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Where is Denmark positioned compared to other<br />

countries <strong>in</strong> terms of supportive public programs?<br />

Public programs are likewise assessed<br />

<strong>in</strong> other countries, Table 4.14. Among the developed<br />

countries, public programs are more supportive<br />

<strong>in</strong> some countries, notably Austria, Germany<br />

<strong>and</strong> Irel<strong>and</strong>. Denmark has quite supportive<br />

programs, only 20% of the other countries<br />

have more supportive programs, whereas 80%<br />

of the others have less supportive programs.<br />

That Denmark has fairly supportive public programs<br />

is hardly surpris<strong>in</strong>g, as Denmark is still a<br />

welfare society, with welfare extendig to public<br />

support <strong>for</strong> private bus<strong>in</strong>ess, especially under<br />

the current right-w<strong>in</strong>g government.<br />

Table 4.14<br />

Public programs <strong>for</strong> entrepreneurship<br />

The three countries with the most<br />

supportive public programs, the<br />

three countries with the least, <strong>and</strong><br />

Denmark <strong>and</strong> the USA<br />

2002-08, weighted toward 2008<br />

Austria 3.5<br />

Germany 3.4<br />

Irel<strong>and</strong> 3.3<br />

…<br />

Denmark 3.0 80 percentile rank<br />

USA 3.0<br />

…<br />

Russia 2.2<br />

Latvia 2.1<br />

Bosnia 1.9<br />

truthfulness of each of the follow<strong>in</strong>g statements,<br />

– In Denmark, new technology, science, <strong>and</strong><br />

other knowledge are efficiently transferred from<br />

universities <strong>and</strong> public research centers to new<br />

<strong>and</strong> grow<strong>in</strong>g firms.<br />

– In Denmark, new <strong>and</strong> grow<strong>in</strong>g firms have just<br />

as much access to new research <strong>and</strong> technology<br />

as large, established firms.<br />

– In Denmark, new <strong>and</strong> grow<strong>in</strong>g firms can af<strong>for</strong>d<br />

the latest technology.<br />

– In Denmark, there are adequate government<br />

subsidies <strong>for</strong> new <strong>and</strong> grow<strong>in</strong>g firms to acquire<br />

new technology.<br />

– In Denmark, the science <strong>and</strong> technology base<br />

efficiently supports the creation of world-class<br />

new technology-based ventures <strong>in</strong> at least one<br />

area.<br />

– In Denmark, there is good support available<br />

<strong>for</strong> eng<strong>in</strong>eers <strong>and</strong> scientists to have their ideas<br />

commercialized through new <strong>and</strong> grow<strong>in</strong>g<br />

firms.<br />

Technology transfer <strong>in</strong> Denmark has been<br />

chang<strong>in</strong>g over the years, Table 4.15. Technology<br />

transfer has <strong>in</strong>creased over time.<br />

Table 4.15<br />

Technology transfer <strong>in</strong> Denmark.<br />

Annually from 2002 to 2008<br />

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008<br />

2.3 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7<br />

In short, whereas the supportiveness of public<br />

programs <strong>in</strong> Denmark has been rather stable,<br />

Denmark ranks very high compared to other developed<br />

countries.<br />

Technology transfer to entrepreneurship<br />

Technology transfer denotes the movement of<br />

technological knowledge from public research<br />

<strong>in</strong>stitutions to entrepreneurship (Schøtt,<br />

2006a:82, 2007a:42, 2008:24). The extent of<br />

technology transfer <strong>in</strong> Denmark is assessed annually<br />

by ask<strong>in</strong>g a panel of experts to ascerta<strong>in</strong><br />

Where does the <strong>in</strong>crease br<strong>in</strong>g Denmark, <strong>in</strong><br />

comparison to other countries? Technology<br />

transfer is measured likewise <strong>in</strong> many other<br />

countries, Table 4.16. Among the developed<br />

countries, technology transfer is especially extensive<br />

<strong>in</strong> Taiwan, Switzerl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> the USA.<br />

Denmark is a little above the middle, with 61%<br />

of the other countries below Denmark <strong>in</strong> technology<br />

transfer.<br />

In short, technology transfer has been <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g<br />

<strong>in</strong> Denmark, <strong>and</strong> Denmark is a little above<br />

the middle among the developed countries.<br />

30

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