State of World Population 2012 - Country Page List - UNFPA

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t Viet Nam has expanded reproductive health services, which include family planning, pre- and post-natal care and HIV prevention. ©UNFPA/Doan Bau Chau Three cross-cutting principles contribute to building strong, rights-based family planning programmes: • Participation —a commitment to engaging key stakeholders, especially the most vulnerable beneficiaries, at all stages of decision making, from policies to programme implementation to monitoring (UNFPA, 2005). • Equality and non-discrimination—a commitment to ensuring that all individuals enjoy their human rights independent of sex, race, age, or any other status. • Accountability—mechanisms must be in place for ensuring that governments are fulfilling their responsibilities with regard to family planning information and services. Accountability includes monitoring and evaluation systems, with clear benchmarks and targets in order to assess government policy efforts in meeting people’s rights. Monitoring and evaluation are essential for giving governments the means to identify the major barriers to family planning and the groups that have the greatest difficulty with these barriers. Monitoring and evaluation also provide individuals—rights holders— and communities with information to hold governments to account when rights are not being upheld. Conclusion Hundreds of millions of the world’s men and women wish to have children by choice and not by chance. Many of their fellow citizens—those who are wealthier and more educated—seem to be able to achieve this right (Foreit, Karra 14 CHAPTER 1: THE RIGHT TO FAMILY PLANNING
For UNFPA, the key benefits to implementing a human rights-based approach to sexual and reproductive health programming, including family planning, are that doing so: • Promotes realization of human rights and helps government partners to achieve their human rights commitments; • Increases and strengthens the participation of the local community; • Improves transparency; • Promotes results (and aligns with results based management); • Increases accountability; • Reduces vulnerabilities by focusing on the most marginalized and excluded in society; and • Leads to sustained change as human rights-based programmes have greater impact on norms and values, structures, policy and practice. and Pandit-Rajani, 2010; Loaiza and Blake, 2010; World Heath Organization, 2011). The Programme of Action of the ICPD framed this right to family planning in the context of the right to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights, paying special attention to the needs of specific excluded populations and to gender equality. This year’s State of World Population Report builds on an earlier human rights and health framework developed by UNFPA and the Center for Reproductive Rights to include boys and men, many of whom also want to use family planning but who have typically been left out of the discussion. It also emphasizes the context of the sexual relationships within which individuals and couples elect to use family planning. And it advocates for a focus on extending access to family planning more equitably across population groups, particularly with reference to the socioeconomic differentials that exist in virtually every country of the world. “A human rights-based approach to sustainable development gives equal importance to both the outcomes and processes through which it is achieved.” The right to family planning has been strongly upheld and reinforced by a series of international treaties and conventions, endorsed by the international community and is firmly grounded in human rights. The right to family planning is also a gateway to the achievement of other rights. THE STATE OF WORLD POPULATION 2012 15
Page 1 and 2: 14 November 2012 BY CHOICE, NOT BY
Page 3 and 4: state of world population 2012 BY C
Page 5 and 6: ut many others have to do with econ
Page 7 and 8: t Women who are able to plan their
Page 9 and 10: What are the social and economic be
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER ONE The right to family pla
Page 13 and 14: to—the social, political and econ
Page 15 and 16: 1994 At the International Conferenc
Page 17 and 18: Rights, 2012). The charges had been
Page 19 and 20: health care, which includes family
Page 21 and 22: designing and delivering accessible
Page 23: use, and reduces unintended pregnan
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER TWO Analysing data and tren
Page 29 and 30: through the wealthiest 20 per cent.
Page 31 and 32: pers, advertisements and by word of
Page 33 and 34: cohabitating partner (UNICEF, Offic
Page 35 and 36: methods are several times more effe
Page 37 and 38: Despite the tendency to consolidate
Page 39 and 40: CASE STUDY No-scalpel vasectomy in
Page 41 and 42: contribute to high unmet need (Sing
Page 43 and 44: abortions in the region lead to mor
Page 45 and 46: (as stated in the Convention on the
Page 47 and 48: arriers prevent individuals from ac
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER THREE Challenges in extendi
Page 51 and 52: sources of sexual and reproductive
Page 53 and 54: messages were delivered via a numbe
Page 55 and 56: Ricardo, 2005). Moreover, young and
Page 57 and 58: information and services, including
Page 59 and 60: instances of early sexual initiatio
Page 61 and 62: ut conventional family planning mes
Page 63 and 64: Social Affairs, 2009). Data from 15
Page 65 and 66: Many institutions, providers, and c
Page 67 and 68: groups (Maya, Xinka, and Garifuna)
Page 69 and 70: who are living with HIV and are con
Page 71 and 72: Studies suggest that HIV may have a
Page 73 and 74: with a public health challenge (Wor
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State-run family planning programme
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people in mobile, temporary, and re
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systems and civic participation to
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CHAPTER FOUR The social and economi
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t Community education in Caracas, V
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Estimates of Total Fertility 2010-2
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children, and healthier women also
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empirical evidence supporting this
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y the 1990s was accompanied by incr
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gender equality is much stronger an
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substantially, created new opportun
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CHAPTER FIVE The costs and savings
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Europe; the highest is 64 per cent
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Extending access to meet the unmet
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“family planning” services ofte
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therapy as an inexpensive preventiv
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CHAPTER SIX Making the right to fam
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1 Expand the reach of family planni
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ange of rights. Meeting those oblig
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including indigenous and ethnic min
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4 Increase funding for family plann
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Monitoring Monitoring ICPD ICPD Goa
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Monitoring ICPD Goals Demographic -
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Monitoring ICPD Goals - Selected In
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Bibliography Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohamm
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Delivering a world where every preg
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