94Table 4.1 Chemical Analysis <strong>of</strong> Eyebars 1 <strong>and</strong> 2Chemistry Results, Weight %Element Sample, E1 Sample, E2Carbon 0.008 0.030Manganese 0.02
95Table 4.2 Tensile Coupon Test Results for EyebarsCouponIDAvg.AreaTensileLoadModulus<strong>of</strong>Elasticity(in 2 ) (lbs) (ksi)YieldStrength(psi)(.002<strong>of</strong>fset)TensileStrength(psi)PercentElong.(%)8"GaugeLengthStrainHarden.Exp.StrengthCoeff.(ksi)BF-E1-NR1 0.598 26,939 27,554 30,500 44,000 8.59 0.19 78.24BF-E1-NR2 0.595 25,720 27,154 31,000 42,500 7.81 0.20 76.69BF-E1-NR3 0.595 27,300 27,034 32,000 45,500 21.09 0.20 80.12BF-E1-H1 0.612 29,700 27,605 31,500 48,500 10.15 0.21 90.30BF-E2-NR1 0.609 30,400 27,884 33,000 48,000 10.94 0.15 70.88BF-E2-NR2 0.607 31,200 28,695 35,000 50,000 16.41 0.21 88.58BF-E2-H1 0.613 29,100 27,586 32,000 47,500 8.59 0.20 80.12BF-E2-H2 0.562 29,300 28,641 33,000 52,000 17.18 0.20 86.80BF-E2-H3 0.594 30,300 28,397 32,000 50,500 15.625 0.19 82.65BF-E3-M1 0.538 21,000 26,731 31,000 37,500 3.125 0.13 65.26BF-E4-NR1 0.991 47,500 27,811 32,500 47,500 12.5 0.15 68.45BF-E4-NR2 0.988 49,000 27,575 32,000 49,000 17.19 0.19 81.50BF-E4-NR3 0.993 49,400 27,153 30,000 49,000 15.625 0.19 81.66BF-E4-NR4 1.000 50,300 27,590 32,500 50,000 15.625 0.22 89.77BF-E5-W1 0.936 42,100 27,732 30,000 44,500 7.032 0.18 78.89BF-E5-W2 0.937 42,600 27,836 30,000 45,000 7.8125 0.19 82.21BF-E5-W3 0.933 43,100 27,618 30,000 46,000 7.8125 0.21 85.15BF-E5-W4 0.934 46,800 27,991 30,500 50,000 10.16 0.20 86.97BF-E5-W5 0.907 45,900 27,855 32,000 50,000 9.375 0.18 81.52Average 0.765 36,711 27,707 31,605 47,211 11.72 0.19 80.83St<strong>and</strong>ardDeviation0.185 9,548 492 1,283 3,381 4.52 0.02 6.70Note: Non-<strong>Repair</strong>ed Coupons have a Coupon ID ending with – NR#Heat Straightened Coupons have a Coupon ID ending with –H#Mechanically Straightened Coupon has a Coupon ID ending with – M1Welded Coupons have a Coupon ID ending with -W#
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Purdue UniversityPurdue e-PubsJTRP
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1. Report No. 2. Government Accessi
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epairing a bent wrought iron tensio
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vPageCHAPTER 3TEST PROCEDURES FOR M
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ixLIST OF FIGURESFigurePageFigure 1
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xiFigurePageFigure 3.30 Top View of
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xiiiFigurePageFigure 5.12 Typical T
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xvAppendix FigurePageFigure D.7 Ini
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viiiAppendix TablePageTable A.5 Det
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iiiThe authors would also like to t
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2but also what material properties
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4microstructure of the metal. The c
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62. LITERATURE SEARCHBefore experim
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8imperfections, the performance of
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10wrought iron. Adding the slag aft
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12method for manufacturing wrought
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14patents for their process and tra
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16This method of testing of structu
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18plot of this percent elongation d
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20significant variation in the perc
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22The practice of restoring histori
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24Elleby, Wallace W. Sanders, F. Wa
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26From all the surveys that were di
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28Table 2.1 Average Ultimate Streng
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30Figure 2.3 Wrought Iron “Sponge
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32Histogram of Kirkaldy Wrought Iro
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34Percent Occurance in Range - %45.
