Tikchik village: a nineteenth century riverine community in ... - Cluster

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256 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME 56Fig. 18. Kashgee 2.observer and continues to impress him. Located in the extremesoutheastern corner of the site, it stood apart from the other structuresand rose above them at the same time. The large amount ofearth that had been piled around the tunnel and the front wall is alsoimpressive. In fact, it is worth noting that the kashgee was not duginto relatively level ground as were the dwellings, but was actuallycut into the side of the hill. Thus it was possible to make it deepwith a minimum of digging.Although large and impressive looking, this kashgee was not asdifficult or as time consuming to excavate as the one previously described.Roof beams had apparently been removed prior to theirThecollapse so that their presence did not impede the excavation.main room was not extensively filled with debris and although the
VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 257removal of sod and overlying fill required some exertion on the partof the excavators because of the depth of the room, the excavationwas completed in a reasonable amount of time. Only the tunnel,being long and nearly completely filled, was difficult to excavate.The main chamber of kashgee 2 was virtually square.Horizontalwall logs were found around all four sides and they were held in placewith vertical supports. There were at least four logs along each walland possibly five. Single timbers stretched the entire length of theback wall but on the sides two sets of shorter logs were used. Bencheswere located on all four sides and were easy to define because of beingpartly made of beach gravel that had apparently been broughtup from the river bank. The hauling of gravel fill in this mannermust have been a major undertaking. An effort was made to determinehow deep the gravel was and it turned out to be at least 70 cm.in the three places tested. The surfaces of the benches consisted ofa dark compact layer beneath which it was virtually impossible todig because of the gravel. There was some indication that thinplanks may have covered at least one bench, but this was uncertain.The benches sloped away toward the center of the chamber in muchthe same manner as in kashgee 1 and the center floor, or hearth pit,117 cm. below the bench surfaces, was approximately 13^ m. square.This entire area was covered with bits of charcoal and darkened earthand gravel. The tunnel extended through the front bench and enteredthe hearth pit at the floor level, an arrangement described byZagoskin (1967, p. 115) for kashgees which he saw in southwesternAlaska in 1842-1844. There was a slight step-up about 75 cm. infront of the hearth pit and another one at the point where the tunnelentered. It will be noted that the tunnel did not form a cold trapin the usual sense, but doubtless served as one in terms of thoseseated on the high benches. It is probable that some form of trapdoor connected the two sections of bench on either side of the tunneland, in fact, the remains of a short horizontal plank at this pointsuggests such a disposition. This trap door would doubtless be downmost of the time but could be raised to allow people to enter the hearthpit area easily. A trap door may also have covered the center of thekashgee at a point level with the bench surfaces. This arrangementhas been described for the kashgee at Nushagak (Swineford, 1898,pp. 164-166) and would not only give more room for activities in thekashgee, but would allow performers in the ceremonies to appearmysteriously before those seated on the benches.
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Page 12 and 13: Ivan Ishnook, the last Tikchik surv
Page 14 and 15: Library of Congress Catalog Card Nu
Page 16 and 17: Listof IllustrationsIvan Ishnook, t
Page 18 and 19: 216 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
Page 20 and 21: 218
Page 22 and 23: c^^NtKushaqakfOdinochka-, Lake,.Lna
Page 24 and 25: Tikchik Village inHistoryThe meanin
Page 34 and 35: 232
Page 40 and 41: 238 FIELDIAN A: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUM
Page 48 and 49: 246 FIELDIANA: ANTHROLPOLOGY, VOLUM
Page 52 and 53: 25a FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
Page 64: 262 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
Page 67 and 68: CollectionsIn this chapter the arti
Page 69 and 70: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 267type i
Page 71 and 72: Plate 3, Ground Stone and Antler Ar
Page 73 and 74: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 271edge.
Page 75 and 76: Plate 4. Bone and Antler Artifacts.
Page 77 and 78: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 275isobvi
Page 79 and 80: Plate 6. Bone, Antler, Bark and Lea
Page 81 and 82: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 279One of
Page 83 and 84: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 281is fla
Page 85 and 86: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 283be not
Page 87 and 88: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 285Thus t
Page 89 and 90: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 287row sl
Page 91 and 92: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 289of the
Page 93 and 94: 14 15Plate 8. Metal, Glass and Impo
Page 95 and 96: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 293have b
Page 97 and 98: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 295Of the
Page 99 and 100: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 297(Fonta
Page 101 and 102: Plate 9. Metal Artifacts. 1. Ovate-
Page 103 and 104: Plate 10. Metal Artifacts. 1. Flint
Page 105 and 106: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 303barrel
Page 107 and 108: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 305size n
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 307histor
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 309Crow V
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 313wait,
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Plate lib. Locally-made Pottery. La
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 317Stone,
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 319Much m
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 321centur
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 323how pe
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 325River
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 327list j
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 329River
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 331suit o
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 333Bristo
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 335mercia
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 337estima
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Spring and summerVANSTONE: TIKCHIK
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Interpretations and ConclusionsThe
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 343United
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 345p. 230
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 347forest
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 349could,
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them.VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 351T
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 353Cobb,
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 3551902.
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 3571967.
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Publication 1057
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