East Asia and Western Pacific METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

More documents

Recommendations

Info

International Conference on East Asia and Western Pacific METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE Hong Kong 6-8 July 1989 Editors: P Sham Royal Observatory Hong Kong Hong Kong CP Chang Naval Postgraduate Schol USA VLX World Scientific iSff^ Singapore • New Jersey • London • Hong Kong
Page 2 and 3: UNIVERSITY OF HONG KOHG LlBEAEY
Page 6 and 7: Published by '*"*"" ,1: ,-.;•„.
Page 8: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EAST AS
Page 11 and 12: 21 HONG, Siu-Shung National Central
Page 13: XI 66 SHAM, Pak 67 SHIEH, Shinn-Lia
Page 17 and 18: XV CONTENTS Foreword Photograph of
Page 19 and 20: XVII Structural features of a squal
Page 21 and 22: XIX A three-dimensional model of th
Page 23 and 24: XXI Session 8b: Typhoon Studies Typ
Page 25 and 26: THE CHANGES IN CIRCULATIONS DURING
Page 27 and 28: A NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OP
Page 29 and 30: arc around the Plateau is seen betw
Page 31 and 32: mean vertical speed (W^ - K NM ) be
Page 33 and 34: 10 Fig.l. Movement of the surface c
Page 36 and 37: 13 Pig.7* Difference in mean vertic
Page 38 and 39: l.INIRCDUCTICN Climatological data
Page 40 and 41: the forecast capability of the Cent
Page 42 and 43: A marked interannual variation exis
Page 44 and 45: Diagnosis using the balanced o> equ
Page 46 and 47: 23 Fig.4 Distribution of the 326 ca
Page 48 and 49: Wu et al.(82) analyzed 43 cases of
Page 50 and 51: (2,75,79). Over southern China, geo
Page 52 and 53: 29 Fig.5 Distribution of the mesolo
Page 54 and 55:
31 9. CCNCLIDIN3 REMARKS The Mei-Yu
Page 56 and 57:
for the growth of nocturnal inversi
Page 58 and 59:
34.Qien, G.T. J., and C.P. Pu, "A c
Page 60 and 61:
68.Liu, K.Y. , "On the heavy rainfa
Page 62 and 63:
39 .0 heating which follows the mov
Page 64 and 65:
41 to the pre-onset level by the en
Page 66 and 67:
43 5.625 N and 15 N (region Bl) and
Page 68 and 69:
45 REFERENCES ^Krishnamurti, T. N.,
Page 70 and 71:
47 s s : SUBTROP. H. CIR. C850M81
Page 72 and 73:
49 taken during the Global Atmosphe
Page 74 and 75:
51 105°£ ISO'E 165°E 30°N 15 8
Page 76 and 77:
Scale: 8 °ld 40°N 30°N 15°N Equ
Page 78 and 79:
40°N 30°N 15°N Equator 90°E 105
Page 80 and 81:
57 gence. This interpretation is su
Page 82 and 83:
59 exists discrepancy among differe
Page 84 and 85:
61 The heating over the South China
Page 86 and 87:
63 the deep tropospheric heating ov
Page 88 and 89:
65 . 3 Fig.l. The monthly mean valu
Page 90 and 91:
Fig.6. Time sections of the areal m
Page 92 and 93:
69 WIND AND MOISTURE FIELDS DURING
Page 94 and 95:
71 recorded on the 27th. The period
Page 96 and 97:
73 cross-sections for specific humi
Page 98 and 99:
75 (vi) It will be very useful and
Page 100 and 101:
77 Figure 2 Streamline Analyses (a)
Page 102 and 103:
79 N uo 35 - 30 - 25 - 20 - IS - 10
Page 104 and 105:
81 appreciable intensity throughout
Page 106 and 107:
83 center over the Yun Gui area. Th
Page 108 and 109:
85 (C) With the reduction of the te
Page 115 and 116:
92 10-.. 10-c S1.S S. B2.S M. IBS.
