Oceans of noise - Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society

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Available at:http://www.unep.ch/seas/main/persga/convtext.htmlConvention for the Protection of the Natural Resources andEnvironment of the South Pacific Region (“NoumeaConvention”)See:http://sedac.ciesin.org/pidb/texts/natural.resources.south.pacific.1986.htmlConvention for the Protection of the Marine Environment andCoastal Area of the South-East Pacific (“Lima Convention”)Available at: Error! Bookmark not defined.Convention for Co-operation in the Protection andDevelopment of the Marine and Coastal Environment of theWest and Central African Region (“Abidjan Convention”)Available at: Error! Bookmark not defined.Convention for Cooperation in the Protection and SustainableDevelopment of the Marine and Coastal Environment of theNortheast PacificAvailable at:http://www.unep.ch/seas/main/nep/nepconve.html1986 19901981 19861981 19842002 not yet129
Appendix C - Selected provisions of regional seas treatiesTreatyProvision (emphasis added)OSPAR Convention Article 5Pollution from offshore sourcesThe Contracting Parties shall take, individually and jointly, allpossible steps to prevent and eliminate pollution from offshoresources in accordance with the provisions of the Convention, inparticular as provided for in Annex III.Article 1DefinitionsFor the purposes of the Convention:[...](j) “Offshore activities” means activities carried out in the maritimearea for the purposes of the exploration, appraisal or exploitation ofliquid and gaseous hydrocarbons.(k) “Offshore sources” means offshore installations and offshorepipelines from which substances or energy reach the maritime area.(l) “Offshore installation” means any man-made structure, plant orvessel or parts thereof, whether floating or fixed to the seabed, placedwithin the maritime area for the purpose of offshore activities.(m) “Offshore pipeline” means any pipeline which has been placed inthe maritime area for the purpose of offshore activities.[...]Helsinki Convention Article 12Exploration and exploitation of the seabed and its subsoil1. Each Contracting Party shall take all measures in order to preventpollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area resultingfrom exploration or exploitation of its part of the seabed and thesubsoil thereof or from any associated activities thereon as well as toensure that adequate preparedness is maintained for immediateresponse actions against pollution incidents caused by such activities.2. In order to prevent and eliminate pollution from such activities theContracting Parties undertake to implement the procedures andmeasures set out in Annex VI, as far as they are applicable.130
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Oceans of Noise 2004A WDCS Science
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In the US, the deployment of Low Fr
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its propagation beyond those declar
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The best evidence for noise being f
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Box 1. Characteristics of sound / l
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Sound speed (c)The speed (c) of a w
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Box 2. The effects of temperature,
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2.1.2. Measuring sound intensityIde
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i.e. Equal pressure measurements di
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Spherical or Geometrical spreading
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5.0 145Tug pulling loaded barge 1.0
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The source used during 3-D surveys
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Machinery noisePropulsion machinery
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Man-made islands /caissonsFixed pla
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12 3245Drill bit6Figure 3.4. Sound
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Transientnoise sourcesAircraftHelic
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Results from the aerial surveys con
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haemorrhaging in the inner ears and
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However they also noted that whales
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4. The Use of Sound by CetaceansChr
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seems logical, therefore, that if t
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However, despite the reported low a
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Kamminga and Wiersma 1981;Akamatsu
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SongSocial callsShrieksSlaps0.03-80
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anthropogenic factors that make the
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5.3 Longer-term impactsNoise is cle
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5.4 Indirect impactsThe above impac
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decompression sickness (DCS) as see
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6. Examples of regional and nationa
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6.3 ASCOBANS and ACCOBAMSTwo region
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implications and the discussion sho
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7.1. Consideration of Voluntary vs.
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acoustic measurements have been mad
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7.6. Methods of protectionComplianc
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7.6.1 Monitoring7.6.1.1 Visual, aco
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Delory et al. (2002) use Ambient No
Page 80 and 81: 8. ReferencesAburto, A., Rountry, D
Page 82 and 83: Caldwell, M.C., Caldwell, D.K., and
Page 84 and 85: Engas, A., Lokkeborg, S., Ona, E. a
Page 86 and 87: IWC 2002b. Report of the Scientific
Page 88 and 89: McCauley, R.D. 1994. Seismic Survey
Page 90 and 91: Potter, J. and Delory, E. 2001. Noi
Page 92 and 93: Smolker, R.A., Mann, J. and Smuts,
Page 94 and 95: Watkins, W.A. 1981b. The activities
Page 96 and 97: ANNEX 1The Application of Marine Po
Page 98 and 99: an important factor. 13 The judgeme
Page 100 and 101: in the preparatory work of the LOSC
Page 102 and 103: practice by the UNEP Governing Coun
Page 104 and 105: protection and preservation of the
Page 106 and 107: than international rules, standards
Page 108 and 109: Four of the twelve regional seas tr
Page 110 and 111: seismic operations in the Protocol
Page 112 and 113: ConclusionAt the global level, only
Page 114 and 115: Art 209 LOSC focuses on both standa
Page 116 and 117: No State Party may impose condition
Page 118 and 119: coastal States”. This formulation
Page 120 and 121: If the IMO makes this determination
Page 122 and 123: estrictions to vessels operating in
Page 124 and 125: In the EEZ, in comparison to the te
Page 126 and 127: Appendix A - Some international ins
Page 128 and 129: Convention for the Protection of th
Page 132 and 133: BucharestConventionArticle XIPollut
Page 134 and 135: environment1. The Contracting Parti
Page 136 and 137: - that under Article III.8.c) of AC
Page 138 and 139: e) no sudden or repeated change in
Page 140 and 141: Ref: Nowacek et al. 2001.Location:
Page 142 and 143: Location: Arctic• Vocal behaviour
Page 144 and 145: • Vaquita surfacing duration and
Page 146 and 147: • 6% of small delphinids (n=264;
Page 148 and 149: Species type: Boto, Inia geoffrensi
Page 150 and 151: • Humpback whales appeared tolera
Page 152 and 153: • Behaviour interpreted as aggres
Page 154 and 155: • There was no evidence of minke
Page 156 and 157: • Northern right whales may be ap
Page 158 and 159: • Migrating gray whales disturbed
Page 160 and 161: to Ensenada De La Paz, Mexico. Aqua
Page 162 and 163: distribution of humpback whales, Me
Page 164 and 165: Richardson, C.R. Greene, C.I. Malme
Page 166 and 167: Zhou, K., Pilleri, G. and Li, Y. 19
Page 168 and 169: 6. surveys for Cuvier’s beaked wh
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