Vegetation of Southeast Asia Studies of Forest Types 1963-1965

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educed height growth. There was also a reduction in height growth by the removal of 1-year old foliage. Current foliage was found to be essential for the maintenance of normal height, diameter and shoot growth. Its removal induced high bud mortality, the production of profuse adventitious growth, and a reduction in the rate of s'-ioot elongation. Complete defoliation resulted in the deatu of the tree shortly thereafter. Growth reduction resulting from some of the treatments following defoliation soon showed infestation by the Swaine jack-pine sawfly (:-ieodiprion swainei i'ddd.). ' The results are compared with those obtained by several other workers in the field. O'Neill, H.T., and :-l.J. Nagel. The Minyt hoc cope: an instrument for viewing any type of pnotography in gradually decreasing size (or scale) for many purposes. Part IV. Instrumental aids in Photointerpretation. Fhotogranmetric Engineering. 533-535. June 1057. The minythoscope is an Instrument desinr.ed to facilitate observation and the comparative study of ocjects as t'.iey become smaller in size, in order to discover wr.ttt general principles, If any, are involved when details vanish and coalesce into a new but often characteristic configuration. Orleans, ITinee H.d 1 . Arcur.a Tonkin and Siam. i-xii, -^26 pp. illastr. 1 folded map. London. It*-A, An Anglian translation oy C. 3. Putnam of this traveller's account,with botanical cenervations. •rom Tonkin to India oy the source of trie Irawa/ii, January r 95 - January '96. i-xii, -v pp. illustr. 1698. Includes, on pages '*ZO-'-31, a list of plants collected' by A. i-'ranchet. Gstenfeld, C.H. A list of plants collected in the Raheng District, Upper Siam, by Mr. K. Linhard, determined by C.3. Clarke, 3. Hieronymuc, 0. Stspf ar.d published by the octanical .'.taseum of Copenhagen. Jull. Herb. 2oiss. 3er. II. ; (c}: 7C9-72-*. July 1^05. . . A systematic enumeration; includes ferns, seed plants and one fur.û:;, with several new species. Utricularia duae novae Giamenses. Kecert, 3r. Ilov. .-'edde 2: ^.^->^. 1900. U. si amen sis and 'J. bcsminil'era; new species collected by J. Schmidt. Oweas, J.3. Better yields with fertilizers. Intl. Rice Ccr.m. "-,'evs Utter 7: 7-9- 1953.
Panyalaksana, P. Characteristics of some varieties of rice. Kasikorn 23 (5): 325-332. 1950. _ ., rjid s. Bhakdi. Influence of the time of harvesting on the milling quality of paddy. Kasikorn 26 (3): 317-331. 1953- Pr-.V'T>uhna, P. Obstacles in increasing the upland crop production in "the northeast. Kasikorn 2 (3): 236-238. Pasquier, P. Les colonisation des terres incultes. Gouvernement Ge*n£!ral » de 1'Indochine. . Bulletin No. 2. 18 pp. Saigon. 1918. Treats with the settlement of uncultivated land. Patrick, R. A ttoconomic and distributional study of some diatoms from * Siara and the Federated Malay States. Proc. .A cad. Philadelphia 88: 367^70. . 11 plates. 1937. Contains an extensive bibliography on paês Ui8-U70. Paulson, R. Lichens from Kaw Tao, an island in the Gulf of Siara. Journ. Siam. Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl. 8 (2): 99-101. 1930. A list of collections by A.F.G. Kerr. Pelzer, K.J. An economic svu /ey of the Pacific area. Part I: Population and land utilization. 15 pp. 188 tables.. Inst. Pacific Relations. New York. 19141, This is cue of a group of monographs designed to bring up to date the Economic Handbook of tiie Pacific Area, published by the Institute of Pacific Relations in 193'*. Pendleton, R. L. Some interrelations between agriculture and forestry, particularly in Thailand. Jour. Thailand Research Society' 12 (1); 33-5. 8 figs. Bangkok. Dec. 3939. This paper calls attention to some. of the less well-known facts and relationship between forests, climate and agriculture. In the humid tropics agriculture and forestry are very closely related, as contrasted with conditions in temperate regions where, in some respects, horticultural, agronomic and forestry methods and practices are relatively distinct. Inasmuch as forestry methods are increasingly important in the conservation and management of the soil in tropical regions, and the methods of producing certain upland crops are not generally understood, it seems worth while to consider some of these methods. Certain misconceptions regarding the interrelationships between forests and climate are mentioned, because of their immediate effect on some agricultural problems. A rather different emphasis regarding these interrelationsnips is noted, hence some of the statements may seem radical. The purpose of the emphasis is to attempt to discount certain conceptions regarding the effects of forests which, though generally held, are still far from being definitely proved. Forests, although they transpire much water from the soil, and 21*7
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Rom D Number Author 0313 ° D Nnt S
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- VEGETATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIA STUD
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FOREWORD This Report on "The Vegeta
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Page Forew
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Figure Page 31. Oblique view of Upp
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Figure ,_ . Page 8't. Basal part of
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Figure Page 132. Desiccating effect
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Summary This Report treats with the
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Laos. It enters Cambodia before it
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THAILAND Field Investigations Durin
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Peninsular Region - continued: Sout
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CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL FOREST T
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system based predominantly on struc
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there are usually three stories, of
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dominants of certain Consociations
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may prevail In widely separated reg
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critical. In general, wind velociti
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woody lianes, is another characteri
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woody lianes, is another characteri