Page 117 and 118:
94 SEASONAL AND INTRASEASONAL VARIA
Page 119 and 120:
96 However, not all subseasonal sca
Page 121 and 122:
98 waves. Fig. 3 adopted from Murak
Page 123 and 124:
100 Indian Ocean and the western Pa
Page 125 and 126:
102 the development of an equatoria
Page 127 and 128:
104 of these clusters may develop i
Page 129 and 130:
106 I . INTRODUCTION The structure
Page 131 and 132:
108 But, as discussed in the next s
Page 133 and 134:
110 cell extended northward to 30 N
Page 135:
112 References Bourke, W., McAvaney
Page 141 and 142:
^ - ^^KiKS^;--^Sxy^^ . ^ &^>sx^>^.-
Page 143 and 144:
120 The model results also demonstr
Page 145 and 146:
122 The diabatic heating rate Q inc
Page 147 and 148:
124 MODE SELECTION (WL=200QQ KM) MO
Page 149 and 150:
126 (a) OEOPOTEHTIflL FRED (A] VEKT
Page 151 and 152:
128 CQMPRRISON OF GROWTH RflTE KELV
Page 153 and 154:
130 from the dynamic effect of the
Page 155 and 156:
132 Altitude: Inclination: Period:
Page 157 and 158:
134 Local enhanced cloud image Clou
Page 162 and 163:
139 APPLYING TROPOPAUSE DATA OBSERV
Page 164 and 165:
The main objectives of the Program
Page 166 and 167:
143 system, method of assimilation
Page 168 and 169:
145 Some radiosonde data were used
Page 170 and 171:
147 [13 [2] [3] [43 [5] [6] [73 [8]
Page 172 and 173:
149 0 1 2 3 4 o T(°K) FLq. 7 The R
Page 174 and 175:
151 1. INTRODUCTION In this study,
Page 176 and 177:
153 3. METHODOLOGY The data analysi
Page 178 and 179:
155 0*73 KM TAMEX IOP2 00*31 a P »
Page 180 and 181:
157 • cooling to a minimum from t
Page 182 and 183:
159 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors
Page 184 and 185:
161 seasons sometimes brought great
Page 186 and 187:
163 carefully analyzed. In Fig.3 th
Page 188 and 189:
165 Fig. 6. (a) The 850 mb map of 0
Page 190 and 191:
167 i: Fig.10. The CAA radar reflec
Page 192 and 193:
169 convergence. Consequently a str
Page 194 and 195:
171 Atmospheric optical remote sens
Page 196 and 197:
Lambert reflector, there is no need
Page 198 and 199:
175 occurs and the average is 0.^1.
Page 200 and 201:
In order to futher broaden applicat
Page 202 and 203:
[21]* Lu Daren, "Lidar Equation Tak
Page 204 and 205:
time to derive the radar estimated
Page 206 and 207:
time interval of 60 minutes, the av
Page 208 and 209:
The digital radar at RO has been ve
Page 210 and 211:
187 FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF RADAR AND
Page 212 and 213:
iU 9 FIGURE 5. REGRESSION RELATION
Page 214 and 215:
were mainly focused on predicting f
Page 216 and 217:
193 following two kinds: (a) Macrob
Page 218 and 219:
195 Case 1: Squall line Fig. 1 is t
Page 220 and 221:
197 radar's data makes the weather
Page 222 and 223:
799 Revival of the Tipping-bucket R
Page 224 and 225:
201 rainfall, (2) Donnelly ' introd
Page 226 and 227:
203 at Holt, Missori is just barely
Page 228 and 229:
205 Table 2 Rainfall Intensity and
Page 230 and 231:
207 valve micro adjustment valve wa
Page 232 and 233:
9 10 11 12 - 25 - _ n A . _ _ _ _
Page 234 and 235:
211 In the final section, the paper
Page 236 and 237:
213 2.2 Observation From Satellite
Page 238 and 239:
215 To ascertain the activity of th
Page 240 and 241:
217 the west-northwest and swept ac
Page 242 and 243:
was found that instead of slowing d
Page 244 and 245:
