Vegetation of Southeast Asia Studies of Forest Types 1963-1965

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•^fmm -> , -.'•v> > »*ij*«':rfftv-fc- Figure 40.-Riverain or Gallery forest along banks of streams flowing into the Mekong River, eastern Thailand. Average height of canopy in this forest is 50 feet (16 m). Undergrowth is moderately dense. East ot Phibun Mangsahan, near border of southern Laos. Dec. 1963. p Figure 41.-Gallery or riparian forest. During the dry season the rainfall, over the greater part of central and northern Thailand, is too sparse to support Evergreen forest growth. However, the supply of underground moisture along streams and rivers is sufficient for the development of Gallery forest in narrow belts. Characteristic trees in this forest type include Dipterocarpus alatus, D. costatus, and Hopea qdorata. I-iae Hoi, nortnern Thailar^L 126
Figure U2.-Type of vegetation along banks .of streams in Hill or Upper Moist Evergreen forest, in the Khao Yai National Forest, Koât plateau. LLvistona palm and rattans (Calamus spp.) are especially abundant. Nov. 1963. Figure ^3,-Type of riparian vegetation along the middle and upper Kwae Noi River, western Thailand. Bamboos, especially Bambuaa arurtdinacea Thyrsostachys siamensis, are abundant along river banks. Dec. " 127
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Rom D Number Author 0313 ° D Nnt S
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- VEGETATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIA STUD
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FOREWORD This Report on "The Vegeta
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Page Forew
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Figure Page 31. Oblique view of Upp
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Figure ,_ . Page 8't. Basal part of
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Figure Page 132. Desiccating effect
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Summary This Report treats with the
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Laos. It enters Cambodia before it
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THAILAND Field Investigations Durin
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Peninsular Region - continued: Sout
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CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL FOREST T
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system based predominantly on struc
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there are usually three stories, of
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dominants of certain Consociations
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may prevail In widely separated reg
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critical. In general, wind velociti
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woody lianes, is another characteri
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woody lianes, is another characteri
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Gutta-percha of an inferior grade,
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Parkia speeiQsa, Hopea ferrea,Alsto
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This forest type is rather widespre
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Above U,000 ft. (1,200 m.), on the
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while those of Sonneratia, Avicenni
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On the landward margin of Mangrove
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(7) MIXED DECIDUOUS FOREST This for
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The Deciduous Dipterocarp forest is
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include: Bornbax (Salmalia) insigne
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1 , and around farmyards; the arnec
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Thailand is surrounded by the tall,
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usually 30 ft. (10 m.). rê length
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Forest, covering an approximate are
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trunk or branches; and in a clearer
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Perhaps the most important factor i
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were of little practical value for
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It was decided to determine whether
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In the afternoon, we made a series
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a Mangrove swamp facilitates easy,
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PHYSIOGRAPHIC, CLIMATIC AND OTHER F
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the section of the Peninsula south
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The general surface is gently undul
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south. The highest peak is near Bet
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Dark tropical clay soils occur chie
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management based on a sustained yie
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depth of 3 feet (l m.) or more in m
Page 93 and 94: egion, about 20 percent; and in Nor
Page 95 and 96: These areas are now almost entirely
Page 97 and 98: The forests of South Vietnam contai
Page 99 and 100: mountains covering vast areas. The
Page 101 and 102: 17th century. They have not been co
Page 103 and 104: in Thailand and Vietnam. Bat these
Page 105 and 106: ClImate; Laos has a tropical, clima
Page 107 and 108: Topography: The general physiograph
Page 109 and 110: forcing its impact. 03, tbe vegetat
Page 111 and 112: found also in western Cambodia in t
Page 113 and 114: Plant Families In Southeast Asia, P
Page 115 and 116: Thailand S. Vietnam Pjerto Rico Tex
Page 117 and 118: PART II FORESTS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA M
Page 119 and 120: ^•4''- lT».o«n'*V>- M^ *"*V
Page 121 and 122: Figure 3.-Mountain ranges and river
Page 123 and 124: C F -20--w rr.":- -•—^ l-M-fgpp
Page 125 and 126: L A O S A N / 1 •*' ^ (, THAILAND
Page 127 and 128: '""} Nrfm (hnh" 7 ' '/ r -I „ s'^
Page 129 and 130: Figure 11..Major forest trpes of Vi
Page 131 and 132: Figure lU.-Bamboos and banana are t
Page 133 and 134: Figure 18.-The tall "yang khao 1 tr
