threecharacter area 13.1. Introduction3.1.1 This character area encompasses <strong>Padiham</strong>’s historic core, which is located above atree-covered slope on a bend of the River Calder. Church Street, the main road through thetown’s centre, twists and turns down the hill into <strong>Burnley</strong> Road. <strong>The</strong> adjoining roads, which aremore organic in their form, provide interesting, irregular street patterns around which buildingsof locally quarried sandstone and welsh blue slate have been constructed.3.1.2 Included within Area 1 is <strong>Padiham</strong>’s central core which retains much of its preindustrialmarket town character and which is designated as the <strong>Padiham</strong> Conservation Area.As such it is subject to extra planning controls to enhance and retain the area’s character andspecial interest (Plan A).3.2. Housing Development3.2.1 By the early 17th century the <strong>Padiham</strong> township appears tohave been a settlement based around Area 1, extending southwardsfrom St. Leonard’s Church towards the river. This early developmentof the town was more fluid and contrasts with the ‘gridiron’ streetpattern to the east and south of Area 1, which evolved during the19th century. This fluid development probably followed the alignmentof medieval highways and the irregular curving streets whichentered an open market area, thought to have been located to thesouth of St. Leonard’s Church (Plans B and F).View of Church Street c.1900 (Lancashire Libraryphotograph)Note the landmark tower of St Leonard’s Church,which dominates much of the skyline in <strong>Padiham</strong>3.2.2 <strong>The</strong> buildings within Area 1 originally would have openedonto narrow pavements and the road carriageway. <strong>The</strong> paving andchannelling of streets in <strong>Padiham</strong> did not take place until the LocalBoard took over in 1873. Although there are still a number ofstreets with stone setts, today many have either been replaced with,or covered by, tarmac. <strong>The</strong> retention or reinstatement of stone settshas provided one of the strong environmental characteristics in Area1 (Plan F).3.2.3 Although <strong>Padiham</strong>’s population increased during the late18th and early 19th centuries the growth of the built town wasstill mainly confined within Area 1, extending southwards by thistime along <strong>Burnley</strong> Road, west along Church Street, north upMoor Lane and east into Ightenhill Street and Guy Street (PlanB). This containment was perhaps a result of the inability of majorlandowners to lease sites for the development of mills and housing.<strong>The</strong> result was very cramped developments and high densities northof Church Street (Mitchell et al, 2004, p.23).3.2.4 Much of the original pre-industrial terraced housing stillremains within Area 1. <strong>The</strong>se buildings display varied styles,reflected in the subtle architectural differences evident betweenblocks in door and window surrounds, the arrangement of windowopenings (single/ double) and pitches of roofs. <strong>The</strong> consistent use ofsandstone and slate as the dominant building material, together withthe varying forms and layouts of the terraced houses and streets,has created the distinctive townscape quality of this character area.However, over time there has been some erosion of the specialcharacter and appearance of these streets as original windows anddoors have been replaced and chimney pots removed.10 heritage appraisal
3.2.5 Without doubt Gawthorpe Street, reputedlylaid out to the designs of Sir Charles Barry, is themost important group of statutorily listed buildingsin <strong>Padiham</strong> (Plan A). <strong>The</strong> houses, built between1841 and 1851, are rendered rubble with ashlardressings and contain two storeys with one bayeach. In the 1990s a <strong>Heritage</strong> Lottery Fund grant wasused to restore the historic street surfaces. Whilst 11Gawthorpe Street has been restored and illustratesthe original design of the whole street, a number ofproperties have experienced unsympathetic changesto architectural features, for example the replacementof original timber framed, lozenged windows withUPVC casement windows. In addition some ofthe properties appear to be in need of sensitiveimprovements to external finishes (Plan F).<strong>The</strong> reinstated cobbles and barley twist lampat Gawthorpe Street help to retain the originalcharacter of the street.3.2.6 <strong>The</strong> properties fronting main roads such asChurch Street, Whalley Road and Blackburn Roadappear to be of a higher architectural quality and arelarger than those built on the surrounding streets.<strong>The</strong>se buildings are later developments within Area 1having been constructed after 1850 (Plans B and C).3.2.7 Locally listed Osborne Terrace is ratherlarge and grand in appearance, being in an elevatedposition and accessed by a stone flight of steps withdetailed iron railings (Plan A). <strong>The</strong> datestone on thegable of 48 Osborne Terrace reads ‘Erected AD 1863.’William Waddington, the <strong>Padiham</strong> architect who wasresponsible for St. Leonard’s Church, designed thesehouses. Waddington lived with his family at 48 in the1860s. John Weir, Medical Officer of Health occupied48 in 1887 (Barrett, 1887, p.244).Osborne Terrace, Church Street3.2.8 Nos. 71-95 Church Street form a terraced block formerly known as Windsor Terrace.<strong>The</strong> block is locally listed and was constructed during the c.1870s (Plan A). <strong>The</strong> propertieshave bay windows at the ground and first floor levels with crenellated mouldings above thefirst floor bays. Barrett lists the following people as residing at Windsor Terrace in 1887 (Barrett,1887, pp.223-245):71 Henry Dean (Henry Dean & Sons, Levant Mill)73 Richard Cronshaw75 Miss Emily Helm (School)77 Rev. Isaac Pollitt (Wesleyan)83 William Wilcox (Professor of Music)85 Miss Mary Alice Shuttleworth87 Richard Smith (Cabinet Maker)89 Mark Martin (Commission Agent)91 Miss Elizabeth Howarth93 Richard Denbeigh (Steward of Liberal Club)95 Amos Sagar (Salesman)Windsor Terrace, Church Streetheritage appraisal 11
- Page 2 and 3: ‘Heritage is all around us. We li
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Former shops within the wider stree
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Looking up Burnley Road from the Br
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tenheritage and future regeneration
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appendixa-protected featuresA range
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appendixb-sourcesUnlike Burnley and
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Building Control RecordsBurnley Bor
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Handloom weaver Independent artisan
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Designed by Graphics, Burnley Counc