OECD Peer Review of E-Government in Denmark - ePractice.eu

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E-government and organisational change at the individual organisation level........................80 Impact on information and knowledge sharing ....................................................................81 Impact on organisational structure .......................................................................................82 Impact on organisational processes......................................................................................82 Impact on organisational values and culture ........................................................................83 Impact on skills ....................................................................................................................84 Impact on innovation............................................................................................................86 VI. COMMON FRAMEWORKS AND COLLABORATION ..............................................89 Co-ordination of e-government policies and projects..............................................................90 Common ICT infrastructures and applications ........................................................................93 The Civil Registration System..............................................................................................93 Public Key Infrastructure .....................................................................................................94 FESD – Joint electronic document management..................................................................99 e-Faktura.............................................................................................................................100 e-Income.............................................................................................................................103 e-Procurement ....................................................................................................................103 Common frameworks.............................................................................................................103 Enterprise architecture........................................................................................................103 Local government common systems and frameworks........................................................107 E-government guidance .........................................................................................................112 Public-private partnerships.....................................................................................................113 Perceptions and practice of collaboration ..............................................................................115 VII. USER-FOCUS ............................................................................................................119 Demand for e-government .....................................................................................................120 Government-wide assessment of users’ e-government needs, demands and experiences .120 Source and type of e-government demand – OECD survey results ...................................124 Organisations’ assessment of demand................................................................................126 Organisations’ experience with user demand.....................................................................127 Constraints on demand .......................................................................................................127 Provision of user-focused services.........................................................................................129 Government-wide drivers of user-focused e-government ..................................................131 Online delivery of user-focused e-government ..................................................................131 Providing user-focused access to e-government ................................................................133 E-government and offline service delivery ........................................................................137 Enabling participation in government....................................................................................138 VIII. MONITORING AND EVALUATION.......................................................................141 Monitoring and evaluation at the all-of-government level.....................................................141 Costs and benefits of e-government ...................................................................................142 External audit .....................................................................................................................144 Monitoring and evaluation at the organisational level...........................................................145 Focus of e-government monitoring and evaluation............................................................145 Responsibilities for monitoring and evaluation..................................................................147 Use of results of e-government monitoring and evaluation................................................148 CASE STUDY 1: STANDARDS-BASED E-GOVERNMENT IN THE HEALTH SECTOR....................................................................................................................................150 CASE STUDY 2: ACHIEVING E-GOVERNMENT READINESS - eDay ............................156 3
ANNEX A: OVERVIEW OF POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM.................160 ANNEX B: INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT AND PUBLIC GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................162 Constitutional environment....................................................................................................162 Political environment .............................................................................................................162 Social environment ................................................................................................................163 Economic environment ..........................................................................................................163 Administrative environment...................................................................................................164 Organisation of State and local government.......................................................................164 State government................................................................................................................164 State government at sub-national levels .............................................................................164 Local government...............................................................................................................165 The Structural Reform ...........................................................................................................165 Current distribution of functions between central and local government...........................165 State government functions ................................................................................................165 County functions ................................................................................................................166 Municipal functions............................................................................................................166 Public sector modernisation ...................................................................................................167 Technological environment....................................................................................................168 Danish telecommunications sector.....................................................................................168 ICT usage ...........................................................................................................................170 ANNEX C: RELEVANT REPORTS, STRATEGIES, DECISIONS AND ACTS ..................171 ANNEX D: POLICIES, STRATGIES AND PLANS RELATED TO E-GOVERNMENT.....173 Introduction............................................................................................................................173 First steps towards an Information Society............................................................................173 Info-Society 2000 (The Dybkjaer Report)..........................................................................173 The Danish Government’s IT action plans ............................................................................174 Digital Denmark – Transformation to the Network Society ..............................................176 Denmark on the Web..........................................................................................................176 Other major ICT initiatives ....................................................................................................177 IT for people with disabilities.............................................................................................177 E-mail addresses for everyone............................................................................................178 