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94 Truex, Rory (2010). “Corruption, Attitudes, and Education: Survey Evidence from Nepal,” World Development, 39(7). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2011a). 2010 Afghanistan Cannabis Survey, June 2011. Available at: http://www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/ Afghanistan/Afghanistan_Cannabis_Survey_ Report_2010_smallwcover.pdf. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2009). “Nepal: Trafficked Women Make a Difference.” Available at: http:// www.unodc.org/southasia//frontpage/2009/November/ trafficked-women-make-a-difference.html. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2011b). World Drug Report 2011. Available at: http://www.unodc.org/ documents/data-and-analysis/WDR2011/World_Drug_ Report_2011_ebook.pdf. United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator’s Office Nepal (December 2012). Monthly Bullets – December 2012. Available at: http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/ files/resources/Nepal%20Monthly%20Update%20-%20 December%202012.pdf. Winkler, Daniel (2008). “The Mushrooming Fungi Market in Tibet Exemplified by Cordyceps Sinensis and Tricholoma Matsutake,” Journal of the International Association of Tibetan Studies, 4, December 2008. Worthen, Miranda (2011). “Sex Trafficking or Sex Work? Conceptions of Trafficking among Anti-Trafficking Organizations in Nepal,” Refugee Survey Quarterly, 30(3). News Articles Adhikari, Ankit (2012). “Nepal Could Be Hub for Drug Trafficking, Police Warn,” Kathmandu Post, March 10, 2012. Ahmed, Farzand (2000). “Wake-Up Call,” India Today, June 19, 2000. Aziz, Maha Mosain (2012).“Can Nepal’s Republic Be Saved?” Bloomberg Businessweek. December 21, 2012. Bahadur K. C., Chitra, “Nepal: China stands in favor of our national independence, sovereignty,” Telegraph Nepal, August 28, 2012 Bhusal, Ramesh Prasad (2011). “Deforestation Probe Puts 100 Up a Tree,” Himalayan Times, February 24, 2011. Biddle, Jo (2012). “US Strikes Nepal Maoists from Terror Blacklist,” Agence France-Presse, September 6, 2012. “BIPPA Should Be Corrected as It Is Not in National Interest: Narayan Kaji,” NepalNews.com, July 23, 2012. “Calling the Shots: Chinese Influence in Nepal’s Grows,” The Economist, March 17, 2012. “Constitutional Crisis in Nepal.” The Economist. November 17, 2012. “Dangerous Hands: Gangsters in Nepal,” Kathmandu Post, April 04, 2012. “Dawood’s shadow lies over Nepal,” Times of India, February 9, 2010. Available at: http://articles.timesofindia. indiatimes.com/2010-02-09/south-asia/28138689_1_ fake-indian-currency-yunus-ansari-jamim-shah. “Extrajudicial Killings in Madhes,” The Himalayan, July 6, 2012. Ghose, Dipankar (2011). “Nepal film producer arrested for running stolen car racket,” Indian Express, December 3, 2011. Available at: http://www.indianexpress.com/news/ nepal-film-producer-arrested-for-running-stolen-carracket/883496/ “Extortion Threat on the Decline,” Himalayan Times, February 9, 2011. Heinen, Joel and Shestra, Suresh (2006). “Evolving Policies for Conservation: An Historical Profile of the Protected Area System of Nepal,” Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 49. K.C., Bikash (2011a). “Irregularities Dog NA Welfare Fund,” Republica, January 19, 2011. NYU CIC Responding to the Impact of Organized Crime on Developing Countries
K.C., Bikash (2011b). “NA Millions Caught in BFI Cleft Stick,” Kathmandu Post, January 29, 2011. Kharel, Baburam (2010). “Prison Shooting: Yunus Ansari shot at in Central Jail,” Kathmandu Post, Match 10, 2010. Available at: http://www.ekantipur.com/the-kathmandupost/2011/03/10/top-story/prison-shooting-yunusansari-shot-at-in-central-jail/219277.html. Lamichhane, Suman (2009). “End the Culture of Impunity: Interview with William S. Martin, Political/Economic Chief of the Embassy of the United States in Nepal,” The Boss, July 14-August 14, 2009. “Low Road through the Himalayas,” The Economist, May 31, 2011. Mahato, Rubeena (2011). “From Poppies to Paddy,” Nepali Times, August 19, 2011. Narayan, V. (2012).“Nepal Becoming Hub of Counterfeiters: Police,” The Times of India, March 26, 2012. “Nepal ‘Fast Becoming a Hub for Drug Trafficking,’” Gulf Times, March 12, 2012. “Nepal Nabs Fake Money Kingpin,” Telegraph India, December 21, 2008. “Nepal Politics: Quick View – War Crimes to Be Investigated by Truth Commission,” The Economist Intelligence Unit, March 28, 2013. “Nepal Refuses India Plea to Intercept Calls to Track Pakistan-based militants,” BBC, January 12, 2012. “Nepal Winning Battle against One-horned Rhino Poachers,” New York Daily News, May 11, 2012. Neupane, Sunil (2011).