THE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS OF ACOUSTICS - H. H. Arnold ...

352 13. Criteria and Regulations for Noise ControlConstruction over the 11-km-long project occurred 24 h a day in various locationswithin the city. Construction equipment operated in close proximity tothousands of residential and commercial properties, in some cases as close as3 m away. Hundreds of construction machinery were operating at any one timethroughout the project. The range of equipment types used is wide, includingcranes, slurry trenching machines, hydromills, hoe rams, pile drivers, jackhammers,dump trucks, bulldozers, concrete and chain saws, and gas and pneumaticallypowered hand tools. Upon the completion of this project, more than 10 millioncubic meters of excavated materials will have been removed and nearly 3 millioncubic meters of concrete poured.In order to contain the acoustical impact of the project, while supporting andmaintaining the progress of construction, the CA/T Project people developed apolicy summary to establish an overall noise control program that includes (a) acommitment statement to minimize noise impact on neighboring residences whilesustaining construction progress; (b) a summary of the Project Noise ControlSpecification criteria and components; (c) an expression of willingness to developarea-specific noise mitigation strategies tailored to particular community needs andsensitivities; (d) an approach and criteria for judging the worthiness of mitigationmeasures; and (e) a commitment to provide qualified noise experts to oversee contractorcompliance in the field. Construction Noise Control Specification, 721.560adopted and enforced by the CA/T Project, ranks as the most comprehensive andstringent noise code of any pubic works project in the United States.In addition to the CA/T project, other outstanding sets of codes or regulationspertaining to construction noise (Raichel and Dallal, 1999a,b) include those by theHong Kong and Singapore governments as well as those developed for the I-15project in Utah. Germany’s “Blue Angel” seal program certifies noise-generatingequipment that operate below specified noise levels.ReferencesAnonymous. 1998. Low-Noise Cpnstruction has a Future (Leises Bauen hat Zukunft):Noise Reduction with the “Blue Angel” (Lämminderung mit dem “Blauen Engel”),1st ed. Kalsruhe, Germany, Fachinformationszentrum, Gesellschaft für Wissenschaftlishtechnische,Barry, T. M., and Reagan, J. R. 1978. FHWA Highway Traffic Noise Prediction Model.Report FHWA-RD-77-108. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration.Beranek, Leo L. 1989a. Balanced Noise Criterion (NCB) Curves. Journal of the AcousticalSociety of America 86: 650–664.Beranek, Leo L. 1989b. Applications of NCB noise criterion curves. Noise Control EngineeringJournal 33: 45–56.Blazier, W. E. 1981. Revised noise criteria for application in the acoustical design andrating of HVAC Systems. Noise Control Engineering16: 64–73.Bowlby, W. (ed.). 1981. Sound Procedures for Measuring Highway Noise: Final Report.Report FHWA-DP-45-1. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration.Bowlby, W., and Cohn, L. F. 1982. Highway Construction Noise: Environmental Assessmentand Abatement, Vol. 4: User’s Manual for FWHA Highway Construction Noise