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Regions Arab States (20 countries or territories) Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, State of Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen East Asia and the Pacific (24 countries) Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Viet Nam Europe and Central Asia 1 (31 countries) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Republic of Moldova, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Latin America and the Caribbean (33 countries) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Plurinational State of Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela South Asia (9 countries) Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka Sub-Saharan Africa (46 countries) Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Swaziland, United Republic of Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe Note: Countries included in aggregates for Least Developed Countries and Small Island Developing States follow UN classifications, which are available at www.unohrlls.org. 1. The former socialist countries of Europe and Central Asia that have undergone a political and economic transformation since 1989–1991 as well as Cyprus, Malta and Turkey. 198 | HUMAN DevELoPMENt REPort 2013
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Seth. 2011. “Multidimensional Poverty Index 2011: Brief Methodological Note.” University of Oxford, Department of International Development, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative, Oxford, UK. www.ophi.org.uk/multidimensional -poverty-index-2011-brief- methodological-note/. Accessed 15 February 2012. Alkire, S., and J. Foster. 2010. “Designing the Inequality- Adjusted Human Development Index (HDI).” Human Development Research Paper 2010/28. UNDP–HDRO, New York. http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2010/papers/ HDRP_2010_28.pdf. Anand, S., and A. Sen. 2000. “The Income Component of the Human Development Index.” Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 1(1): 83–106. Athukorala, Prema-chandra. 2012. “Asian Trade Flows: Trends, Patterns and Prospects.” Japan and the World Economy 24: 150–62. Barro, R. J., and J. W. Lee. 2010. A New Data Set of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950–2010. Working Paper 15902. 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IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2012. PARLINE database. www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm. Accessed 15 May 2012. ITU (International Telecommunication Union). 2012. World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. www. itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/. Accessed 15 October 2012. IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources). 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed 15 April 2012. LIS (Luxembourg Income Study). 2012. “Luxembourg Income Study Project.” www.lisproject.org/techdoc.htm. Accessed 15 May 2012. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2010. Programme for International Student Assessment. www.oecd.org/edu/pisa/2009. Accessed 30 March 2012. OECD-DAC (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development–Development Assistance Committee). 2012. Aid statistics database. www.oecd.org/dac/ aidstatistics/. Accessed 15 October 2012. 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W N S E Human Development Report 20
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Human Development Report 2013 The R
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Human Development Report 2013 Team
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Finally, the Report also calls for
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Musa, Thangaval Palanivel, Anuradha
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3.6 India’s Supreme Court issues
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Overview One of the most heartening
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Human Development Report also stres
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sudden opening but of gradual and s
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two scenarios for 2010-2050: a base
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messages and demands challenge gove
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Introduction When developed economi
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leading economies—Brazil, China a
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comparable access to information, e
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mobile phones: cellular banking is
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“The political problem of mankind
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Box 1.1 Fairness, macroeconomics an
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Box 1.3 Amartya Sen, Nobel Laureate
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Figure 1.1 Income per capita is ris
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Box 1.4 Subjective indicators of we
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Figure 1.4 There is notable variati
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Figure 1.6 Most regions show declin
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Progress in human development achie
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Box 1.7 Social competencies: human
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Table 1.3 Inequality and satisfacti
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Not all countries have the precondi
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“When the music changes, so does
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Box 2.1 The South’s integration w
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Figure 2.1 As a share of world merc
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Box 2.2 Acquisitions by the South o
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Figure 2.3 Between 2000 and 2010, I
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Figure 2.4 Export earnings per capi
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Box 2.6 Final assembly is about mor
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Instead of having a centre of indus
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Figure 2.6 Emerging market economie
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developing countries trade more amo
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“We cannot expect that all nation
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Table 3.1 Selected developing count
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A common feature of countries that
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More important than getting prices
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Box 3.5 Eastern Europe and Central
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states have to be conscious that th
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As countries develop, they tend to
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Having weathered the Asian financia
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providing public services that cont
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Advancing health requires more than
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Universal public health and educati
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• China. The Minimum Livelihood G
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“Each generation will reap what t
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concerns will make for a complex en
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A greater emphasis on education can
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Figure 4.1 Under the fast track sce
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Around the world people are calling
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Figure 4.4 Different environmental
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Figure 4.5 Education policies can a
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Box 4.2 China and Ghana: who benefi
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Figure 4.8 countries thus converge
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“Let us join hands to try to crea
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Areas of global international conce
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Addressing climate change requires
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International governance is increas
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Box 5.2 Jo Leinen, Member of the Eu
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facilitates reserve investments and
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esponsible sovereignty takes the lo
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Figure 5.1 Under the accelerated pr
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Good policymaking requires greater
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a fair and less unequal world requi
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Notes Overview 1 Atsmon and others
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25 Blinder 2006. 26 UNIDO 2009. 27
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which is 61.7 deaths per 1,000 live
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References Abdurazakov, A., A. Mins
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urban_world_cities_and_the_rise_of_
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Kamau, P., D. McCormick, and N. Pin
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Labor Administration. Geneva: Inter
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Statistical acknowledgements The Re
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Key to HDI countries and ranks, 201
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Page 159 and 160: Human Development Report 2013 The R
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