The Health bulletin [serial] - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

I
June, 1927 The Health Bulletin 9
fore, a brief consideration of these
items is particularly pertinent at this
season of the j'ear.
Water Supply
The popular conception that clear
sparkling water is always pure water,
and the sentimental longing for a spring
like '"the old spring"' are responsible
for many a little gray tombstone making
its untimely debut, and for inconceivable
grief and suffering.
By the very fact that springs are outcroppings
of water at the ground surface
it should be readily apparent that
springs are essentially surface water
and are therefore subject to pollution
Fig. 2 illustrates this character of protection.
The best type of water supply where
no public water supply is available, is
a driven or drilled well with a pump
and water tight platform. For larger
camps where the development of surface
water supply may be necessary,
the project should not be undertaken
except with competent engineering
counsel.
Sewage Disposal
Improper disposal of excreta may become
a menace to the countryside as
well as the camp itself. Small and
temporary camps should be provided
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Fig. 1. Properly protected spring with top entirely covered with concrete slab, A;
overflow pipe, B; drain pipe, C, to be used when water is to be piped to a distant point;
and strainer, D.
from any chance polluting material in
the vicinity. As a general rule, springs
are unsafe. There are some cases where
the spring is not located on the drainage
area below the camp or other
sources of pollution, where the spring
may be adequately protected by installing
a water tight covered box, with
proper provisions for diversion of surface
drainage. Fig. 1 illustrates suitable
water tight box construction. It
is a wise policy, however, to beware of
any spring however well it may appear
to be protected.
Open dug wells, particularly open
bucket wells, are no better than springs.
A dug well properly located may be
protected by a water tight raised platform
with the ground- surface graded
up to the platform to provide surface
drainage, and equipped with a pump.
with sanitary pit privies, located as
remotely as possible from the source
of water supply, and constructed and
maintained in accordance with the
plans and specifications prepared by
the State Board of Health and available
to any person upon application
The use of the camp privies should be
rigidly enforced to prevent the pollution
of water supply or the spread of disease
bearing excreta by flies. With the
best of precautions flies are usually
prevalent in camps, which accentuates
the menace when it is possible for
flies to feed in exposed excreta and
carry it to the tables and food supply
of the camp.
Milk Supply
Milk supply is the one thing that the
average person probably knows the