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3660Combined Wrought Iron BarsTensi
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38The Bell Ford Bridge consisted of
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40Two. These samples were taken fro
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42specimens were of constant cross
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- Page 70 and 71: 50The final specimen category consi
- Page 72 and 73: 52This analysis was completed using
- Page 74 and 75: 54After the initial test was comple
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- Page 78 and 79: 58readings, load cell readings and
- Page 80 and 81: 60Figure 3.3 Donated Eyebars 4 and
- Page 82 and 83: 62Figure 3.7 Heated Areas in Blue o
- Page 84 and 85: 64Figure 3.11 Detail Used in Groove
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- Page 88 and 89: 68Figure 3.19 Charpy Impact Testing
- Page 90 and 91: 70Figure 3.23 Eyebar Connection in
- Page 92 and 93: 72Figure 3.27 Eyebar A After Filler
- Page 94 and 95: 74Figure 3.31 Side View of Finished
- Page 96 and 97: 76Figure 3.35 Front View of Eyebar
- Page 98 and 99: 78strength from the existence of pe
- Page 100 and 101: 80The carbon content present in the
- Page 102 and 103: 82value may not be very accurate bu
- Page 104 and 105: 84strengths was found to be 29,940
- Page 106 and 107: 86wrought iron bars were investigat
- Page 108 and 109: 88stresses are induced. These perma
- Page 110 and 111: 90toughness the material. The test
- Page 112 and 113: 92From the finite element analysis,
- Page 116 and 117: 96Table 4.3 Tensile Coupon Test Res
- Page 118 and 119: 98Table 4.5 Charpy Impact Test Resu
- Page 120 and 121: 100Table 4.7 Comparison of Strain G
- Page 122 and 123: 102Figure 4.1 Typical Micrograph of
- Page 124 and 125: 104Figure 4.5 Fracture Surface of D
- Page 126 and 127: 106Comparison of Tensile Strengthfo
- Page 128 and 129: 108Combined Wrought Iron Bar Histor
- Page 130 and 131: 110Figure 4.17 Macrograph of Weld u
- Page 132 and 133: 112Figure 4.21 Cleavage Fracture of
- Page 134 and 135: Figure 4.25 Elongation of Hole in E
- Page 136 and 137: 116signs on or near the bridge that
- Page 138 and 139: 118testing of historic wrought iron
- Page 140 and 141: 120so that they would act in symmet
- Page 142 and 143: 122The reasons for the differences
- Page 144 and 145: 124The second corrosion pattern mod
- Page 146 and 147: 126Keating (1984) stated that the s
- Page 148 and 149: 128charcoal fire until it is red ho
- Page 150 and 151: 130Figure 5.3 Picture of Bottom Cho
- Page 152 and 153: 132Figure 5.7 Using Force After Usi
- Page 154 and 155: 134Figure 5.11 Reassembling a Pin C
- Page 156 and 157: 1366. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND IMPL
- Page 158 and 159: 138rectangular in shape. These eyeb
- Page 160 and 161: 140were joined together with a full
- Page 162 and 163: 1424. The Charpy impact energy of t
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144connections are unsymmetrical, i
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146LIST OF REFERENCESAASHTO (1998).
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148Hodgkinson, Eaton (1840). Experi
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150Appendix A. Data Collected From
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152Table A.1 Wrought Iron Bar Tensi
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154Table A.1 (continued) Wrought Ir
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156Table A.2 (continued) Wrought Ir
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158Table A.3 Wrought Iron Angle Ten
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160Table A.4 (continued) Summary of
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162Table A.4 (continued) Summary of
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164Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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166Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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168Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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170Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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172Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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174Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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176Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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178Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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180Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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182Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
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184Table A.7 Tensile Strength Data
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186Table B.1 Example Historic Wroug
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188DepartmentofTransportationIf you
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190CountyIf your organizationdoes m
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192County 16: County bridge inspect
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194State 13: Included in original d
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196Figure C.1 Diagrams Showing Loca
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198Figure C.3 Heating of Eyebar fro
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200Figure C.7 Double V Butt Joint u
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202Figure C. 11 Welded Tensile Coup
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204Figure C.15 Tensile Coupon from
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206Figure C.19 Cooling Bath with Su
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208Figure C.23 Side View of Eyebar
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210Figure C.27 Eyebar End Connectio
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212Appendix D. Welding Procedure fo
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214D.2 Filler Weld for Eyebar Conne
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216Figure D.1 Weld Joint Detail Use
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Figure D.5 Completed Weld Before Su
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220Figure D.7 Initial Pass Pattern