Bipolar Disorders: Mixed States, Rapid-Cycling, and Atypical Forms

148 F. BenazziTable 6.7 Associations among atypical depression symptoms in the bipolar II subsample(n ¼ 241), by univariate logistic regression (odds ratio, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01)MoodreactivityWeightgainOvereating HypersomniaLeadenparalysisWeight gain 3.9Overeating 5.3* 69.6**Hypersomnia 5.2** 6.2** 6.5**Leaden paralysis 1.3 3.1** 3.4** 2.0**Interpersonal rejectionsensitivity 3.2** 1.1 1.0 1.4 2.2**Table 6.8 Associations among atypical depression symptoms in the unipolar subsample(n ¼ 164), by univariate logistic regression (odds ratio, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01)MoodreactivityWeightgainOvereating HypersomniaLeadenparalysisWeight gain 1.4Overeating nc 98.3**Hypersomnia 3.1 18.5** 18.5**Leaden paralysis 1.4 1.5 2.4 3.4**Interpersonal rejectionsensitivity 1.2 4.4* 2.9* 4.1** 2.0*Table 6.9 Comparison of atypical depression symptoms between mood-reactive (MR) andnon-mood-reactive (N-MR) major depressive episode patientsAtypical symptoms MR ¼ 344 N-MR ¼ 61 Z PWeight gain 18.0% 6.5% 2.2 0.0249Overeating 24.1% 3.2% 3.6 0.0002Hypersomnia 33.4% 9.8% 3.7 0.0002Leaden paralysis 40.9% 31.1% 1.4 0.1489Interpersonal sensitivity 62.5% 42.6% 2.9 0.0035et al., 2002, 2003; Benazzi studies in this paper), but not in others (McGrath et al.,1992; Robertson et al., 1996; Posternak and Zimmerman, 2002). Different findingsmay be related to diagnostic criteria, careful and systematic probing for pasthypomania, diagnostic interviews (fully structured versus semistructured),