Debt: The First 5000 Years - autonomous learning

520 INDEX
Miller, William Ian, 407n54
Millett, Paul, 419n78, 420nn81-84
Lending and Borrowing in Ancient
Athens, 419n78
minas, Mesopotamian, 39, 197
miners; revolts, 444n5
Ming dyanasty, 258, Jlo-3 11, 3 14,
417n54, 433n28, 434n42
Mitcheli-Innes, Alfred, 37, 40, 45--47,
396n8, 396n31
Moctezuma, 355-357
modern banking systems, 448n87
Modern Monetary Theory (MMT). See
Chartalism
Mo Di, 241, 249n50
·Mohammed, Prophet, 169, 224, 271-272,
275, 279, 286, 437--438nn82-83
Mohism, 237, 248, 249n50, 430n65
monarchical hierarchies
absolute power of, 205-207, 325, 331,
385
democracy in, 80, 402n19
See also kings
monasteries, medieval Indian, 253
"monetarism," 375
monetary theories. See economic theories
money, concepts of, 397n11
as commodity, 26, 36, 46, 73-75,
395n25, 396n31
as empowerment, 380
as government creation, 24-25
honor and, 171
as IOU, 73, 74-75
and language, 195
as mathematical concept, 52
measuring value and, 46--48,
396-397nn8-11
philosophical thought about, 244-247
political nature of, 242-345
Rospabe unpayable debt theory on,
13 1-136, 158-159
as social currency, 130, 158, 219
as symbol, 298-302
as symbol of degradation, 188-189
' as unlimited, 245-247
as value made in law, 340, 448n81
money, functions of, 22-23
money, origins of
credit systems and, 73-75, 401n5
early legal practice and, 6o-62
first coins, 224, 230, 426n10, 427n26
in Greece, 24, 394n6
legends about, 403n30
in Mesopotamia, 38--40, 74-75,
401nn2-5
overview, 46--47
primordial debt theory, 55-62, 62-65,
136, 398n30
See also barter, myth of
money, types of
brass, 154, 411n54
cattle, 59-60, 61
copper bars, 150, 152, 411n53,
411nn53-54
fiat money, 53, 270, 364, 430n74
"fiduciary" money, 430n74
in prisons and POW camps, 37
silver, 39, J lo-312, 444nn5-9
tobacco, 26, 38, 75, 166
Money and Early Greek Mind (Seaford),
244
Money and Its Use in Medieval Europe
(Spufford), 396n37
Money and the Early Greek Mind (Seaford),
244
moneylending/moneylenders
Brahmanic doctrine on, 9
Buddhism and, 11-12
Catholic Church on, 10
children sold to, 314
child-selling and, 9, 14, 128-129,
409n7
Christianity and, 283-285, 319,
339n108
creditor vs. debtor guilt, 12-13
dishonesty of, 284
Hindu law codes on, 11
Jewish attitudes toward, 287-290
Jewish roles in, 11, 287-289
legal loopholes in, 289
loan sharks/loan-sharking, 10, 28, 51,
195, 259, 352, 354, 376, 389
in medieval Europe, 11
in medieval France, 9-10
merchants as, 295
in Mesopotamia, 81
in Middle East, 275-276, 436n68
motivations for, 22
negative representations of, 10, 28,
343 ·