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Gutta-percha of an inferior grade,
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Parkia speeiQsa, Hopea ferrea,Alsto
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This forest type is rather widespre
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Above U,000 ft. (1,200 m.), on the
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while those of Sonneratia, Avicenni
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On the landward margin of Mangrove
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(7) MIXED DECIDUOUS FOREST This for
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The Deciduous Dipterocarp forest is
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include: Bornbax (Salmalia) insigne
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1 , and around farmyards; the arnec
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Thailand is surrounded by the tall,
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usually 30 ft. (10 m.). rê length
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Forest, covering an approximate are
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trunk or branches; and in a clearer
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Perhaps the most important factor i
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were of little practical value for
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It was decided to determine whether
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In the afternoon, we made a series
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a Mangrove swamp facilitates easy,
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PHYSIOGRAPHIC, CLIMATIC AND OTHER F
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the section of the Peninsula south
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The general surface is gently undul
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south. The highest peak is near Bet
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Dark tropical clay soils occur chie
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management based on a sustained yie
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depth of 3 feet (l m.) or more in m
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egion, about 20 percent; and in Nor
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These areas are now almost entirely
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The forests of South Vietnam contai
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mountains covering vast areas. The
Page 101 and 102:
17th century. They have not been co
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in Thailand and Vietnam. Bat these
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ClImate; Laos has a tropical, clima
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Topography: The general physiograph
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forcing its impact. 03, tbe vegetat
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found also in western Cambodia in t
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Plant Families In Southeast Asia, P
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Thailand S. Vietnam Pjerto Rico Tex
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PART II FORESTS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA M
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^•4''- lT».o«n'*V>- M^ *"*V
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Figure 3.-Mountain ranges and river
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C F -20--w rr.":- -•—^ l-M-fgpp
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L A O S A N / 1 •*' ^ (, THAILAND
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'""} Nrfm (hnh" 7 ' '/ r -I „ s'^
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Figure 11..Major forest trpes of Vi
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Figure lU.-Bamboos and banana are t
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Figure 18.-The tall "yang khao 1 tr
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ife," ^'-tf/5fcr~ Figure 22.-Evergr
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Figure 26.-Upper or Hill Moist Ever
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Figure 30.-Profile of Lover Montane
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Figure 3^«-Aroids in low znoist si
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Fi/iure 38.-Semi-Evergreen forest b
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Figure U2.-Type of vegetation along
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Figure 46.-A transition /rcm Evergr
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Figu,-^ 50,-Two-needled pine (Pinus
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Figure 5*4. -Temperate Evergreen fo
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Figure 5&.-Mangrove wcodland submer
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**' r^- :Â'^T-^ w S 1^ '^^^^^>^s-
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Figure 66.-Fresh water swamp around
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Figxire 70.-Mixed Semi-Evergreen fo
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Figure Y'i.-Teak plantation (Tecton
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'i-ure 'i';: .-Jeni-1'.ver-reer; fo
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Figure 82.-'Krang' (Ficus altissima
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Figure 86.-Dipterocarp forest with
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» •*. -'- Figure 90.-Dry Diptero
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Figure 9^.-Forest road on heavy, re
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L~ure 96.-Clo.OG-;.p o;' branc'-er,
Page 175 and 176:
Figure 102.-Bamboo brake (Dendrocal
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if.ure iC/j.-v.'ooded savanna with
Page 179 and 180:
Figure 110.-Wooded pseudo-steppe wi
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Figure II' 1 .-In deforested areas,
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Figure 116.-Deforested land, foregr
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Figure 122.-Open Dtpterocarp forest
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Figure 12G.-.Secondary growth in Dr
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Figure 130.-Dr. Robert A. Darrow, B
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.•••••^•^^ •-'-', ,1.