IT in the education system..................................................................................................178 Electronic records management..........................................................................................178 Electronic commerce..........................................................................................................178 IT Design for All ................................................................................................................178 From Hardware to Content – Internet all over Denmark....................................................179 Use and Reuse of “Base” Data ...........................................................................................179 Security...............................................................................................................................179 Digital Signatures...............................................................................................................179 The Danish Knowledge Strategy........................................................................................180 First steps towards e-government...........................................................................................180 Get going with e-Government............................................................................................180 Project e-Government and e-government strategy.................................................................181 ANNEX E: METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................182 ANNEX F: GLOSSARY...........................................................................................................186 4
Page 1 and 2: OECD PEER REVIEW OF E-GOVERNMENT IN
Page 3: TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY ASSESSMEN
Page 7 and 8: OECD PEER REVIEW OF E-GOVERNMENT IN
Page 9 and 10: While it is vital that the Governme
Page 11 and 12: Finance and the MVTU following thes
Page 13 and 14: this challenge was frequently menti
Page 15 and 16: Alongside the problem of the reliab
Page 17 and 18: In terms of its impact on organisat
Page 19 and 20: and businesses. While it is not cer
Page 21 and 22: considerable strategic importance t
Page 23 and 24: government organisations are aware
Page 25 and 26: 8. Monitoring and evaluation Denmar
Page 27 and 28: Abstract There is a favourable envi
Page 29 and 30: E-government context Government pol
Page 31 and 32: The Structural Reform Between 2005
Page 33 and 34: administrative procedures. The find
Page 35 and 36: Figure 1.2 E-government structure a
Page 37 and 38: II. THE CASE FOR E-GOVERNMENT Denma
Page 39 and 40: • Creation of a competitive marke
Page 41 and 42: Abstract Government organisations c
Page 43 and 44: Source: OECD E-Government Survey: D
Page 45 and 46: Figure 3.2 Legislative and regulato
Page 47 and 48: modernisation process, especially i
Page 49 and 50: and the generally high level of tru
Page 51 and 52: fund it has created providing a tot
Page 53 and 54: outright barriers. The clearest evi
Page 55 and 56:
Figure 3.5 Use of public digital se
Page 57 and 58:
• Employment status: students and
Page 59 and 60:
APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 3: INFORMATION
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Figure 3.A.4 ICT usage among Danish
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Figure 3.A.8 Internet access among
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IV. PLANNING AND LEADERSHIP The e-g
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The strategy notes that Denmark is
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exchanged electronically. This is e
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with even lower rankings for driver
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involvement in e-government therefo
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In addition to support for the Join
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Figure 4.5 Responsibility for desig
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V. ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE This chapt
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Structural Reform and e-government
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The Task Force has initiated a proj
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Figure 5.2 Share of documents recei
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Box 5.1 Improving middle management
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Abstract Collaboration is relativel
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Co-ordination of e-government polic
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Box 6.1 Key e-government co-ordinat
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The CRS encompasses a number of reg
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Digital signatures are now being wi
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Denmark - something that could be a
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Staffed by employees from the Digit
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The additional workload is connecte
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such a framework be designed; and 3
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schemas used in different areas of
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• Changing conditions in the publ
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municipalities, which might otherwi
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The current situation has evolved o
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Figure 6.6 Impacts of partnerships
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Source: OECD E-government Survey: D
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Abstract The Danish vision for e-go
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Figure 7.1 Drivers of e-government
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• To ensure internal knowledge of
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• The lack of information and the
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Figure 7.2 Source and type of e-gov
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Figure 7.4 Constraints on demand fo
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When asked about the level of impor
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eing for one group or another (e.g.
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Figure 7.8 Use of electronic delive
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The national portal www.denmark.dk
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identification of the relationship
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Abstract At the all-of-government l
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• At least 60 percent of all publ
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External audit Another important el
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can have impacts: 1) “service cha
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Figure 8.4 Responsibilities for mon
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CASE STUDY 1: STANDARDS-BASED E-GOV
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pharmacies (e.g. referrals and disc
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Danish approach of flexible decentr
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CASE STUDY 2: ACHIEVING E-GOVERNMEN
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Estimation of benefits for both eDa
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ANNEX A: OVERVIEW OF POLITICAL AND
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ANNEX B: INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT AND
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Administrative environment Organisa
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Other State government responsibili
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− Models to support inter-organis
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ICT usage As discussed in Chapter 3
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Promotion of IT Research and Educat
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other reforms. The plan identified
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Overall, these action plans were su
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E-mail addresses for everyone Anoth
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had developed extensive practical k
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ANNEX E: METHODOLOGY Definition of
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The survey asked State and local go
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ANNEX F: GLOSSARY This glossary was
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Agency for Governmenta
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Ministry of Science, Technology and
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Statistics Denmark (2004b), Nyt fra
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