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154Table A.1 (continued) Wrought Iron Bar Tensile Strength Reported by KirkaldyIndex Diameter Tensile Strength Average Percent Index Diameter Tensile Strength Average Percent(in) (psi) Elongation (%) (in) (psi) Elongation (%)300 .75*1 53,866 750 1.00 58,036701 1.25 56,067 27 751 1.00 53,972702 1.25 55,081 752 1.00 51,905703 1.25 54,731 753 1.03 62,429 20704 1.25 54,123 754 1.03 55,675705 1.00 56,539 16.8 755 1.03 50,870706 1.00 56,005 756 1.03 48,014707 1.00 55,256 757 1.02 59,657 6.3708 1.00 53,723 758 1.02 52,906709 1.25 59,302 21.4 759 1.02 51,879710 1.25 58,321 760 1.02 48,966711 1.25 56,701 761 1.00 58,049 11.1712 1.25 56,067 762 1.00 56,539713 1.00 59,605 17.3 763 1.00 56,005714 1.00 57,003 764 1.00 53,972715 1.00 56,539 765 1.12 57,692 7.3716 1.00 56,005 766 1.12 56,811717 0.99 58,740 19.1 767 1.10 56,805718 0.99 57,141 768 1.10 56,481719 0.99 56,500 769 1.12 55,191 6.8720 0.99 56,000 770 1.09 44,584721 1.02 59,726 24.8 771 0.92 55,323722 1.03 59,270 772 0.93 52,847723 1.02 58,252 773 0.92 45,765 21.3724 1.02 57,738 774 0.96 33,150725 0.63 61,558 25.6 775 1.22 39,000726 0.63 59,929 776 1.20 31,812727 0.63 56,784 777 1.21 27,173 20.6728 0.63 55,526 778 1.20 20,521729 1.25 56,404 23.1 779 .7*1.02 40,977730 1.25 55,697 780 .7*1.03 38,075731 1.25 53,439 781 .7*1.04 38,075 3.4732 1.25 51,776 782 .7*1.05 36,979733 1.02 57,738 25.2 783 1.00 44,561734 1.02 55,761 784 1.00 44,311735 1.02 54,791 785 1.00 43,420 0.6736 1.02 53,844 786 1.00 43,420737 1.03 59,506 21.4 787 1.00 43,420738 1.03 57,590 788 1.00 43,420739 1.00 55,505 789 1.01 40,467 2740 1.03 51,846 790 1.02 40,124741 0.63 59,929 20.3 791 1.00 40,745742 0.63 59,929 792 1.02 37,177743 0.63 58,671 793 1.01 39,000 20.5744 0.63 58,671 794 1.02 40,124745 1.25 58,640 21.3 795 1.00 37,680746 1.25 51,521 796 1.00 32,582747 1.25 49,536 797 1.00 40,745 8.4748 1.25 45,611 798 1.00 39,213749 1.00 60,069 18.6 799 1.00 36,646
155Table A.2 Wrought Iron Plate Tensile Strength Data Reported By KirkaldyThickness Tensile Strength Thickness Tensile Strength Thickness Tensile Strength(in) (psi) (in) (psi) (in) (psi)0.312 57,881 0.775 56,546 0.505 42,0660.312 54,153 0.78 56,546 0.5 41,0020.312 50,548 0.75 54,082 0.3 49,4410.312 49,986 0.87 52,955 0.31 49,1940.312 47,426 0.78 54,403 0.312 48,5130.312 55,368 0.775 51,718 0.312 46,9430.312 52,669 0.48 47,613 0.312 46,3940.312 48,682 0.5 47,613 0.312 43,3470.395 48,429 0.5 46,664 0.312 42,5810.4 47,426 0.48 46,511 0.312 51,2840.325 53,488 0.5 46,062 0.4 44,6960.4 52,770 0.5 58,534 0.41 44,1950.375 51,991 0.35 55,070 0.4 43,9920.375 51,485 0.412 53,889 0.41 43,2950.412 50,136 0.388 55,414 0.4 43,0120.4 48,014 0.35 48,705 0.41 43,8750.4 46,008 0.392 47,532 0.4 42,4870.325 44,972 0.47 60,985 0.4 38,0070.375 43,074 0.415 60,374 0.4 56,3170.375 59,443 0.37 55,925 0.66 55,5100.355 57,602 0.48 55,188 0.375 55,1760.375 55,437 0.37 54,819 0.375 54,9070.245 51,541 0.4 54,687 0.4 53,1660.25 50,136 0.388 55,697 0.58 48,0160.23 49,054 0.5 54,021 0.4 52,9590.25 45,152 0.39 51,922 0.375 50,6590.245 41,541 0.39 49,462 0.4 48,7610.25 61,184 0.512 48,997 0.375 48,0000.245 58,645 0.4 47,410 0.66 46,9470.25 55,631 0.4 60,697 0.62 45,7610.25 60,756 0.5 55,131 0.188 53,3710.75 60,396 0.5 51,295 0.637 50,9890.75 52,804 0.51 51,025 0.312 49,3950.75 50,625 0.51 50,012 0.637 47,7300.75 50,396 0.51 47,238 0.715 47,6800.75 49,612 0.316 54,406 0.39 37,4740.75 62,544 0.304 54,301 0.18 49,8420.75 58,686 0.505 48,853 0.312 49,3950.75 56,347 0.5 45,621 0.73 45,3100.78 56,172 0.505 45,621 0.62 44,766
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Purdue UniversityPurdue e-PubsJTRP
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1. Report No. 2. Government Accessi
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epairing a bent wrought iron tensio
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vPageCHAPTER 3TEST PROCEDURES FOR M
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ixLIST OF FIGURESFigurePageFigure 1
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xiFigurePageFigure 3.30 Top View of
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xiiiFigurePageFigure 5.12 Typical T
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xvAppendix FigurePageFigure D.7 Ini
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viiiAppendix TablePageTable A.5 Det
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iiiThe authors would also like to t
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2but also what material properties
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4microstructure of the metal. The c
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62. LITERATURE SEARCHBefore experim
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8imperfections, the performance of
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10wrought iron. Adding the slag aft
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12method for manufacturing wrought
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14patents for their process and tra
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16This method of testing of structu
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18plot of this percent elongation d
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20significant variation in the perc
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22The practice of restoring histori
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24Elleby, Wallace W. Sanders, F. Wa
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26From all the surveys that were di
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28Table 2.1 Average Ultimate Streng
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30Figure 2.3 Wrought Iron “Sponge
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32Histogram of Kirkaldy Wrought Iro
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34Percent Occurance in Range - %45.
