The Padiham Heritage Appraisal - Burnley Borough Council

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fivecharacter area 35.1 Introduction5.1.1 Character Area 3 is located to the east of Padiham and is bounded by the RiverCalder to the south, Clitheroe Street to the west, Garden Street to the north and opencountryside to the east. Sloping southwards towards the river, the area’s dominant land usescomprise a high-density industrial area of stone built mills and weaving sheds and grids ofstone terraced housing (Plan A & Plan F).5.2 Area Development5.2.1 No significant development appears to have occurred within Area 3 until the 1840s,when a number of tram roads were laid to connect a series of coal pits to the east of the areawith the former coal staithe (Plan B and 5.3.3). From the 1850s onwards the town began todevelop rapidly both to the east and south beyond the River Calder. This development includedthe high-density industrial area to the north of the river.5.2.2 It appears that housing came later following the ribbon development which formedalong Guy Street/Grove Lane towards the quarry and coal pits in the east (Plan C). By the1860/70s a grid of housing had been constructed around Dean Street whilst a larger griddeveloped around Ingham Street between 1879-1910. The need for additional housing inPadiham arose between 1851 when the population of the town was 4,509 and 1900 when itwas an estimated 13,900 (Barrett, 1899, p. 560). It is to be noted that the scale of this increasewas due in part to the reorganisation of local government in 1873 (in the form of the Padihamand Hapton Local Board), which saw the inclusion of part of Hapton in the town’s boundaries.5.3 IndustryCoal5.3.1 Coal mining has had a long history in Padiham. In medieval times local farmers wouldhave extracted coal in order to supply their own needs when Padiham was nothing morethan a hamlet (Nadin, 2003, p iii), but with the changes to the English feudal system in the14th century came the need to obtain leases from the crown to dig for coal, a situation whichcontinued until the middle of the 17th century.5.3.2 The coal which was extracted from Padiham would have come from the PadihamThick Seam, which reaches a width of 10-11 feet. The earliest pits would have been short lived,perhaps being worked where the coal outcropped at the earth’s surface. Others may havebeen merely shallow shafts called bell pits (Nadin, 1997, p.8). During the post medieval periodthe ‘whole area from Moor Lane to the Hollins Farm in Grove Lane was cut up into large coalpillars’ (Heys, 1972, p.17). Numerous other pits were sunk to the east of Area 3 adjacent toGrove Lane and the River Calder during the 18th and 19th centuries.5.3.3 Prior to 1840 pack horses and mules were used to transport loads of coal. In 1843the surface chain haulage system was brought to Padiham and to the Shuttleworths’ new coalstaithe, which was situated adjacent to Burnley Road (Plan B). The rails linked pits in Ightenhillto the coal staithe where the tubs probably had to be pushed by hand. By 1890 the Ightenhillpits had closed and the tram road was re-laid as a ginny track, which ran from Cornfield Pit tothe east of Area 3 in a straight line over an iron bridge to a point known as ‘The Angle’ in GroveLane (Heys, 1972, p 37 and Armstrong, 1985, p 35).5.3.4 ‘By the late 19th century the tram road to Grove Mill had gone, but the other routeshad been rationalised into a straighter tramway bringing coal down from the Calder Valley toa staithe at Padiham’ (Mitchell et al, 2004, p. 24). A century later in the 1970s all coal-miningactivities had ceased in Padiham. Today little evidence remains of the tramlines and ginnytracks, which once ran through Area 3 other than the ginny turning blocks, which still remain,albeit in a ruinous condition, in Grove Lane Wood.40 heritage appraisal