221 1. OBSERVATIONAL ASPECTS Observ
Page 246 and 247:
223 and i) They receive a substanti
Page 248 and 249:
225 factor for the rapid collapse o
Page 250 and 251:
227 clouds. These clouds trap the I
Page 252 and 253:
229 W/m 2 . It can be seen that the
Page 254 and 255:
231 Fig. 3. The vertical distributi
Page 256 and 257:
233 equatorial region, the meridion
Page 258 and 259:
235 Using a stable leap-frog scheme
Page 260 and 261:
237 the form d& BS. —£ „ _ n
Page 262 and 263:
239 Knutson, T. R. , K. M. Weickman
Page 264 and 265:
241 A Study On The Radiative Balanc
Page 266 and 267:
243 The net downward solar radiatio
Page 268 and 269:
245 space. This effect is the green
Page 270 and 271:
247 are downward. REFERENCES Arakaw
Page 272 and 273:
249 data from ERBE 31 / 18.4 Fig. 3
Page 274 and 275:
251 INTRODUCTION TO HEIHE BASIN FEI
Page 276 and 277:
crop growth, and desert) and climat
Page 278 and 279:
Rainfall station Well for measuring
Page 280 and 281:
over desert area and its possible e
Page 282 and 283:
discontinously in addition to the m
Page 284 and 285:
261 THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON C
Page 286 and 287:
263 TABLE 2. Longterm Temperatures
Page 288 and 289:
265 TABLE 3. Trends in 10 Year Runn
Page 290 and 291:
267 The change in estimated buildin
Page 292 and 293:
269 TABLE 4. Commonly Hypothesized
Page 294 and 295:
271 an effort to minimize the impac
Page 296 and 297:
273 detailed study of changes in th
Page 298 and 299:
0: O O o S E S 1 - I • £ o ° £
Page 300 and 301:
277 2100 GMT 9 MAY 5 104 J03 IO2 10
Page 302 and 303:
279 It is interesting to note that
Page 304 and 305:
281 climatology of the MM4 precipit
Page 306 and 307:
283 Kuo, Y.-H., D.O. Gill and L. Ch
Page 308 and 309:
285 has been investigated by Eady 6
Page 310 and 311:
287 with the classical Eady waves,
Page 312 and 313:
289 Figs. 7-8 (for case 2e) show th
Page 314 and 315:
291 generate more positive kinetic
Page 316 and 317:
293 6] Eady, E. T., 1949: Long wave
Page 318 and 319:
295 But, for wind and geopotential
Page 320 and 321:
297 dary layer in z-coordinate to a
Page 322 and 323:
299 As R -*0> 0=1, U T = u , V T ~
Page 324 and 325:
301 Cb) CO Fig. la shows the orogra
Page 326 and 327:
2 y -f -5 * b* The numerical result
Page 328 and 329:
305 expense of smaller droplets and
Page 330 and 331:
307 low value of 0.4g-irT . The ver
Page 332 and 333:
309 Parrish, J. ^ L. , and A. J. He
Page 334 and 335:
31 1987 6/16 165310 T= -1.7 C Z = 5
Page 336 and 337:
ON DYNAMICAL STUDIES OF ORO GRAPHIC
Page 338 and 339:
315 lateral boundaries. The model i
Page 340 and 341:
317 air sounding, over Panchiao (al
Page 342 and 343:
319 Fig.l Satellite imagery for May
Page 344 and 345:
321 -ISO -50 X-AXIS C KM Fig,7 The
Page 346 and 347:
323 Numerical Simulations of topogr
Page 348 and 349:
325 The physical processes of the o
Page 350 and 351:
327 Fig. 3 The east-west cross sect
Page 352 and 353:
329 0500 LST the next morning, the
Page 354 and 355:
331 (Walker and Rowntree, 1977). Mo
Page 356 and 357:
Study on the Frontal Cyclone System
Page 358 and 359:
Fig.9 indicates the ageostrophic co
Page 360 and 361:
337 £ * ,- (6) dp dy where u g is
Page 362 and 363:
339 100 110 120 130 Fig.3 The synop
Page 364 and 365:
•= 1979/2/04/002 VORTICITY KE-S/S