“Illegal Opium Production in Nepal,” Asia Calling, July 24, 2011. Available at: http://asiacalling. kbr68h.com/en/news/nepal/2125-illegal-opiumproduction-in-nepal. Overdorf, Jason (2010a) “Four-fifths of Nepal’s District’s Arable Land Said Used for Marijuana, Opium,” BBC Monitoring South Asia, February 17, 2010. Overdorf, Jason (2010b). “Is Nepal the Next Afghanistan,” Global Post, November 27, 2010. “Paras ‘linked’ to Dawood’s currency racket,” Hindustan Times, August 31, 2009. Available at: http://www. hindustantimes.com/India-news/NewDelhi/Paras-linkedto-Dawood-s-currency-racket/Article1-448892.aspx. “Police Suspects Killing of 10,000 Tibetan Antelopes,” Xinhua- English, February 21, 2013. “Probe Fails to Find Bam Murder Motive.” Kathmandu Post. October 31, 2012. Rabinowitz, Gavin (2006). “Tiger-Skin Market in Tibet Flourishing,” Washington Post, September 27, 2006. Shekhar, Raj (2011). “Cops Arrest thief who built an empire from stolen cars,” Times of India, December 3, 2011. Available at: http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes. com/2011-12-03/delhi/30471692_1_auto-lifters-autolifters-counterfeit-currency Shova, Thapa and Hubacek, Klaus (2011). “Drivers of Illegal Resource Extraction: An Analysis of Bardia National Park, Nepal,” Journal of Environmental Management, 92. Shrestha, Prabin (2011). “Policy Initiatives for Drug Control in Nepal,” The Health, 2(2). Srivastava, Rajiv (2011). “Stolen in UP, Sold to Maoists in Nepal,” Times of India, May 9, 2011. Available at: http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05- 09/lucknow/29524890_1_maoists-nepalganj-vehicles “Terror-Funding Pak Kingpin in Nepal Police Net,” Times of India, December 21, 2008. Thapa, Surya (2011). “Neither Forests Nor Trees,” Nepali Times, January 7, 2011. “Violence Against Women Increasing in Nepal: Police,” Xinhua, January 10, 2013. 95 Responding to the Impact of Organized Crime on Developing Countries NYU CIC
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NEW YORK UNIVERSITY i CENTER ON INT
Page 3 and 4:
Table of Contents Getting Smart and
Page 5 and 6:
security threats, such as counterin
Page 7 and 8:
section provides concluding remarks
Page 9 and 10:
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On Current Dev
Page 11 and 12:
tax evasion, drug smuggling, illega
Page 13 and 14:
fraud. The complex web of informal
Page 15 and 16:
unpopulated regions, weak instituti
Page 17 and 18:
• Supporting crime-sensitive econ
Page 19 and 20:
II. SUGGESTIONS FOR TARGETED PROGRA
Page 21 and 22:
violence by criminal gangs to provi
Page 23 and 24:
criminal activity in order to build
Page 25 and 26:
organized crime-related intelligenc
Page 27 and 28:
countries, security sector reform e
Page 29 and 30:
The growing incidence of cybercrime
Page 31 and 32:
4.2 Apply the principle of shared r
Page 33 and 34:
III. KNOWING WHEN TO ENGAGE AND WHE
Page 35 and 36:
these challenges within government
Page 37 and 38:
Where criminal enc
Page 39 and 40:
Organized criminal corruption can t
Page 41 and 42:
Afghanistan, Somalia, and Myanmar.
Page 43 and 44:
are prevalent, or where</st
Page 45 and 46: 1.1.3 SUPPORT THE ESTABLISHMENT OF
Page 47 and 48: 2.5 USE SECTOR SPECIFIC POLITICAL E
Page 49 and 50: Bibliography Books Arias, Desmond E
Page 51 and 52: International Drug Policy Consortiu
Page 53 and 54: US Department of State (undated), M
Page 55 and 56: ANNEX I - THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZED C
Page 57 and 58: New Political Contestation amidst W
Page 59 and 60: Many in Nepal see the eventual adop
Page 61 and 62: epresentatives and journalists visi
Page 63 and 64: (also known as Comrade Kiran), the
Page 65 and 66: Nepalis continue to be marginalized
Page 67 and 68: Although informal justice mechanism
Page 69 and 70: accessibility of law enforcement to
Page 71 and 72: lines, believing such an institutio
Page 73 and 74: Chinese Medicine (TCM) and traditio
Page 75 and 76: declined between 2010 and 2012. (Th
Page 77 and 78: may well be that it is easy to exer
Page 79 and 80: in Nepal up to 4,000 cars stolen fr
Page 81 and 82: were destroyed in 2010 alone. 153 A
Page 83 and 84: as a transshipment country between
Page 85 and 86: abroad. At times, they may be trick
Page 87 and 88: for self-determination and rights e
Page 89 and 90: do they yet systematically deliver
Page 91 and 92: youth wing of political parties, pa
Page 93 and 94: Bibliography Books Thapa, Dheepak (
Page 95: International Crisis Group (2012a).
