Evaluation and Repair of Wrought Iron and - Purdue e-Pubs ...

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186Table B.1 Example Historic Wrought Iron Bridge Maintenance SurveyPurdue University Historic Wrought Iron Bridge Maintenance SurveyThe purpose of this survey is to compile methods used in the maintenance and repair of historic wrought ironbridges. Any information that is provided will be constructive and helpful in developing guidelines that will beused in Indiana to retrofit and repair these structures. Please take a few minutes to complete this survey andreturn it at your earliest convenience.1. In your state, are there any existing historic wrought iron bridges? yes no2. If yes, then approximately how many bridges are in your state/county? 0-10 11-20 21-40 41+3. Does your organization maintain any of the historic bridges? yes no4. Do you know of any historic wrought iron bridges on a city street, or park? yes no5. If yes, then please state where6. If your organization does maintain wrought iron bridges, then are formal maintenance and repairprocedures available? yes no7. If yes, then can these be provided? yes no8. Is heat straightening of wrought iron bridges permitted? yes no9. Is welding of wrought iron bridges permitted? yes no10. Are there procedures available for riveting or bolting wrought iron? yes no11. What inspection procedures are most commonly used when dealing with the historic wrought ironbridges?12. What procedures are used when a wrought iron bridge needs to be rated for load capacity?13. If you can think of any other important information that is relevant, then please provide it.Thank you very much for your time in completing this survey. If you would like a copy of the results of thissurvey then please note it here and provide a return address. yes noPlease Return to:Amy M. PiskorowskiSchool of Civil Engineering1284 Civil Engineering BuildingWest Lafayette, IN 47904-1284If you have any questions you can contact Ms. Piskorowski at: piskoroa@purdue.edu
187Table B.2 Results From Wrought Iron Bridge Survey from State DOTs and CountiesDepartmentofTransportationIn your state,are there anyexistinghistoricwrought ironbridges?If yes, thenapproximatelyhow manybridges are inyourstate/county?Does yourorganizationmaintain anyof the historicbridges?Do you knowof any historicwrought ironbridges on acity street, orpark?State 1 Yes 0-10 Yes YesState 2 Yes 0-10 No NoState 3 Yes 101 Yes YesState 4 Yes 0-10 No NoState 5 Yes 0-10 No YesState 6 Yes 0-10 Yes YesState 7 No No NoState 8 No No NoState 9 No No NoState 10 Yes 0-10 No NoState 11 No No NoState 12 No No NoState 13 Yes 11-20 No YesState 14 No No NoState 15 No No NoState 16 Yes 0-10 No YesState 17 Yes 11-20 Yes NoState 18 No No NoState 19 No No NoState 20 No No NoState 21 No No NoState 22 No No NoState 23 No No NoState 24 Yes 21-40 No NoState 25 No No NoState 26 No No NoState 27 No No NoState 28 Yes 21-40 Yes NoState 29 No Yes YesState 30 Yes 0-10 No YesState 31 Yes 41+ Yes YesState 32 No No NoState 33 No No NoState 34 No No NoState 35 Yes 0-10 No No
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Purdue UniversityPurdue e-PubsJTRP
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1. Report No. 2. Government Accessi
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epairing a bent wrought iron tensio
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vPageCHAPTER 3TEST PROCEDURES FOR M
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ixLIST OF FIGURESFigurePageFigure 1
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xiFigurePageFigure 3.30 Top View of
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xiiiFigurePageFigure 5.12 Typical T
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xvAppendix FigurePageFigure D.7 Ini
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viiiAppendix TablePageTable A.5 Det
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iiiThe authors would also like to t
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2but also what material properties
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4microstructure of the metal. The c
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62. LITERATURE SEARCHBefore experim
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8imperfections, the performance of
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10wrought iron. Adding the slag aft
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12method for manufacturing wrought
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14patents for their process and tra
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16This method of testing of structu
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18plot of this percent elongation d
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20significant variation in the perc
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22The practice of restoring histori
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24Elleby, Wallace W. Sanders, F. Wa
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26From all the surveys that were di
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28Table 2.1 Average Ultimate Streng
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30Figure 2.3 Wrought Iron “Sponge
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32Histogram of Kirkaldy Wrought Iro
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34Percent Occurance in Range - %45.
