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Figure C.114Natural Gas Prices for Industrial Users (Euros/GJ), 1998–20091210Price (€)864201998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Year2005 2006 2007 2008 2009BulgariaCzech RepublicGermany (excl. ex-GermanDem. Rep. from 1991)EstoniaLatviaLithuaniaHungaryPolandRomaniaSlovak Rep.United KingdomCroatiaSource: Eurostat 2010.Note: Prices are before taxes. GJ = gigajoules.Table C.3Country,approval yearCompleted CFL Project ImpactsNumber ofCFL bulbsEx ante expectationsEx post direct impactThailand, 1993 900,000 238-MW peak reduction, 1,427 GWh per year a 566-MW peak reduction, 3,140 GWh per year aJamaica, 1994 100,000 1-MW reduction, 4.4 GWh per year, 5,200 tons CO 21.7-MW reduction, 5.5-GWh savings, 6,500 tons CO 2Mexico, 1994 1,700,000 Peak demand reduction 100 MW, Energy savings100 MW, 1,014 GWhPeak demand reduction 34 MW, energy savings978 GWhPoland, 1994 1,218,000 519-GWh overall savings, 198,000 tons CO 2725 GWh overall savings, 206,000 tons CO 2(short term)Various (ELI),20003,364-GWh energy savings, 1.8 million tons CO 22,590 GWh energy savings, 1.9 million tons CO 2Uganda, 2001 800,000 20-MW peak demand reduction, 53,000 tons ofcarbon per yearVietnam, 2003 1,000,000 33.4-MW demand saving, energy savings 40 GWhper year, 48,000 tons of carbon per yearEthiopia, 2006 5,800,000 131-MW demand reduction, 560 GWh per year(includes street lighting as well as CFLs)20-MW reduction30.1-MW peak load reduction, 45.9 GWh per yearenergy savings5-MW demand reduction (first 350,000 bulbs only)Source: World Bank data.Note: CFL = compact fluorescent light; DSM = Demand side management; ELI = efficient lighting initiative; GWh = gigawatt hour; MW = megawatt.a. Entire DSM project, not just CFLs.100 | Climate Change and the World Bank Group
TAble C.4Reviewed energy efficiency Financial intermediation projectsproject name Country WbGapprovalyearApproachClosingYearIBRDBulgaria Energy Efficiency Fund (BEEF) Bulgaria 2005 Specialized fund 2010Croatia Energy Efficiency Project Croatia 2003 Loan to ESCO+PCG (2) to local banks 2010Poland GEF Energy Efficiency project Poland 2004 Grant to ESCO+PCG to local banks 2011Romania Energy Efficiency Fund (FREE) Romania 2002 Specialized fund 2007Energy Conservation Project I China ESCOIFCHungary Energy Efficiency Co-financingProgram (HEECP)Hungary 1997 PCG to local banks 2001HEECP 2 Hungary 2001 PCG to local banks 2005Commercializing Energy EfficiencyFinance (CEEF) (1)Czech Republic, Estonia,Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania,Slovak Republic2002 PCG to local banks 2008OTP ESCO Hungary 2006 PCG to local banks 2011Russian Sustainable Energy FinanceProgram (RSEFP)Russian Federation 2005 Credit lines and PCG to local banks 2010CHUEE I China PCG to local banksSource: IEG.Note: ESCO = energy service company; GEF = Global Environment Facility; OTP = Hungarian bank; PCG = Partial Credit Guarantee.Appendix C: Energy Efficiency: Supplementary Information | 101
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Phase II: The Challenge of Low-Carb
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE WORLD BANK G
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Table of ContentsAbbreviations . .
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Figures1.1 GHG Emissions by Sector
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AcknowledgmentsThe report was prepa
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Executive SummaryUnabated, climate
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esettlement plans has been ineffect
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of some technologies, such as landf
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Scale up high-impact investmentsEne
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should have been strengthened in th
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Major monitorable IEGrecommendation
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Major monitorable IEGrecommendation
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Chairman’s Summary: Committee onD
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most places. Before we get there, w
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non-Annex I countries. The World Ba
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attention. In a couple of decades,
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GlossaryAdditionalityBankabilityBas
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Joint ImplementationA mechanism und
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Chapter 1evALuAtiOn HiGHLiGHts• T
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of interventions, from technical as
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would allow industrialized countrie
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growth, poverty reduction (includin
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Table 1.1 Map of the EvaluationSect
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Chapter 2eValuaTION HIGHlIGHTS• W
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Table 2.2Evaluated World Bank Renew
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Figure 2.2Breakdown of 2003-08 Low-
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Table 2.4 Commitments to Grid-Conne
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Box 2.1The Economics of Grid-Connec
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on average (Iyadomi 2010). (Reducti
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and industrial policy. An increasin
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Table 2.6Hydropower Investments by
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costs for remaining unelectrified a
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World Bank experienceTwo factors ac
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Box 2.5On-Grid and Off-Grid Renewab
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Energy EfficiencyThe first phase in
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Box 3.1ESCOs and Energy Performance
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have had limited causal impact on t
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measurement of achieved economic re
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Since the early 1990s, public entit
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part with a $198 million IDA credit
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Chapter 4eVAluATioN HigHligHTS• B
Page 85 and 86: The WBG urban transport portfolio (
Page 87 and 88: y conventional transport systems, i
Page 89 and 90: include the forest carbon projects
Page 91 and 92: for Costa Rica for the period 2000-
Page 93 and 94: After 20 years of effort, systemati
Page 95 and 96: orrowers have demonstrated the abil
Page 97 and 98: Chapter 5EVALuATioN HigHLigHTS• O
Page 99 and 100: Consequently, the efficiency with w
Page 101 and 102: technologies could accelerate diffu
Page 103 and 104: A second issue, inherent to any adv
Page 105 and 106: goal of promoting wind turbine impr
Page 107 and 108: ConclusionsThe WBG’s efforts to p
Page 109 and 110: Table 5.1Carbon Funds at the World
Page 111 and 112: demonstration initiative. The Commu
Page 113 and 114: Impacts on technology transferThe 2
Page 115 and 116: Chapter 6Photo by Martin Wright/Ash
Page 117 and 118: Figure 6.1800Economic and Carbon Re
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Page 121 and 122: Table 6.1Summary of Sectoral Findin
Page 123 and 124: Table 6.1Sector Intervention Direct
Page 125 and 126: Appendix ARenewable Energy Tables a
Page 127 and 128: Table A.4Grid-Based Biomass/Biogass
Page 129 and 130: Table A.5 (continued)Negative examp
Page 131 and 132: Figure A.4A. Hydro/biomass capacity
Page 133 and 134: Appendix bWorld Bank Experience wit
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Page 143 and 144: Table F.2GHG objectiveModeNumber of
Page 145 and 146: IEG eliminated a few cases of doubl
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Page 149 and 150: Appendix ICarbon and Economic Retur
Page 151 and 152: Appendix JRecent WBG Developments i
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Page 159 and 160: Chapter 51. From the chief economis
Page 161 and 162: Hartshorn, G., P. Ferraro, and B. S
Page 163 and 164: ______. 2007. World Development Ind
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