Water5.3.5 The River Calder was altered from its original course north of Gawthorpe Hall by thelate 1700s. Yates Map of Lancashire 1786 appears to show the river flowing adjacent to GroveLane further north than its current location whilst Greenwoods Map of Lancashire 1818 clearlyillustrates this change in course. ‘When the new bed was dug out and completed the river ranwestwards towards Grove Lane where a sluice gate was inserted. The river then… changedits course directly south …where it took another 90-degree angle west to continue on its waythrough Padiham’ (Heys, 1972, p.35). The National Coal Board redirected the Calder to itscurrent course north of Gawthorpe Hall by c.1960 (Plans A & B).5.3.6 A goit or river channel was extracted from the River Calder probably as part of theriver’s relocation (c.1700s). The water was then supplied to the corn mill, which was built in the13th century (see Area 1 and Plan B). A dam and sluice gate were erected so the goit couldbe controlled at will, for the increasing or decreasing of water supply from the river. During theIndustrial Revolution new factories lined both sides of the goit on Wyre Street (Heys, 1972, pp.36 & 39 and Plans C, D & E). This large concentration of mills, which developed on the easternside of Burnley Road between 1850 and 1900, was known as the ‘Goit side’ of Padiham.5.3.7 The goit was still seen flowing through Area 3 until the mid 20th century (Plan E).However, today nearly all evidence that the goit ever existed has disappeared although in Area1 it is still possible to see where the culvert enters the River Calder behind the Clinic on StationRoad.The tram road on Partridge Hill and the goit on Wyre Street areclearly illustrated on Mr Edward Bridge’s plans showing the proposeddevelopment of Nos 2-46 Ingham Street in 1879 (BCR 54666).The tram road once ran down Partridge Hill adjacentto the terraced properties on the right. The humpbackbridge over the tracks has now disappeared.heritage appraisal 41
Page 2 and 3: ‘Heritage is all around us. We li
Page 4: oneintroduction1.1 Housing Market R
Page 12 and 13: threecharacter area 13.1. Introduct
Page 14 and 15: 3.2.9 On Whalley Road Epworth House
Page 16 and 17: 3.2.19 Much of the cleared land in
Page 18 and 19: Victoria Mill, Ightenhill Street.3.
Page 20 and 21: This photograph shows John Paul Web
Page 22 and 23: 3.5.4 Four of the oldest surviving
Page 24 and 25: This Lancashire Library photograph
Page 26 and 27: 3.6 Clubs and Community BuildingsFo
Page 28 and 29: Former Wesley Chapel in West Street
Page 30 and 31: 3.8.4 In 1814 ‘The British and Fo
Page 32 and 33: 3.10. Landmarks, views, green space
Page 34 and 35: fourcharacter area 24.1 introductio
Page 36 and 37: Rendered property in the Garden Str
Page 38 and 39: Fairweather Court/Town Hill BankFai
Page 40 and 41: oneintroduction38 heritage appraisa
Page 44 and 45: Industrial Buildings5.3.8 The ‘Go
Page 46 and 47: Alma MillToday British Velvets occu
Page 48 and 49: 5.4. Housing5.4.1 Victorian neighbo
Page 50 and 51: 7-23 Grove Lane. 21 Grove Lane appe
Page 52 and 53: Number 46 Ingham Street was origina
Page 54 and 55: sixcharacter area 46.1. Introductio
Page 56 and 57: 6.2.7 Though disused, the line stil
Page 58 and 59: 6.3. Housing6.3.1 Development began
Page 60 and 61: Early residential area 1860-18906.3
Page 62 and 63: Former shops within the wider stree
Page 64 and 65: Architectural features and detailin
Page 66 and 67: Looking up Burnley Road from the Br
Page 68 and 69: 66 heritage appraisalCross Bank Day
Page 70 and 71: 6.6. Landmarks, views, greenspaces
Page 72 and 73: sevencharacter area 57.1 Introducti
Page 74 and 75: 7.3.6 Numbers 21-43 Green Lane, kno
Page 76 and 77: 7.4 Late 20th century housing7.4.1
Page 78: Levant Mill7.5.7 Butterworth and Br
Page 82 and 83: Stockbridge Road: Barrett’s Direc
Page 84 and 85: 7.9 Landmarks, views, green spaces
Page 86 and 87: eightcharacter area 68.1. Introduct
Page 88 and 89: Wakes Week, 1920s - a large crowd s
Page 90 and 91: 8.2.12 In terms of its architecture
Page 92 and 93:
1870s: Railway Road8.4.3 Building r
Page 94 and 95:
1880s Whittaker Street8.4.9 Develop
Page 96 and 97:
Post Office8.5.3 The Post Office, c
Page 98 and 99:
ninecharacter area 79.1 introductio
Page 100 and 101:
9.5 Landmarks, views, green spaces
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tenheritage and future regeneration
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appendixa-protected featuresA range
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appendixb-sourcesUnlike Burnley and
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Building Control RecordsBurnley Bor
Page 110 and 111:
Handloom weaver Independent artisan
Page 112:
Designed by Graphics, Burnley Counc
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The Padiham Heritage Appraisal - Burnley Borough Council

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