Page 99 and 100: Getting Smart and Scaling Up : The
Page 101 and 102: Introduction Ghana is experiencing
Page 103 and 104: I. Political, Instituional, Socio-E
Page 105 and 106: overwhelmingly supported by Ewes in
Page 107 and 108: and community over generations. Thi
Page 109 and 110: the potential increases in crime an
Page 111 and 112: charged with conspiracy to distribu
Page 113 and 114: and ratified a series of regional a
Page 115 and 116: funds related to money laundering.
Page 117 and 118: and Takoradi. The consignments come
Page 119 and 120: In the years preceding 2008, Ghanai
Page 121 and 122: may be attributed to the nature of
Page 123 and 124: etween the two main political parti
Page 125 and 126: police and custom officials arreste
Page 127 and 128: levels, however, treatment for drug
Page 129 and 130: V. The Donor Context Most external
Page 131 and 132: • Addressing socio-economic chall
Page 133 and 134: Ellis, Stephen (2009). ‘West Afri
Page 135 and 136: ‘High Toxic Levels Found at Schoo
Page 137 and 138: Getting Smart and Scaling Up : The
Page 139 and 140: Introduction Organized crime captur
Page 141 and 142: II. The Political Instiution and So
Page 143 and 144: to anchor contracts. 13 Meanwhile,
Page 145 and 146: promoting alternative approaches to
Page 147 and 148:
II. The Nature and Scope of Organiz
Page 149 and 150:
of contraband along the potential
Page 151 and 152:
investigation into Suleman’s alle
Page 153 and 154:
Rovers, Mitsubishi Colts, Land Crui
Page 155 and 156:
may have been involved in launderin
Page 157 and 158:
linkages between senior FRELIMO off
Page 159 and 160:
seeking to more strongly align its
Page 161 and 162:
Kyed, Helene Maria (2007), State Re
Page 163 and 164:
Getting Smart and Scaling Up : The
Page 165 and 166:
Introduction Emerging from a decade
Page 167 and 168:
political figures in Sierra Leone a
Page 169 and 170:
After 150 years under British colon
Page 171 and 172:
signed on behalf of the government
Page 173 and 174:
and economic development. 75 Amidst
Page 175 and 176:
Notwithstanding, in 2011 several in
Page 177 and 178:
provoked by an air traffic controll
Page 179 and 180:
which raises some concern that the
Page 181 and 182:
smuggled diamonds to Belgium in 199
Page 183 and 184:
Concerns about the resilience and c
Page 185 and 186:
the current Sierra Leonean governme
Page 187 and 188:
egional countries through the WACI.
Page 189 and 190:
V. Conclusions Sierra Leone has mad
Page 191 and 192:
• Beyond traditional support and
Page 193 and 194:
Gbla, Osman (2007). “Security Sec
Page 195 and 196:
United Nations Security Council (20
Page 197 and 198:
Newspaper Online, January 21. Avail
Page 199 and 200:
Getting Smart and Scaling Up : The
Page 201 and 202:
Introduction Guyana is located on t
Page 203 and 204:
Afro-Guyanese and mixed race popula
Page 205 and 206:
Guyanese town Buxton claimed joint
Page 207 and 208:
is primarily based on exports from
Page 209 and 210:
The electronic intelligence devices
Page 211 and 212:
Desi Bouterese, head of the main op
Page 213 and 214:
sector plan based on the government
Page 215 and 216:
development actors might consider a
Page 217 and 218:
Kaieteur News, 2009, Roger Khan Ple
Page 219 and 220:
Annex VI - THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZED
Page 221 and 222:
I. Regional, Political, Institution
Page 223 and 224:
heterogeneous than they are today.
Page 225 and 226:
that had few economic resources. Po
Page 227 and 228:
II. The Nature of Organized Crime i
Page 229 and 230:
gangs in central and western Kingst
Page 231 and 232:
A US diplomatic cable released by W
Page 233 and 234:
some projects leads to lower levels
Page 235 and 236:
professionalizing the police. Dilap
Page 237 and 238:
Bibliography Books Figueroa, Mark a
Page 239 and 240:
“Jamaica’s Women Drug Mules fil
Page 241 and 242:
Annual Review of Global Peace Opera
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