Vegetation of Southeast Asia Studies of Forest Types 1963-1965

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i'lgore 100.-Casuarina trees are characteristic along beaches, and are often planted for windbreak and to prevent soil erosion. Huay Yang, central peninsular Thailand. Feb. 1965. «*t\'.' ; '!W> :'.-,. '• PV*1." 'V '"!•, ' :" ,.'" • \,x* ;^'V^-tiT**-'*,,. .^r^^Vr'i;- .}, V •j < W'i'.'j5«4'"-- ! -'C! . -i- ; v»'" •t*---j ^-'-^Îf^s^-l -^.r..-v3r^'»«AW- • •£•• / Figure 101.-Btunboo brakes, especially the tall, anned Bojnbusa arundinacea, and star.do of soi't-wooded 'ngiu' tree (Bpmbax malabaricug) are frequent in clearings and along the banks of rivers and streams, Middle Khwae Noi River, western Thailand. Dec. 1963. 156
Figure 102.-Bamboo brake (Dendrocalamus strictus). Mobility in this type of vegetation is somewhat difficult. Forest Station near Tak, northwestern Thailand. Jan. 19&4-. VV Figure 103.-Rice paddies northeast of Bangkok. Part of crop (light colored) has already been harvested. Hamlets and farm-houses are surrounded by bamboos, especially Bambusa blumenea and Thyrsostachys siamensis, for windbreak, and fruit trees. Moving objects, can readily be detected from the air, whether in harvested or unharvested rice patches, and craft traveling on the 'khlongs 1 (man-made canals). Near Saraburi, central plain. Nov. 1963. 137
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Rom D Number Author 0313 ° D Nnt S
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- VEGETATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIA STUD
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FOREWORD This Report on "The Vegeta
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Page Forew
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Figure Page 31. Oblique view of Upp
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Figure ,_ . Page 8't. Basal part of
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Figure Page 132. Desiccating effect
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Summary This Report treats with the
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Laos. It enters Cambodia before it
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THAILAND Field Investigations Durin
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Peninsular Region - continued: Sout
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CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL FOREST T
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system based predominantly on struc
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there are usually three stories, of
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dominants of certain Consociations
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may prevail In widely separated reg
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critical. In general, wind velociti
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woody lianes, is another characteri
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woody lianes, is another characteri
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Gutta-percha of an inferior grade,
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Parkia speeiQsa, Hopea ferrea,Alsto
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This forest type is rather widespre
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Above U,000 ft. (1,200 m.), on the
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while those of Sonneratia, Avicenni
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On the landward margin of Mangrove
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(7) MIXED DECIDUOUS FOREST This for
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The Deciduous Dipterocarp forest is
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include: Bornbax (Salmalia) insigne
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1 , and around farmyards; the arnec
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Thailand is surrounded by the tall,
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usually 30 ft. (10 m.). rê length
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Forest, covering an approximate are
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trunk or branches; and in a clearer
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Perhaps the most important factor i
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were of little practical value for
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It was decided to determine whether
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In the afternoon, we made a series
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a Mangrove swamp facilitates easy,
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PHYSIOGRAPHIC, CLIMATIC AND OTHER F
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the section of the Peninsula south
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The general surface is gently undul
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south. The highest peak is near Bet
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Dark tropical clay soils occur chie
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management based on a sustained yie
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depth of 3 feet (l m.) or more in m
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egion, about 20 percent; and in Nor
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These areas are now almost entirely
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The forests of South Vietnam contai
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mountains covering vast areas. The
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17th century. They have not been co
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in Thailand and Vietnam. Bat these
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ClImate; Laos has a tropical, clima
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Topography: The general physiograph
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forcing its impact. 03, tbe vegetat
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found also in western Cambodia in t
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Plant Families In Southeast Asia, P
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Thailand S. Vietnam Pjerto Rico Tex
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PART II FORESTS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA M
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^•4''- lT».o«n'*V>- M^ *"*V
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Figure 3.-Mountain ranges and river
Page 123 and 124: C F -20--w rr.":- -•—^ l-M-fgpp
Page 125 and 126: L A O S A N / 1 •*' ^ (, THAILAND
Page 127 and 128: '""} Nrfm (hnh" 7 ' '/ r -I „ s'^
Page 129 and 130: Figure 11..Major forest trpes of Vi
Page 131 and 132: Figure lU.-Bamboos and banana are t
Page 133 and 134: Figure 18.-The tall "yang khao 1 tr
Page 135 and 136: ife," ^'-tf/5fcr~ Figure 22.-Evergr
Page 137 and 138: Figure 26.-Upper or Hill Moist Ever
Page 139 and 140: Figure 30.-Profile of Lover Montane
Page 141 and 142: Figure 3^«-Aroids in low znoist si
Page 143 and 144: Fi/iure 38.-Semi-Evergreen forest b
Page 145 and 146: Figure U2.-Type of vegetation along
Page 147 and 148: Figure 46.-A transition /rcm Evergr
Page 149 and 150: Figu,-^ 50,-Two-needled pine (Pinus
Page 151 and 152: Figure 5*4. -Temperate Evergreen fo
Page 153 and 154: Figure 5&.-Mangrove wcodland submer
Page 155 and 156: **' r^- :Â'^T-^ w S 1^ '^^^^^>^s-
Page 157 and 158: Figure 66.-Fresh water swamp around
Page 159 and 160: Figxire 70.-Mixed Semi-Evergreen fo
Page 161 and 162: Figure Y'i.-Teak plantation (Tecton
Page 163 and 164: 'i-ure 'i';: .-Jeni-1'.ver-reer; fo
Page 165 and 166: Figure 82.-'Krang' (Ficus altissima
Page 167 and 168: Figure 86.-Dipterocarp forest with
Page 169 and 170: » •*. -'- Figure 90.-Dry Diptero
Page 171 and 172: Figure 9^.-Forest road on heavy, re
Page 173: L~ure 96.-Clo.OG-;.p o;' branc'-er,
Page 177 and 178: if.ure iC/j.-v.'ooded savanna with
Page 179 and 180: Figure 110.-Wooded pseudo-steppe wi
Page 181 and 182: Figure II' 1 .-In deforested areas,
Page 183 and 184: Figure 116.-Deforested land, foregr
Page 185 and 186: Figure 122.-Open Dtpterocarp forest
Page 187 and 188: Figure 12G.-.Secondary growth in Dr
Page 189 and 190: Figure 130.-Dr. Robert A. Darrow, B
Page 191 and 192: .•••••^•^^ •-'-', ,1.
