08.01.2015 Views

State of World Population 2012 - Country Page List - UNFPA

State of World Population 2012 - Country Page List - UNFPA

State of World Population 2012 - Country Page List - UNFPA

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

pers, advertisements and by word <strong>of</strong> mouth.<br />

Improvements in service infrastructure, the participation<br />

<strong>of</strong> young people in service provision,<br />

the integration <strong>of</strong> sexual and reproductive health<br />

and HIV services, and the frequent solicitation<br />

<strong>of</strong> input from young clients—all <strong>of</strong> these things<br />

have improved the quality <strong>of</strong> the sexual and<br />

reproductive health services and have significantly<br />

increased their use.<br />

The connections between schooling, family<br />

planning use and fertility are most readily<br />

evident in adolescence. But the effects <strong>of</strong> education<br />

on desired family size and contraceptive<br />

use persist into adulthood. The adjacent figure<br />

shows that women with secondary education<br />

use family planning at four times the rate <strong>of</strong><br />

women with no schooling in sub-Saharan<br />

Africa. This effect reflects both preferences for<br />

number <strong>of</strong> children and access to family planning<br />

(<strong>UNFPA</strong>, 2010).<br />

Family planning use and<br />

place <strong>of</strong> residence<br />

Contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa<br />

is double in urban areas than what it is in<br />

rural areas. Many countries, especially the<br />

world’s poorest, struggle to bring services to<br />

rural areas. In addition, people in rural areas<br />

tend to have less access to schooling, another<br />

important correlate <strong>of</strong> preferences for smaller<br />

families and use <strong>of</strong> family planning.<br />

Family planning demand and use evolve<br />

through life<br />

A review <strong>of</strong> global data shows that sexual<br />

activity evolves over a person’s lifetime.<br />

Women and men have sex for different<br />

reasons and under different circumstances<br />

at various times in their lives. Individual<br />

decisions to initiate sex with a partner are<br />

The poorest, least educated<br />

and rural women have the lowest rates<br />

<strong>of</strong> contraceptive use in<br />

Sub-Saharan Africa<br />

EDUCATION<br />

WEALTH<br />

No Education<br />

Primary<br />

Secondary<br />

Poorest 20%<br />

Second<br />

Third<br />

Fourth<br />

Richest 20%<br />

LOCATION<br />

Rural<br />

Urban<br />

10%<br />

10%<br />

13%<br />

18%<br />

17%<br />

24%<br />

25%<br />

34%<br />

42%<br />

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45<br />

PERCENTAGE OF USE<br />

38%<br />

Contraceptive prevalence by background characteristics from 24 sub-Saharan African<br />

countries at most recent survey, 1998-2008 (Percentage <strong>of</strong> women aged 1-49, married<br />

or in union, using any method <strong>of</strong> contraceptive).<br />

Source: Demographic and Health Surveys (calculated using data in Annex III).<br />

50<br />

THE STATE OF WORLD POPULATION <strong>2012</strong><br />

21

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!