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Figure 51: Farm near the Rafut/Pristava crossing divided by the border, 1947. Property of Dino Altran, Gorizia, Italy. Figure 52: American soldiers marking the new border across Merna/Miren cemetery. Property of Goriški Muzej, Nova Gorica, Slovenia.
AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTAIN Another example of where the new border had almost ridiculous consequences is the village of Merna/Miren, located approximately 2.5 km south of Gorizia. The village was to fall within the Yugoslavian territory but its cemetery, which lay right on the edge of the village, was to be divided. After the new border had been determined a line of barbed wire stretched across the cemetery (Figure 52). One of the stories told here is about a man who lived and eventually died on the Italian side of the border. As he was buried in the cemetery his daughter, who lived over the border in Yugoslavia was allowed to attend the funeral but only if she stayed on the Yugoslavian side (Andrej Malnič, Ingela Brezigar and Jacob Marušič pers. comm. 2008). The border has since been changed here and the whole cemetery now belongs to Slovenian territory but the angle of the former border line is still clear when looking at the markings outside the cemetery. After a period the barbed wire was removed and a system of visiting hours were worked out so that people from Italy could visit during certain times and people from Slovenia during others. One time of year, during All Saints’, people could be let in at the same time and these occasions turned into reunions where family and friends met. People also took the opportunity to buy and sell goods (Andrej Malnič, Ingela Brezigar and Jacob Marušič, 2008, pers. comm. 2 nd September). Even though the border zone during these times was much more regulated and controlled than it is today it was also, at least at times, a meeting point and a place for people to react against this control. This resulted in there being more activity in the border area than there is today, not just by the military but also by other actors that had an interest here. Wherever you have a border, or any area of control, there will always be people trying to defy that control and push the boundaries. In the study area the new border in 1947 severed a previously homogenous society and caused major difficulties to the people within that society with many trade routes, markets, family ties, and areas cut off. Many people did not let this development happen without pushing the boundaries, sometimes literally, and constantly working towards a more easily manoeuvred border landscape. Sometimes living by a border could be an advantage. When it became easier for locals to cross the border after 1955 people could cross to buy products that may not be available in their own country. Also differences in prices might mean it was cheaper to buy on the other side of the border or to cross it to sell something. For farmers in Yugoslavia, for example, it was more profitable to cross the border and sell their produce in Italy where prices were higher (Janez, 2008, pers. comm. 6 th September). 110
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An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain
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An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain
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Contents Acknowledgements 11 CHAPTE
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The end of a journey 212 Sammanfatt
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AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTAIN
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction Standing on
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1: INTRODUCTION carried out of the
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1: INTRODUCTION they may be… It i
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1: INTRODUCTION where the observer
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1: INTRODUCTION former Iron Curtain
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1: INTRODUCTION criticism from othe
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1: INTRODUCTION itioned somewhere i
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1: INTRODUCTION World War II dividi
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CHAPTER 2 A physical metaphor Concr
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR established
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR The changing
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR the events t
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR As time has
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR highly influ
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2: A PHYSICAL METAPHOR popular idea
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Figure 77-78: Painting inside the f
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5: CASE STUDY 2: THE CZECH/AUSTRIAN
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CHAPTER 6 An archaeology of the Iro
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6: AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE IRON CURTA
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Figure 102: Fence and Watch Tower a
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Sammanfattning (Summary in Swedish)
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SAMMANFATTNING En fysisk metafor I
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SAMMANFATTNING komst och kunskapsf
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SAMMANFATTNING Fältstudier av läm
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SAMMANFATTNING som försöker ta si
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SAMMANFATTNING mets dilemma”. Han
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Södertörn Doctoral Dissertations
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33. Sofie Bedford, Islamic activism
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67. Anne Kaun, Civic Experiences an
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Stockholm Studies in Archaeology Se
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29. LINDGREN, Christina. 2004. Män
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The Iron Curtain was seen as the di
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