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3660Combined Wrought Iron BarsTensi
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38The Bell Ford Bridge consisted of
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40Two. These samples were taken fro
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42specimens were of constant cross
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44Along with rectangular tensile co
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46After the initial test loading wa
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483.6 Fatigue TestingTo develop a b
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50The final specimen category consi
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52This analysis was completed using
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54After the initial test was comple
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56completed, but before the surface
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58readings, load cell readings and
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60Figure 3.3 Donated Eyebars 4 and
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62Figure 3.7 Heated Areas in Blue o
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64Figure 3.11 Detail Used in Groove
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66900080007000y = 27.153xR 2 = 0.99
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68Figure 3.19 Charpy Impact Testing
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70Figure 3.23 Eyebar Connection in
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72Figure 3.27 Eyebar A After Filler
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74Figure 3.31 Side View of Finished
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76Figure 3.35 Front View of Eyebar
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78strength from the existence of pe
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80The carbon content present in the
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82value may not be very accurate bu
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84strengths was found to be 29,940
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86wrought iron bars were investigat
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88stresses are induced. These perma
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90toughness the material. The test
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92From the finite element analysis,
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94Table 4.1 Chemical Analysis of Ey
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96Table 4.3 Tensile Coupon Test Res
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98Table 4.5 Charpy Impact Test Resu
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100Table 4.7 Comparison of Strain G
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102Figure 4.1 Typical Micrograph of
Page 124 and 125: 104Figure 4.5 Fracture Surface of D
Page 126 and 127: 106Comparison of Tensile Strengthfo
Page 128 and 129: 108Combined Wrought Iron Bar Histor
Page 130 and 131: 110Figure 4.17 Macrograph of Weld u
Page 132 and 133: 112Figure 4.21 Cleavage Fracture of
Page 134 and 135: Figure 4.25 Elongation of Hole in E
Page 136 and 137: 116signs on or near the bridge that
Page 138 and 139: 118testing of historic wrought iron
Page 140 and 141: 120so that they would act in symmet
Page 142 and 143: 122The reasons for the differences
Page 144 and 145: 124The second corrosion pattern mod
Page 146 and 147: 126Keating (1984) stated that the s
Page 148 and 149: 128charcoal fire until it is red ho
Page 150 and 151: 130Figure 5.3 Picture of Bottom Cho
Page 152 and 153: 132Figure 5.7 Using Force After Usi
Page 154 and 155: 134Figure 5.11 Reassembling a Pin C
Page 156 and 157: 1366. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND IMPL
Page 158 and 159: 138rectangular in shape. These eyeb
Page 160 and 161: 140were joined together with a full
Page 162 and 163: 1424. The Charpy impact energy of t
Page 164 and 165: 144connections are unsymmetrical, i
Page 166 and 167: 146LIST OF REFERENCESAASHTO (1998).
Page 168 and 169: 148Hodgkinson, Eaton (1840). Experi
Page 170 and 171: 150Appendix A. Data Collected From
Page 172 and 173: 152Table A.1 Wrought Iron Bar Tensi
Page 176 and 177: 156Table A.2 (continued) Wrought Ir
Page 178 and 179: 158Table A.3 Wrought Iron Angle Ten
Page 180 and 181: 160Table A.4 (continued) Summary of
Page 182 and 183: 162Table A.4 (continued) Summary of
Page 184 and 185: 164Table A.5 (continued) Detailed I
Page 204 and 205: 184Table A.7 Tensile Strength Data
Page 206 and 207: 186Table B.1 Example Historic Wroug
Page 208 and 209: 188DepartmentofTransportationIf you
Page 210 and 211: 190CountyIf your organizationdoes m
Page 212 and 213: 192County 16: County bridge inspect
Page 214 and 215: 194State 13: Included in original d
Page 216 and 217: 196Figure C.1 Diagrams Showing Loca
Page 218 and 219: 198Figure C.3 Heating of Eyebar fro
Page 220 and 221: 200Figure C.7 Double V Butt Joint u
Page 222 and 223: 202Figure C. 11 Welded Tensile Coup
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204Figure C.15 Tensile Coupon from
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206Figure C.19 Cooling Bath with Su
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208Figure C.23 Side View of Eyebar
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210Figure C.27 Eyebar End Connectio
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212Appendix D. Welding Procedure fo
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214D.2 Filler Weld for Eyebar Conne
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216Figure D.1 Weld Joint Detail Use
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Figure D.5 Completed Weld Before Su
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220Figure D.7 Initial Pass Pattern
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