefacts a
Page 81: Important point $area gives a resul
Page 84 and 85: THE LAND 6. USE MAPS Map layers pre
Page 86 and 87: THE LAND 6. USE MAPS Export the ima
Page 88 and 89: 7. QGIS for P3DM How to extract con
Page 90 and 91: 7. Synthesising PLUP knowledge in a
Page 92 and 93: 1. Entering data 1.3 Importing data
Page 94 and 95: 2. Producing a monograph 6. Add the
Page 96 and 97: 2. Producing a monograph 8. Add a p
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