Bipolar Disorders: Mixed States, Rapid-Cycling, and Atypical Forms

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384 G. Sachs and M. GravesBauer, M. S. and Whybrow, P. C. (1990). Rapid cycling bipolar affective disorder. II. Treatmentof refractory rapid cycling with high-dose levothyroxine: a preliminary study. Arch. Gen.Psychiatry, 47, 435–40.Bauer, M. S., Calabrese, J., Dunner, D. L. et al. (1994). Multisite data reanalysis of the validityof rapid cycling as a course modifier for bipolar disorder in DSM-IV. Am. J. Psychiatry, 151,506–15.Bowden, C. L. and McElroy, S. L. (1995). History of the development of valproate for treatmentof bipolar disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry, 56 (suppl. 3:), 3–5.Calabrese, J. R., Suppes, T., Bowden, C. L. et al. (2000). A double blind, placebo-controlled,prophylaxis study of lamotrigine in rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol,61, 841–50.Coryell, W., Endicott, J., and Keller, M. (1992). Rapid cycling affective disorder: demographics,family history and course. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 49, 126–31.Dunner, D. L., Patrick, V. and Fieve, R. R. (1977). Rapid cycling manic depressive patients.Compr. Psychiatry, 18, 561–6.Goodwin, F. and Jamison, K. (1990). Manic Depressive Illness. New York: Oxford UniversityPress.Grof, E., Haag, M., Grof, P., et al. (1987). Lithium response and the sequence of episodepolarities: preliminary report on a Hamilton sample. Progr. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol.Psychiatry, 11, 199–203.Haag, H., Heidorn, A., Haag, M. et al. (1987). Sequence of affective polarity and lithiumresponse: preliminary report on Munich sample. Progr. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol.Psychiatry, 11, 205–8.Himmelhoch, J. M., Mulla, D., Neil, J. F. et al. (1976). Incidence and significance of mixedaffective states in a bipolar population. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 33, 1062–6.Judd, L. L., Akiskal, H. S., Schettler, P. J. et al. (2002). The long-term natural history of theweekly symptomatic status of bipolar I disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 59, 530–7.Keller, M. B., Lavori, P. W., Friedman, B. et al. (1987). The longitudinal interval follow-upevaluation. A comprehensive method for assessing outcome in prospective longitudinalstudies. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 44, 540–8.Koukopoulos, A., Reginaldi, D., and Laddomada, P. (1980). Course of the manic–depressivecycle and changes caused by treatments. Pharmacopsychiatry, 13, 156–67.Kraepelin, E. (1921). Manic-Depressive Insanity and Paranoia. Edinburgh: E. and S. Livingstone.Kramlinger, K. and Post, R. M. (1996). Ultra-rapid and ultradian cycling in bipolar affectiveillness. Br. J. Psychiatry, 168, 314–23.Kupfer, D. J., Chengappa, K. N., Gelenberg, A. J. et al. (2001). Citalopram as adjunctive therapyin bipolar depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry, 62, 985–90.Maj, M., Pirozzi, R. and Starace, F. (1989). Previous pattern of course of the illness as a predictorof response to lithium prophylaxis in bipolar patients. J. Affect. Disord., 17, 237–41.Robb, J. C., Cooke, R. G., Devins, G. M. et al. (1997). Quality of life and lifestyle disruption ineuthymic bipolar disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res., 31, 509–17.Sachs, G. S, Guille, C., and McMurrich, S. A (2002a). Clinical monitoring form for mooddisorders. Bipolar. Disord, 4, 323–7.
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Bipolar DisordersMixed States, Rapi
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ContentsList of contributorsPreface
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ContributorsValadeta Ajdacic PhDPsy
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ixList of contributorsAlexia E. Kou
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PrefaceBipolar disorders have a lon
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2 A. Marneros and F. K. Goodwinold
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4 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinFig.
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6 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinThe
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8 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinFig.
