October 28, 9 h 30–10 h 00 (Room 0)Colegio Oficial <strong>de</strong> Ingenieros Técnicos IndustrialesPresentati<strong>on</strong>: D. Aquilino <strong>de</strong> la Guerra. Decano <strong>de</strong>l COITI <strong>de</strong> <strong>Cantabria</strong>.CONFIRMADOD. JOSÉ MIGUEL SOLANSBorn in 1965.Electrical Engineering by UPC University (Barcel<strong>on</strong>a) – 1990.MBA Management by ESADE(Spain) – 1996He began his career in the '90s at Schnei<strong>de</strong>r Electric España S.A. wherehe has been Product Manager in MV equipment, Internati<strong>on</strong>al ProjectManager <strong>de</strong>veloping several MV soluti<strong>on</strong>s for global market, MarketingManager in energy segment.He became Innovati<strong>on</strong> Director in 2008 and Innovati<strong>on</strong>&BusinessDevelopment Director in 2009 till now.He is involved in working groups related with innovati<strong>on</strong> (vice presi<strong>de</strong>nt in innovati<strong>on</strong> commissi<strong>on</strong> of22@network) and smart houses (vice presi<strong>de</strong>nt in the smart house commissi<strong>on</strong> in ASIMELEC).ABSTRACT: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE ENERGY IN BUILDINGFrom the energy point of view, in the past, buildings have been built taking into account <strong>on</strong>ly somepassive aspects of energy efficiency (insulati<strong>on</strong>, orientati<strong>on</strong>): At this stage the buildings were merec<strong>on</strong>sumers of energy.In the twentieth century we become to be aware of the energy dilemma :• Energy <strong>de</strong>mand grows al<strong>on</strong>g with populati<strong>on</strong> and ec<strong>on</strong>omies.• Energy c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong> must be reduced to avoid envir<strong>on</strong>mental disaster.The building market c<strong>on</strong>tributes highly to the energy challenge and CO2 emissi<strong>on</strong>s:• the new building market can take advantage of new technologies for the complete building<strong>de</strong>signs …• … but without major acti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong> existing buildings, objectives will not be met.Passive and specially active energy efficiency (EE) are the soluti<strong>on</strong> in the short term:• Passive energy efficiency acts <strong>on</strong> the building structure and equipment that produces orc<strong>on</strong>sumes energy.• Active energy efficiency acts <strong>on</strong> the way the building and equipment are used. M<strong>on</strong>itoring andmaintenance are key factors.We can analyze three main drivers of EE in buldings : regulati<strong>on</strong> , finantial driver (CAPEX, OPEX,ROI) and green driver (image, social resp<strong>on</strong>sibility).Building energy performance will introduce changes in the way building players work (coordinati<strong>on</strong>,new indicators) and creates new players (energy c<strong>on</strong>sultants) and services (ESCO, performancec<strong>on</strong>tracting).The trends for the future are:• System integrati<strong>on</strong> : from multiple silo systems ( Communicati<strong>on</strong>, Energy, HVAC, security,lighting c<strong>on</strong>trol,…etc) to an integrated soluti<strong>on</strong>.• Some Buildings are producing energy and the challenge for the future is to integrate buildingsin the smart grids as a “prosumer” (producer + c<strong>on</strong>sumer) in or<strong>de</strong>r to manage the flow ofenergy, so an smart energy c<strong>on</strong>trol in bulldings is going to be a key factor.37º <str<strong>on</strong>g>IAHS</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>World</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>C<strong>on</strong>gress</str<strong>on</strong>g> On <strong>Housing</strong> Science 27
October 28, 10 h 00–10 h 30 (Room 0)Courtesy: IECA. Instituto Español <strong>de</strong>l Cemento y sus Aplicaci<strong>on</strong>esPresentati<strong>on</strong>: D. Manuel Burón Maestro. Director <strong>de</strong> Tecnología y Normativa <strong>de</strong>l Hormigón.Dr. JUAN C. LÓPEZ AGÜÍBorn in 1949. Doctor Civil & Structural Engineer. Graduate in Ec<strong>on</strong>omics.Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the European Committee for Standardizati<strong>on</strong> (CEN).General Director of the Spanish Cement Institute and its Applicati<strong>on</strong>s (IECA).Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the AENOR AEN/CTN-80 Committee for Cement and Limest<strong>on</strong>e.Co-Chairman of the “Working Group 5” Markets & Products of CEMBUREAU.Expert <strong>on</strong> the EC High Level Expert Group for the Review of the EuropeanStandardizati<strong>on</strong> System (EXPRESS).Chairman of the Working Group “Statistical C<strong>on</strong>trol of C<strong>on</strong>crete” of ACHE.Author of the Technical Recommendati<strong>on</strong>s CONFIRMADOinclu<strong>de</strong>d in the Instructi<strong>on</strong> EHErelated to: Ultimate limit State of buckling, and Methods of Designing C<strong>on</strong>cretepieces un<strong>de</strong>r normal stresses.Speaker of the “Guía <strong>de</strong> Aplicación <strong>de</strong> la Instrucción EHE”.Professor at the Madrid UniversityAuthor of several books and publicati<strong>on</strong>s (some examples): “M<strong>on</strong>ografía M8 – Recomendaci<strong>on</strong>es parael Proyecto <strong>de</strong> Estructuras <strong>de</strong> Hormigón <strong>de</strong> Alta Resistencia”; “C<strong>on</strong>trol estadístico <strong>de</strong>l hormigón”;“Guía Básica para simulación <strong>de</strong> M<strong>on</strong>te