Tikchik village: a nineteenth century riverine community in ... - Cluster

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290 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME 56ments tend to be from deep vessels with smooth rims. Generallyspeaking, all the wares, with the possible exception of a few transferprintedsaucer fragments, give the impression of being heavy, crudelydecorated, and highly utilitarian.Unfortunately, the non-Eskimo pottery from Tikchik, like thatfrom other historic sites in Alaska, is not useful for dating within narrowlimits. Ironstone ware is still being made and design elements,both in the United States and England, were so widely borrowed thatthey appear to have no chronological significance. Specimens oftransfer-printed ware and hand-painted ware in the Tikchik collectionclosely resemble examples from the Taral site on the CopperRiver (VanStone, 1955) and the Crow Village site (Oswalt and Van-Stone, 1967). At these latter sites the wares exhibited definite latenineteenth or early twentieth century characteristics such as shadeof color, sharply-cut design, rounded saucer foot rims, extreme hardwhiteness, crude application of color and design, etc. The Tikchiktransfer-printed and hand-painted wares thus can date no earlierthan the latter part of the nineteenth century.A single bottom sherd of hand-painted ware and a plain white mugfragment have clearly visible potter's marks. The former mark consistsof a lion and unicorn coat of arms with the words "Royal IronstoneChina" above and "Johnson Bros., England" below (PI. 8,4).This is one of the marks of Johnson Brothers (Hanley) Ltd., an oldEnglish firm dating back to 1758 which, in 1883, was acquired by theJohnson brothers and began to produce white ware for the Americanmarket (Rhead, 1910, pp. 152-153; Thorn, 1947, p. 80; Godden,1964, p. 355) The second mark also had the words "Royal Ironstone.China," this time located above and below a crown design. Belowthis are the words "Maddock & Co.," "Burslem, England," "trademark." The firm of John Maddock and Sons, Ltd. in Burslem wasfounded in 1830 and specialized in the manufacture of "useful merchantilewares," chiefly for export to the American market. Thecompany is still in existence but this particular mark began to beused around the turn of the century (Rhead, 1910, p. 171 ; Godden,1964, p. 406).On the basis of these two marks it would seem that at least partof the ironstone ware from the Tikchik site is of British manufacture.However, it is also possible that some of the ware is American. In1891 the United States began to require that all imports, includingpottery, be labeled with the name of the country of origin. Therefore,after 1891 all English pottery exported to the United States was
14 15Plate 8. Metal, Glass and Imported Pottery Artifacts. 1. Transfer-printedpottery fragment, p. 289; 2. Transfer-printed pottery fragment, p. 289; 3. Transfer-printedpottery fragment, p. 289: 4. Sherd showing potter's mark, p. 290; 5.Button, p. 292; 6. Transfer-printed pottery fragment, p. 289; 7. Hand-paintedpottery fragment, p. 289; 8. Hand-painted pottery fragment, p. 289; 9. Bottleneck fragment, p. 293; 10. Bottle neck fragment, p. 293; 11. Iron handle, p. 298;12. Can top or bottom, p. 298; 13. Wire-wound, translucent blue bead, p. 294;14. Nail, p. 296; 15. Spike, p. 296.291
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Ivan Ishnook, the last Tikchik surv
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Library of Congress Catalog Card Nu
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Listof IllustrationsIvan Ishnook, t
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216 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
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218
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c^^NtKushaqakfOdinochka-, Lake,.Lna
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Tikchik Village inHistoryThe meanin
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232
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238 FIELDIAN A: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUM
Page 42 and 43: 240 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
Page 48 and 49: 246 FIELDIANA: ANTHROLPOLOGY, VOLUM
Page 52 and 53: 25a FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
Page 64: 262 FIELDIANA: ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME
Page 67 and 68: CollectionsIn this chapter the arti
Page 69 and 70: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 267type i
Page 71 and 72: Plate 3, Ground Stone and Antler Ar
Page 73 and 74: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 271edge.
Page 75 and 76: Plate 4. Bone and Antler Artifacts.
Page 77 and 78: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 275isobvi
Page 79 and 80: Plate 6. Bone, Antler, Bark and Lea
Page 81 and 82: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 279One of
Page 83 and 84: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 281is fla
Page 85 and 86: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 283be not
Page 87 and 88: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 285Thus t
Page 89 and 90: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 287row sl
Page 91: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 289of the
Page 95 and 96: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 293have b
Page 97 and 98: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 295Of the
Page 99 and 100: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 297(Fonta
Page 101 and 102: Plate 9. Metal Artifacts. 1. Ovate-
Page 103 and 104: Plate 10. Metal Artifacts. 1. Flint
Page 105 and 106: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 303barrel
Page 107 and 108: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 305size n
Page 109 and 110: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 307histor
Page 111 and 112: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 309Crow V
Page 113 and 114: ^ HIS--I rj 1-H ^1-H i-H (M 1-H --(
Page 115 and 116: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 313wait,
Page 117 and 118: Plate lib. Locally-made Pottery. La
Page 119 and 120: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 317Stone,
Page 121 and 122: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 319Much m
Page 123 and 124: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 321centur
Page 125 and 126: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 323how pe
Page 127 and 128: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 325River
Page 129 and 130: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 327list j
Page 131 and 132: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 329River
Page 133 and 134: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 331suit o
Page 135 and 136: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 333Bristo
Page 137 and 138: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 335mercia
Page 139 and 140: VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 337estima
Page 141 and 142: Spring and summerVANSTONE: TIKCHIK
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Interpretations and ConclusionsThe
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 343United
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 345p. 230
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 347forest
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 349could,
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them.VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 351T
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 353Cobb,
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 3551902.
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VANSTONE: TIKCHIK VILLAGE 3571967.
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Publication 1057
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