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4: CASE STUDY 1: THE ITALIAN/SLOVENIAN BORDER Figure 39: Car being checked before crossing the border at Casa Rossa/Rožna Dolina. Both registration number and chassis number is being checked. Property of Goriški Muzej, Nova Gorica, Slovenia. When the border was established in 1947 two types of crossings were opened, one for farmers who owned land on both sides of the border and one for international crossings. In 1955 agreements were reached between the Italian and Yugoslavian governments which allowed people living in a 10 km radius of the border to cross on a more regular basis using a particular pass, Lasciapassare/Prepustnica (Bufon 1996:249). This meant a third type of crossing was created for local traffic. The earliest crossing points consisted of barriers across existing roads with often just a small wooden hut or structure for the guards. At the international crossing points these stations usually had many buildings to house offices, customs and border guards and often several lanes to route traffic through as demands on these crossings were higher. At smaller, local crossings, there was often just one structure with a roofed area extending over the road so that inspections could easily be carried out in any type of weather. Gates and roadblocks were placed in the road. 99
AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTAIN Name Type Comment San Mauro/Šentmaver Salcano/Solkan 1 Salcano/Solkan 2 San Gabriele/ Erjavčeva ulica Rafut/Pristava Crossing for farmers Crossing for farmers Local crossing Local crossing Crossing for farmers, after 1955 also Local crossing Until 2007 only possible to cross on foot or bicycle Casa Rossa/Rožna Dolina International crossing Opened in September 1947 San Pietro/Šeptember Crossing for farmers, after 1955 also Local crossing San Andrea/Vrtojba 1 International crossing Opened in 1985 San Andrea/Vrtojba 2 Merna/Miren Crossing for farmers Crossing for farmers, after 1955 also Local crossing Figure 40: Table of crossings in the study area. In the study area there were ten crossing points of these three different types, two international, five local crossings and three crossings especially for farmers who owned land on both sides of the border (Figure 40). Until 1985 Casa Rossa/Rožna Dolina was the largest border crossing as it was the main thoroughfare for international traffic in the area. This meant that it was the busiest border crossing and at times, particularly in the late 1940s and the 50s there could be long queues of cars waiting to cross. On the Italian side of the Rožna Dolina crossing, several restaurants and cafes grew up to cater for the people waiting to cross (Figure 42). Since the development of the crossing St Andrea/Vrtojba 1 (Figure 43), which was ready to receive traffic in 1981, created a much more effective link between the major roads of Italy with those in 100
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An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain
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An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain
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Contents Acknowledgements 11 CHAPTE
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The end of a journey 212 Sammanfatt
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AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTAIN
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction Standing on
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1: INTRODUCTION carried out of the
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1: INTRODUCTION they may be… It i
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1: INTRODUCTION where the observer
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1: INTRODUCTION former Iron Curtain
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1: INTRODUCTION criticism from othe
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1: INTRODUCTION itioned somewhere i
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1: INTRODUCTION World War II dividi
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CHAPTER 2 A physical metaphor Concr
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR established
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR The changing
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR the events t
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR As time has
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR highly influ
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR popular idea
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5: CASE STUDY 2: THE CZECH/AUSTRIAN
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Figure 77-78: Painting inside the f
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CHAPTER 6 An archaeology of the Iro
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6: AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTA
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Figure 102: Fence and Watch Tower a
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Sammanfattning (Summary in Swedish)
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SAMMANFATTNING En fysisk metafor I
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SAMMANFATTNING komst och kunskapsf
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SAMMANFATTNING Fältstudier av läm
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SAMMANFATTNING som försöker ta si
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SAMMANFATTNING mets dilemma”. Han
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Södertörn Doctoral Dissertations
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33. Sofie Bedford, Islamic activism
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67. Anne Kaun, Civic Experiences an
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Stockholm Studies in Archaeology Se
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29. LINDGREN, Christina. 2004. Män
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The Iron Curtain was seen as the di
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