Carlo”.ABSTRACT: CONCRETE AND BUILDINGSThe Spanish Technical Buildings Co<strong>de</strong> inclu<strong>de</strong>s the requirements for increasing quality andsustainability of buildings while encouraging the innovati<strong>on</strong>. In this presentati<strong>on</strong> those aspects havebeen c<strong>on</strong>si<strong>de</strong>red which, in a relevant matter, are related to the acoustic performance, energy savingand fire safety, as they have a str<strong>on</strong>g influence in the building’s sustainability and may c<strong>on</strong>tribute to afurther innovati<strong>on</strong> within the c<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> sector.In Europe, 42% of energy c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong> and 35% of emissi<strong>on</strong>s of greenhouse gases are originated inbuildings. The Directive revisi<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> Energy Efficiency in Buildings expects to save between 160 and210 MtCO2/año, this represents 4-5% of CO 2 emissi<strong>on</strong>s in 2020. Moreover, the working group of theSustainable Buildings and C<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> Initiative of UNEP (United Nati<strong>on</strong>s Envir<strong>on</strong>ment Program)estimates that the energy c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong> in buildings can be reduced from 30 to 50% withoutsignificantly increasing investment costs.According to several authors, in a 60 years service life 87-90% of CO2 emissi<strong>on</strong>s of a building arerelated to this use phase, while 8-10% is linked to their materials, and 2-3% is emitted during thec<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> phase.The saving of energy c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong> in buildings and therefore their associated CO2 emissi<strong>on</strong>s,<strong>de</strong>pends <strong>on</strong> milli<strong>on</strong>s of individual <strong>de</strong>cisi<strong>on</strong>s that can resp<strong>on</strong>d to a signal of individual awareness, or <strong>on</strong>building energy-saving buildings which can take advantage of the full potential of materials andbuilding systems to produce the savings from the first day, as an expressi<strong>on</strong> of collective or socialc<strong>on</strong>sciousness, assumed by all users.There are properties of building materials that can be observed at building level. Such is the case ofthe thermal inertia of heavy building materials, specifically c<strong>on</strong>crete, that can provi<strong>de</strong> significantenergy savings due to a reducti<strong>on</strong> in global energy <strong>de</strong>mand in an annual basis.In this c<strong>on</strong>text the questi<strong>on</strong> arises whether a c<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> of a building in c<strong>on</strong>crete, compared to ac<strong>on</strong>venti<strong>on</strong>al soluti<strong>on</strong>, is able to generate a positive payback of the increased cost and energy (oradditi<strong>on</strong>al footprints) that involves the use of c<strong>on</strong>crete during the life of the building.The presentati<strong>on</strong> compares a traditi<strong>on</strong>al structure c<strong>on</strong>sisting of reinforced c<strong>on</strong>crete frames for ac<strong>on</strong>venti<strong>on</strong>al-type building, with another soluti<strong>on</strong>, for the same building, in which the faça<strong>de</strong> and innerwalls and partiti<strong>on</strong>s are ma<strong>de</strong> of structural c<strong>on</strong>crete. The building, has these structural c<strong>on</strong>cretepartiti<strong>on</strong>s that act as vertical active resistant elements of the building’s structure and additi<strong>on</strong>ally havethe a<strong>de</strong>quate thickness to comply the requirements of acoustic isolati<strong>on</strong> specified in the SpanishTechnical Co<strong>de</strong> of Buildings. Moreover, the c<strong>on</strong>crete structure provi<strong>de</strong>s a high thermal inertia which, ina passive way, improves the buildings energy efficiency, saving energy used for heating and coolingpurposes.The study performed in collaborati<strong>on</strong> with the Eduardo Torroja C<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> Institute of Science andthe Castilla La Mancha University shows that a c<strong>on</strong>crete building using the thermal inertia of the slabsand inner partiti<strong>on</strong>s c<strong>on</strong>structed entirely with reinforced c<strong>on</strong>crete is, <strong>on</strong> average, 16 % more efficientthan a c<strong>on</strong>venti<strong>on</strong>al building. This 16% inclu<strong>de</strong>s the combined effect of the thermal mass provi<strong>de</strong>d bythe c<strong>on</strong>crete and the absence of thermal bridges that provi<strong>de</strong>s this c<strong>on</strong>structive soluti<strong>on</strong>, enabling thatthe additi<strong>on</strong>al investment of the additi<strong>on</strong>al c<strong>on</strong>crete used and its embodied energy, return during thelife cycle of the building (15 years <strong>on</strong> average), offering net savings, both ec<strong>on</strong>omic and in terms ofCO 2 emissi<strong>on</strong>s over its service life.37º <str<strong>on</strong>g>IAHS</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>World</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>C<strong>on</strong>gress</str<strong>on</strong>g> On <strong>Housing</strong> Science 28
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