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3660Combined Wrought Iron BarsTensi
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38The Bell Ford Bridge consisted of
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40Two. These samples were taken fro
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42specimens were of constant cross
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44Along with rectangular tensile co
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46After the initial test loading wa
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483.6 Fatigue TestingTo develop a b
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50The final specimen category consi
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52This analysis was completed using
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54After the initial test was comple
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56completed, but before the surface
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58readings, load cell readings and
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60Figure 3.3 Donated Eyebars 4 and
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62Figure 3.7 Heated Areas in Blue o
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64Figure 3.11 Detail Used in Groove
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66900080007000y = 27.153xR 2 = 0.99
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68Figure 3.19 Charpy Impact Testing
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70Figure 3.23 Eyebar Connection in
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72Figure 3.27 Eyebar A After Filler
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74Figure 3.31 Side View of Finished
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76Figure 3.35 Front View of Eyebar
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78strength from the existence of pe
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80The carbon content present in the
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82value may not be very accurate bu
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84strengths was found to be 29,940
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86wrought iron bars were investigat
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88stresses are induced. These perma
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90toughness the material. The test
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92From the finite element analysis,
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94Table 4.1 Chemical Analysis of Ey
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96Table 4.3 Tensile Coupon Test Res
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98Table 4.5 Charpy Impact Test Resu
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100Table 4.7 Comparison of Strain G
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102Figure 4.1 Typical Micrograph of
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104Figure 4.5 Fracture Surface of D
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106Comparison of Tensile Strengthfo
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108Combined Wrought Iron Bar Histor
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110Figure 4.17 Macrograph of Weld u
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112Figure 4.21 Cleavage Fracture of
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Figure 4.25 Elongation of Hole in E
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116signs on or near the bridge that
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118testing of historic wrought iron
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120so that they would act in symmet
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122The reasons for the differences
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124The second corrosion pattern mod
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126Keating (1984) stated that the s
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128charcoal fire until it is red ho
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130Figure 5.3 Picture of Bottom Cho
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132Figure 5.7 Using Force After Usi
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134Figure 5.11 Reassembling a Pin C
Page 156 and 157: 1366. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND IMPL
Page 158 and 159: 138rectangular in shape. These eyeb
Page 160 and 161: 140were joined together with a full
Page 162 and 163: 1424. The Charpy impact energy of t
Page 164 and 165: 144connections are unsymmetrical, i
Page 166 and 167: 146LIST OF REFERENCESAASHTO (1998).
Page 168 and 169: 148Hodgkinson, Eaton (1840). Experi
Page 170 and 171: 150Appendix A. Data Collected From
Page 172 and 173: 152Table A.1 Wrought Iron Bar Tensi
Page 174 and 175: 154Table A.1 (continued) Wrought Ir
Page 176 and 177: 156Table A.2 (continued) Wrought Ir
Page 178 and 179: 158Table A.3 Wrought Iron Angle Ten
Page 180 and 181: 160Table A.4 (continued) Summary of
Page 182 and 183: 162Table A.4 (continued) Summary of
Page 184 and 185: 164Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
Page 204 and 205: 184Table A.7 Tensile Strength Data
Page 208 and 209: 188DepartmentofTransportationIf you
Page 210 and 211: 190CountyIf your organizationdoes m
Page 212 and 213: 192County 16: County bridge inspect
Page 214 and 215: 194State 13: Included in original d
Page 216 and 217: 196Figure C.1 Diagrams Showing Loca
Page 218 and 219: 198Figure C.3 Heating of Eyebar fro
Page 220 and 221: 200Figure C.7 Double V Butt Joint u
Page 222 and 223: 202Figure C. 11 Welded Tensile Coup
Page 224 and 225: 204Figure C.15 Tensile Coupon from
Page 226 and 227: 206Figure C.19 Cooling Bath with Su
Page 228 and 229: 208Figure C.23 Side View of Eyebar
Page 230 and 231: 210Figure C.27 Eyebar End Connectio
Page 232 and 233: 212Appendix D. Welding Procedure fo
Page 234 and 235: 214D.2 Filler Weld for Eyebar Conne
Page 236 and 237: 216Figure D.1 Weld Joint Detail Use
Page 238 and 239: Figure D.5 Completed Weld Before Su
Page 240 and 241: 220Figure D.7 Initial Pass Pattern
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