Page 135 and 136: ife," ^'-tf/5fcr~ Figure 22.-Evergr
Page 137 and 138: Figure 26.-Upper or Hill Moist Ever
Page 139 and 140: Figure 30.-Profile of Lover Montane
Page 141 and 142: Figure 3^«-Aroids in low znoist si
Page 143: Fi/iure 38.-Semi-Evergreen forest b
Page 147 and 148: Figure 46.-A transition /rcm Evergr
Page 149 and 150: Figu,-^ 50,-Two-needled pine (Pinus
Page 151 and 152: Figure 5*4. -Temperate Evergreen fo
Page 153 and 154: Figure 5&.-Mangrove wcodland submer
Page 155 and 156: **' r^- :Â'^T-^ w S 1^ '^^^^^>^s-
Page 157 and 158: Figure 66.-Fresh water swamp around
Page 159 and 160: Figxire 70.-Mixed Semi-Evergreen fo
Page 161 and 162: Figure Y'i.-Teak plantation (Tecton
Page 163 and 164: 'i-ure 'i';: .-Jeni-1'.ver-reer; fo
Page 165 and 166: Figure 82.-'Krang' (Ficus altissima
Page 167 and 168: Figure 86.-Dipterocarp forest with
Page 169 and 170: » •*. -'- Figure 90.-Dry Diptero
Page 171 and 172: Figure 9^.-Forest road on heavy, re
Page 173 and 174: L~ure 96.-Clo.OG-;.p o;' branc'-er,
Page 175 and 176: Figure 102.-Bamboo brake (Dendrocal
Page 177 and 178: if.ure iC/j.-v.'ooded savanna with
Page 179 and 180: Figure 110.-Wooded pseudo-steppe wi
Page 181 and 182: Figure II' 1 .-In deforested areas,
Page 183 and 184: Figure 116.-Deforested land, foregr
Page 185 and 186: Figure 122.-Open Dtpterocarp forest
Page 187 and 188: Figure 12G.-.Secondary growth in Dr
Page 189 and 190: Figure 130.-Dr. Robert A. Darrow, B
Page 191 and 192: .•••••^•^^ •-'-', ,1.
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CONTRIBUTION TOWARD A BIBLIOGRAPHY
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The author was Associate in Anthrop
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. Notes on a camphor-yielding tree
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An annotated bibliography of the So
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East Meets West in Thailand. 17 pp.
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Bates, M. Observations on tue Distr
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development in South and Southeast
Page 208 and 209:
Bourret, R. Etudes ge'ologiques sur
Page 210 and 211:
Burkill, I. H. .Begonia hanifi'i, a
Page 212 and 213:
Tests were made in Gabon, West Afri
Page 214 and 215:
Chapman, V,J. The application of ae
Page 216 and 217:
Cooper, F. G, Munsell manual of col
Page 218 and 219:
. Orophea pclycarpa and Artabotrys
Page 220 and 221:
Deignan, H. G. Siara —land of fre
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__ . Les Proble'mes d" utilisation
Page 224 and 225:
Fletcher, H.R, The Siamese Verbenac
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in the Philippine Islands, launched
Page 228 and 229:
Gairdner, K. G. Notes on the fauna
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arts, archaelogy and architecture;
Page 232 and 233:
Harvard .University Library. Indoch
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A revision, including Thai species.
Page 236 and 237:
Beitrage zur Flora Thailand. Beih,
Page 238 and 239:
Hutchinson, J. Revision of Aspidopt
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observations on 'The jungle coverin
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adding a 25 percent severance tax t
Page 244 and 245:
Itetnircma brae teat a A.F.G. Kerr.
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peak in Thailand, and from Bangkok
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Santiria and Canariuin. Bull. Jard.
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This is a report on the economic co
Page 252 and 253:
The bibliography contains 12 titles
Page 254 and 255:
Markgraf, F. Monographie der Gat tu
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is one of a series describing the n
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. Agriculture in Thailand. 231 pp.
Page 260 and 261:
Munsell, A.E.G. MunseH Book of Colo
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This is a compilation of survey dat
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educed height growth. There was als
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may hold back even 20 percent of th
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an old name of the principal town,
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Analyses of some Siamese laterites.
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A cursory analysis of data gathered
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Ratanaprasidhi, M. Forewt- Industri
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A postscript treats with the future
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. The Gesneriaceae of the Malay Pen
Page 280 and 281:
Robbe, E. Etude des lois d'accroise
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a forest reserve at Kalat; and one
Page 284 and 285:
., and P. Tripetch. Liming experime
Page 286 and 287:
Satow, E.M., C.E.W. Stringer and ot
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woods used mrdicinally or as source
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Dipterocarpus obtusifolius is found
Page 292 and 293:
Stephens, W.M. Mangroves: Trees tha
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; Tangraonkol. T. Yam bean cultivat
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experiments on the forests of almos
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. World peanut production at near-r
Page 300 and 301:
Wager, J.V.K. Uses of aerial photog
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even though it does not tell MS muc
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Williams, F.N. The botany of Siam.
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G E N E R A L I N U E X Abies sp. A
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Charcoal. — —59, '8 Charenmayou
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Dwarf trees Dye 93 36,79 Dyera co_s
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Juniper -92 Kabinburi Kachawng - 5
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Monsoon i'orest . 3, M, 67,89 -32,3
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Puerto Rico, vegetation 91 Pulse" r
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.'Si-' Tak ................. 6,27,3
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Vaccinium sp. ------29 Vaico 77 Val
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