Page 194 and 195: CONTRIBUTION TOWARD A BIBLIOGRAPHY
Page 196 and 197: The author was Associate in Anthrop
Page 198 and 199: . Notes on a camphor-yielding tree
Page 200 and 201: An annotated bibliography of the So
Page 202 and 203: East Meets West in Thailand. 17 pp.
Page 204 and 205: Bates, M. Observations on tue Distr
Page 206 and 207: development in South and Southeast
Page 208 and 209: Bourret, R. Etudes ge'ologiques sur
Page 210 and 211: Burkill, I. H. .Begonia hanifi'i, a
Page 212 and 213: Tests were made in Gabon, West Afri
Page 214 and 215: Chapman, V,J. The application of ae
Page 216 and 217: Cooper, F. G, Munsell manual of col
Page 218 and 219: . Orophea pclycarpa and Artabotrys
Page 220 and 221: Deignan, H. G. Siara —land of fre
Page 222 and 223: __ . Les Proble'mes d" utilisation
Page 224 and 225:
Fletcher, H.R, The Siamese Verbenac
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in the Philippine Islands, launched
Page 228 and 229:
Gairdner, K. G. Notes on the fauna
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arts, archaelogy and architecture;
Page 232 and 233:
Harvard .University Library. Indoch
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A revision, including Thai species.
Page 236 and 237:
Beitrage zur Flora Thailand. Beih,
Page 238 and 239:
Hutchinson, J. Revision of Aspidopt
Page 240 and 241:
observations on 'The jungle coverin
Page 242 and 243:
adding a 25 percent severance tax t
Page 244 and 245:
Itetnircma brae teat a A.F.G. Kerr.
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peak in Thailand, and from Bangkok
Page 248 and 249:
Santiria and Canariuin. Bull. Jard.
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This is a report on the economic co
Page 252 and 253:
The bibliography contains 12 titles
Page 254 and 255:
Markgraf, F. Monographie der Gat tu
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is one of a series describing the n
Page 258 and 259:
. Agriculture in Thailand. 231 pp.
Page 260 and 261:
Munsell, A.E.G. MunseH Book of Colo
Page 262 and 263:
This is a compilation of survey dat
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educed height growth. There was als
Page 266 and 267:
may hold back even 20 percent of th
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an old name of the principal town,
Page 270 and 271:
Analyses of some Siamese laterites.
Page 272 and 273:
A cursory analysis of data gathered
Page 274 and 275:
Ratanaprasidhi, M. Forewt- Industri
Page 276 and 277:
A postscript treats with the future
Page 278 and 279:
. The Gesneriaceae of the Malay Pen
Page 280 and 281:
Robbe, E. Etude des lois d'accroise
Page 282 and 283:
a forest reserve at Kalat; and one
Page 284 and 285:
., and P. Tripetch. Liming experime
Page 286 and 287:
Satow, E.M., C.E.W. Stringer and ot
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woods used mrdicinally or as source
Page 290 and 291:
Dipterocarpus obtusifolius is found
Page 292 and 293:
Stephens, W.M. Mangroves: Trees tha
Page 294 and 295:
; Tangraonkol. T. Yam bean cultivat
Page 296 and 297:
experiments on the forests of almos
Page 298 and 299:
. World peanut production at near-r
Page 300 and 301:
Wager, J.V.K. Uses of aerial photog
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even though it does not tell MS muc
Page 304 and 305:
Williams, F.N. The botany of Siam.
Page 306 and 307:
G E N E R A L I N U E X Abies sp. A
Page 308 and 309:
Charcoal. — —59, '8 Charenmayou
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Dwarf trees Dye 93 36,79 Dyera co_s
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Juniper -92 Kabinburi Kachawng - 5
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Monsoon i'orest . 3, M, 67,89 -32,3
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Puerto Rico, vegetation 91 Pulse" r
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.'Si-' Tak ................. 6,27,3
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Vaccinium sp. ------29 Vaico 77 Val
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Vegetation of Southeast Asia Studies of Forest Types 1963-1965

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