Page 366 and 367:
343 The Microphysics of a Mei-Yu Ca
Page 368 and 369:
345 1. Introduction Observational r
Page 370 and 371:
347 where V(x) = terminal fallspeed
Page 372 and 373:
349 3.2 Results with Figs. 1 height
Page 374 and 375:
351 Srivastava, E.G., 1978: Paramet
Page 376 and 377:
353 TRRCK - 1 (1115 Q - 1131 QJ PR0
Page 378 and 379:
355 filtered from model because it
Page 380 and 381:
357 The dispersion relationship is
Page 382 and 383:
359 REFERENCE Chao Jiping and Ji Zh
Page 384 and 385:
361 Pig. 1. Anomalous fields of the
Page 386 and 387:
363 Fig. a. Ac the coupling coeffic
Page 388 and 389:
365 A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF TH
Page 390 and 391:
367 HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING The hydro
Page 392 and 393:
369 grid, and time level respective
Page 394 and 395:
Model verification with only astron
Page 396 and 397:
Rank DESIGN TYPHOON SURGE HEIGHT NE
Page 398 and 399:
INTERAiWAL VARIABILITIES OF THE WES
Page 400 and 401:
10° N), the strength index is the
Page 402 and 403:
warm water of the upper WEPO west o
Page 404 and 405:
the NWPO and the data obtained from
Page 406 and 407:
383 UO V E ISO' 160 170' 18CT 0 15U
Page 408 and 409:
385 Large Scale Air-Sea Interaction
Page 410 and 411:
387 expands, more and more interact
Page 412 and 413:
389 On ENSO time scales, the pertur
Page 414 and 415:
I. The principal processes responsi
Page 416 and 417:
determine their influence on SST va
Page 418 and 419:
395 References Hsiung, J., 1985: Es
Page 420 and 421:
397 Modeling Piiot Studies Enhanced
Page 422 and 423:
399 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CURREN
Page 424 and 425:
401 2. THE PROGRAM The objectives o
Page 426 and 427:
403 INFLUENCE OF MICROSCALE AIR-SEA
Page 428 and 429:
405 The results shown In Fig. 1 are
Page 430 and 431:
407 laboratory, momentum flux to wa
Page 432 and 433:
some of the problems, which are bac
Page 434 and 435:
411 REFERENCES Haimbach, S. P. and
Page 436 and 437:
413 The climatology of global SST f
Page 438 and 439:
415 Reference Berlage H.P., "The So
Page 440 and 441:
417 90 N IE' 120' ' 'iio' ' ' ' '12
Page 442 and 443:
Fig.4. Map of the standard deviatio
Page 444 and 445:
421 the rugged coastline terrain. A
Page 446 and 447:
423 The experiment was repeated man
Page 448 and 449:
425 CONCLUSIONS: The use of wind-tu
Page 450 and 451:
427 80 60 U mm/s. 40 * 20 0:02 0.04
Page 452 and 453:
429 THE IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATIO
Page 454 and 455:
437 42 Physical Processes The physi
Page 456 and 457:
433 time cross-section at two grid-
Page 458 and 459:
435 55 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 11
Page 460 and 461:
437 Nanling Figure 4 Topography (TG
Page 462 and 463:
439 BMC LIMITED AREA MODEL: OPERATI
Page 464 and 465:
1 - 00 (P S V -j mV- — JQ.4-6 m w
Page 466 and 467:
443 and caused severe flood. Local
Page 468 and 469:
445 forecast. Based on a nested ver
Page 470 and 471:
447 Fig.5. 24-hour forecasts of RT
Page 472 and 473:
449 THE OPERATIONAL GLOBAL FORECAST
Page 474 and 475:
451 Numerical Simulation of Mesosca
Page 476 and 477:
453 closure model (1974). Radiation
Page 478 and 479:
455 prone to boundary contamination
Page 480 and 481:
457 RMS errors for RO is relatively