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10 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinFig
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12 A. Marneros and F. K. Goodwinit
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16 A. Marneros and F. K. Goodwin(19
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18 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinBip
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20 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinFre
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22 A. Marneros and F. K. Goodwinons
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26 A. Marneros and F. K. Goodwinbou
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28 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinAno
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30 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinTab
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32 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinBip
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38 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinAki
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40 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinDil
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42 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinMar
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44 A. Marneros and F. K. GoodwinPri
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46 G. Perugi and H. S. AkiskalTable
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50 G. Perugi and H. S. AkiskalDepre
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52 G. Perugi and H. S. Akiskalwith
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54 G. Perugi and H. S. Akiskal3020.
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59 Longitudinal perspective of mixe
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3Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder1 2O
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63 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderPs
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65 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderOn
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67 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderBr
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69 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderin
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71 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderLa
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73 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderre
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75 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderCo
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77 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderDe
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79 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderan
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81 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderTa
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83 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderRE
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85 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderJo
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87 Rapid-cycling bipolar disorderde
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89 Bipolar I and bipolar II: a dich
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101 Bipolar I and bipolar II: a dic
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5Recurrent brief depression as an i
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111 Recurrent brief depressionRecur
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113 Recurrent brief depressionbeen
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115 Recurrent brief depressioncorre
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117 Recurrent brief depressionThere
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Chronic 4.8 18.2 9.1 10 NCRapid-cyc
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121 Recurrent brief depressionTable
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123 Recurrent brief depressionPreva
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125 Recurrent brief depressionWe fo
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127 Recurrent brief depressionREFER
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129 Recurrent brief depressionMarne
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6Atypical depression and its relati
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133 Atypical depression and bipolar
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7Agitated depression: spontaneous a
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159 Agitated depression: spontaneou
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8Schizoaffective mixed statesAndrea
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189 Schizoaffective mixed statescon
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191 Schizoaffective mixed stateswas
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193 Schizoaffective mixed statesUni
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195 Schizoaffective mixed statesTab
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197 Schizoaffective mixed statesday
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199 Schizoaffective mixed statesTot
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201 Schizoaffective mixed statesBip
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203 Schizoaffective mixed statesThe
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205 Schizoaffective mixed statesMar
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9Acute and transient psychotic diso
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209 Acute and transient psychotic d
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Table 9.10 (cont.)ATPD(n ¼ 39)Bipo
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Table 9.11 (cont.)Bipolar affective
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Table 9.14b Significant differences
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10Bipolar disorder in children and
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239 Bipolar disorder in children an
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Pellegrini et al. (1986) 16 23 (7-1
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253 Atypical features of bipolarity
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12Comorbidity in mixed states and r
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265 Comorbidity in mixed states and
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13Challenges in the genetics of bip
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279 Challenges in the genetics of b
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Table 13.1 Proportion of first-degr
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Table 13.3 Summary of recent bipola
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13q32 = 3.321q22 = 3.6Liu, C.et al.
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14Biological aspects of rapid cycli
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313 Rapid cycling and mixed statesa
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315 Rapid cycling and mixed statesa
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317 Rapid cycling and mixed statesi
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319 Rapid cycling and mixed statesC
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321 Rapid cycling and mixed statesJ
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323 Rapid cycling and mixed statesW
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325 The treatment of bipolar mixed
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Page 347 and 348: 333 The treatment of bipolar mixed
Page 367 and 368: 16The use of atypical antipsychotic
Page 369 and 370: 355 Use of atypical antipsychotic a
Page 383 and 384: 17Investigational strategies: treat
Page 385 and 386: 371 Investigational strategiesBIPOL
Page 387 and 388: 373 Investigational strategiesinsta
Page 389 and 390: 375 Investigational strategiesWhat
Page 391 and 392: 377 Investigational strategiesTable
Page 393 and 394: 379 Investigational strategiescateg
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Page 397: 383 Investigational strategies2. Th
Page 401 and 402: 387 Indexclinical course and outcom
Page 403 and 404: 389 Indexdepressive mixed states 51
Page 405 and 406: 391 IndexLange, J. 163learning disa
Page 407 and 408: 393 Indexpsychopharmacological revo
Page 409: 395 Indexmania, acute 334mixed stat
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Bipolar Disorders: Mixed States, Rapid-Cycling, and Atypical Forms

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