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CONTRIBUTION TOWARD A BIBLIOGRAPHY
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The author was Associate in Anthrop
Page 198 and 199:
. Notes on a camphor-yielding tree
Page 200 and 201:
An annotated bibliography of the So
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East Meets West in Thailand. 17 pp.
Page 204 and 205:
Bates, M. Observations on tue Distr
Page 206 and 207:
development in South and Southeast
Page 208 and 209:
Bourret, R. Etudes ge'ologiques sur
Page 210 and 211:
Burkill, I. H. .Begonia hanifi'i, a
Page 212 and 213:
Tests were made in Gabon, West Afri
Page 214 and 215: Chapman, V,J. The application of ae
Page 216 and 217: Cooper, F. G, Munsell manual of col
Page 218 and 219: . Orophea pclycarpa and Artabotrys
Page 220 and 221: Deignan, H. G. Siara —land of fre
Page 222 and 223: __ . Les Proble'mes d" utilisation
Page 224 and 225: Fletcher, H.R, The Siamese Verbenac
Page 226 and 227: in the Philippine Islands, launched
Page 228 and 229: Gairdner, K. G. Notes on the fauna
Page 230 and 231: arts, archaelogy and architecture;
Page 232 and 233: Harvard .University Library. Indoch
Page 234 and 235: A revision, including Thai species.
Page 236 and 237: Beitrage zur Flora Thailand. Beih,
Page 238 and 239: Hutchinson, J. Revision of Aspidopt
Page 240 and 241: observations on 'The jungle coverin
Page 242 and 243: adding a 25 percent severance tax t
Page 244 and 245: Itetnircma brae teat a A.F.G. Kerr.
Page 246 and 247: peak in Thailand, and from Bangkok
Page 248 and 249: Santiria and Canariuin. Bull. Jard.
Page 250 and 251: This is a report on the economic co
Page 252 and 253: The bibliography contains 12 titles
Page 254 and 255: Markgraf, F. Monographie der Gat tu
Page 256 and 257: is one of a series describing the n
Page 258 and 259: . Agriculture in Thailand. 231 pp.
Page 260 and 261: Munsell, A.E.G. MunseH Book of Colo
Page 262 and 263: This is a compilation of survey dat
Page 266 and 267: may hold back even 20 percent of th
Page 268 and 269: an old name of the principal town,
Page 270 and 271: Analyses of some Siamese laterites.
Page 272 and 273: A cursory analysis of data gathered
Page 274 and 275: Ratanaprasidhi, M. Forewt- Industri
Page 276 and 277: A postscript treats with the future
Page 278 and 279: . The Gesneriaceae of the Malay Pen
Page 280 and 281: Robbe, E. Etude des lois d'accroise
Page 282 and 283: a forest reserve at Kalat; and one
Page 284 and 285: ., and P. Tripetch. Liming experime
Page 286 and 287: Satow, E.M., C.E.W. Stringer and ot
Page 288 and 289: woods used mrdicinally or as source
Page 290 and 291: Dipterocarpus obtusifolius is found
Page 292 and 293: Stephens, W.M. Mangroves: Trees tha
Page 294 and 295: ; Tangraonkol. T. Yam bean cultivat
Page 296 and 297: experiments on the forests of almos
Page 298 and 299: . World peanut production at near-r
Page 300 and 301: Wager, J.V.K. Uses of aerial photog
Page 302 and 303: even though it does not tell MS muc
Page 304 and 305: Williams, F.N. The botany of Siam.
Page 306 and 307: G E N E R A L I N U E X Abies sp. A
Page 308 and 309: Charcoal. — —59, '8 Charenmayou
Page 310 and 311: Dwarf trees Dye 93 36,79 Dyera co_s
Page 312 and 313: Juniper -92 Kabinburi Kachawng - 5
Page 314 and 315:
Monsoon i'orest . 3, M, 67,89 -32,3
Page 316 and 317:
Puerto Rico, vegetation 91 Pulse" r
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.'Si-' Tak ................. 6,27,3
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Vaccinium sp. ------29 Vaico 77 Val
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