Page 482 and 483:
459 Comparison of the surface tempe
Page 484 and 485:
461 AN OVERVIEW OF PRESENT TYPHOON
Page 486 and 487:
; 463 and intensity estimation. How
Page 488 and 489:
465 a. 24-hour forecast errors The
Page 490 and 491:
467 compared with previous years. S
Page 492 and 493:
469 Table 1. Initial position error
Page 494 and 495:
471 Table 5. 48-hour forecast error
Page 496 and 497:
473 48-hour Forecast Errors Rel. to
Page 498 and 499:
4/5 tegration scheme basically foll
Page 500 and 501:
477 '' / » where 1 d . ..... wher
Page 502 and 503:
ainy season of Yangtze valley (bai-
Page 504 and 505:
Fig. 1 ECMWF -FGGE analysis of 500
Page 506 and 507:
483 40} Fig.4 Daily position of the
Page 508 and 509:
485 THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY LONG RANG
Page 510 and 511:
487 (2) Based on possible relations
Page 512 and 513:
489 CONCLUSIONS Seasonal rainfall f
Page 514 and 515:
491 (verifying against the actual M
Page 516 and 517:
YEAR 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
Page 518 and 519:
495 computational trajectories are
Page 520 and 521:
497 Substituting Eq. (5) into Eqs.
Page 522 and 523:
499 These curves divide the plane (
Page 524 and 525:
501 REFERENCES (1] .Fua,D. ,Chimona
Page 526 and 527:
503 1. INTRODUCTION The earth topog
Page 528 and 529:
505 In this study, the following pa
Page 530 and 531:
507 equations. The 18 ordinary diff
Page 532 and 533:
509 To investigate the statistical
Page 534 and 535:
511 0 ^^S08%#g!%J!J#^ a), T, Q 3 Ap
Page 536 and 537:
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF 30 DAY RU
Page 538 and 539:
515 EFFECTS OF VERTICAL WIND-SHEAR
Page 540 and 541:
517 ANALOGOUS RHYTHM PHENOMENON OF
Page 542 and 543:
519 layers of the earth's crust) sh
Page 544 and 545:
521 where r 4j is the correlation c
Page 546 and 547:
the equations and so on. Then perfo
Page 548 and 549:
525 An Inquiry into the Nature of R
Page 550 and 551:
527 (1) - 2F 0 ( + %,0) + JCF.9)) +
Page 552 and 553:
529 4.a Dependence of the instabiii
Page 554 and 555:
531 4.b Properties of the unstable
Page 556 and 557:
the jet core. The maximum value is
Page 558 and 559:
535 Frederiksen. J., and R. C. Bell
Page 560 and 561:
537 DYNAMICS OF VORTEX MOTION ON TR
Page 562 and 563:
In Fiorino and Elsberry (1989), the
Page 564 and 565:
541 vortex. Solutions obtained by p
Page 566 and 567:
543 the present linear model, the s
Page 568 and 569:
545 Figure 3, Steady-state asymmetr
Page 570 and 571:
547 EFFECT OF THERMAL AND DYNAMIC F
Page 572 and 573:
549 where b=g(T-Tr)/Tr buoyance for
Page 574 and 575:
from the center of cyclone. Tn addi
Page 576 and 577:
553 typhoon, indi rating the primar
Page 578 and 579:
555 the center at 200 hPa and the m
Page 580 and 581:
557 vertical turbulent flux of mome
Page 582 and 583:
559 RECENT RESULTS IN LIMITED-AREA
Page 584 and 585:
561 PEL scheme consists of a simila
Page 586 and 587:
563 divergence, vorticity and gener
Page 588 and 589:
565 Fig. 1. Observations and 24 hou
Page 590:
567 62. S 56.5 -70.0 -60.0 58.5 or
Page 593 and 594:
LIN,Y.J. Structural features of a s
Page 595:
572 WANG, Bin WANG, Jough-Tai WU, J
show all

East Asia and Western Pacific METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATE

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?