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6Human Development Index (HDI)by district, 1999 and 2002ProvinceDistrictLiveexpectancy(years)Adultliteracy rate(%)Mean yearsof schooling(years)Adjusted realper capitaexpenditure(thousand rupiah)HDIHDIRankingHDIreductionin shortfall1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999–200211. Nangroe Aceh Darussalam 67.6 67.7 93.1 95.8 7.2 7.8 562.8 557.5 65.3 66.0 12 15 1.301. Simeulue 62.2 94.0 5.7 568.2 61.8 29102. Aceh Singkil 62.7 95.4 6.4 558.3 62.2 28803. South Aceh* 64.0 64.7 91.3 95.0 6.3 7.3 560.6 558.3 62.1 63.8 210 248 1.704. South East Aceh 67.8 68.3 90.7 95.1 7.0 8.6 552.8 557.5 63.9 66.8 154 148 2.005. East Aceh 67.3 67.9 93.9 96.5 7.0 7.6 565.5 565.2 65.4 66.7 107 152 1.506. Central Aceh 66.7 67.1 97.2 96.6 7.8 8.4 559.8 562.5 66.0 66.7 94 150 1.307. West Aceh* 68.1 68.4 91.2 94.4 6.2 7.5 561.5 554.0 64.3 65.6 145 183 1.508. Aceh Besar 69.2 69.5 94.4 94.4 8.0 8.3 559.6 559.7 66.8 67.2 76 136 1.109. Piddie 67.6 67.7 87.6 96.4 6.7 8.3 567.6 573.9 64.1 67.8 149 115 2.210. Bireuen 72.7 96.9 9.0 566.4 70.5 6311. North Aceh* 68.4 68.9 94.5 97.9 7.3 8.9 524.2 530.3 63.1 65.9 179 173 2.071. Banda Aceh 68.2 68.5 97.7 98.9 10.3 11.1 583.0 586.8 70.5 71.9 23 39 1.772. Sabang 68.6 68.8 94.8 96.5 8.4 9.1 518.2 579.6 63.7 69.5 162 75 2.512. North Sumatera 67.1 67.3 95.8 96.1 8.0 8.4 568.7 589.2 66.6 68.8 8 7 1.901. Nias 66.4 66.8 85.7 82.9 5.7 5.7 413.7 566.5 50.4 61.8 288 292 2.802. Mandailing Natal 62.0 96.5 6.8 575.9 63.7 25503. South Tapanuli* 64.5 65.2 99.3 99.4 7.7 8.6 561.6 587.3 65.2 68.4 114 96 2.104. Central Tapanuli 65.5 65.6 93.8 94.7 6.9 7.6 537.6 575.4 62.1 65.8 207 174 2.105. North Tapanuli* 65.2 65.4 96.2 97.2 8.2 8.3 566.9 582.2 65.7 67.3 103 134 1.706. Toba Samosir 66.9 96.2 9.1 594.7 69.5 7307. Labuhan Batu 65.5 65.9 96.5 96.0 7.3 7.6 550.9 589.3 64.0 67.3 150 132 2.108. Asahan 66.9 67.2 93.7 94.1 6.9 6.9 567.4 587.8 65.1 67.0 117 143 1.809. Simalungun 67.2 67.4 93.6 96.4 7.1 8.0 563.1 586.2 65.1 68.3 119 98 2.110. Dairi 65.4 65.9 96.8 96.8 7.6 7.9 509.8 582.2 61.1 67.2 232 137 2.511. Karo 70.6 71.0 95.5 97.6 7.9 8.7 576.2 582.9 69.1 70.9 36 54 1.812. Deli Serdang 66.0 66.3 94.0 95.1 7.7 8.3 577.9 595.1 66.1 68.4 90 95 1.913. Langkat 68.8 67.1 97.2 97.4 7.7 8.2 561.3 583.6 67.1 68.3 70 97 1.571. Sibolga 68.4 68.6 98.5 99.1 8.8 9.6 573.1 585.1 68.9 70.7 37 58 1.872. Tanjung Balai 66.9 67.2 97.0 96.3 7.8 8.4 570.3 576.5 66.8 67.8 77 118 1.473. Pematang Siantar 70.1 70.9 98.4 98.7 9.5 10.3 579.9 606.9 70.9 74.1 17 10 2.274. Tebing Tinggi 69.5 70.0 97.8 97.6 8.9 9.2 573.0 595.3 69.5 71.6 31 43 1.975. Medan 69.2 69.4 98.8 99.1 9.9 10.5 579.8 606.3 70.8 73.5 19 15 2.176. Binjai 69.1 69.4 97.3 97.7 8.9 9.6 565.1 594.7 68.5 71.6 47 44 2.113. West Sumatera 65.5 66.1 94.7 95.1 7.4 8.0 577.3 589.0 65.8 67.5 9 8 1.701. Kepulauan Mentawai 67.1 90.8 5.8 571.0 64.1 23802. South Pesisir 64.3 64.8 93.4 93.9 6.9 7.4 576.0 587.1 64.4 65.9 143 170 1.603. Solok 60.2 61.6 94.7 95.8 6.2 6.8 572.9 581.9 61.6 63.7 228 253 1.804. Sawah Lunto/Sijunjung 60.4 62.2 91.7 87.3 7.0 6.3 576.8 578.2 61.9 61.5 216 299 -1.005. Tanah Datar 67.2 67.4 93.2 95.5 7.1 7.8 576.2 589.8 66.1 68.2 91 101 1.806. Padang Pariaman* 64.4 64.9 93.5 93.3 6.5 6.8 580.0 590.5 64.4 65.7 139 178 1.507. Agam 67.2 67.3 94.2 95.5 6.9 7.8 578.1 587.5 66.3 68.0 87 105 1.708. Limapuluh Koto 64.7 65.3 94.8 97.5 6.8 7.3 574.2 583.5 64.6 66.7 135 149 1.809. Pasaman 61.1 62.1 93.9 94.4 6.6 7.2 570.0 586.4 62.0 64.4 214 227 1.871. Padang 68.8 68.8 97.2 98.2 9.6 10.8 585.4 607.3 70.4 73.2 24 20 2.172. Solok 66.3 66.6 97.6 97.3 8.7 9.7 579.8 604.1 68.0 70.7 59 61 2.073. Sawah Lunto 70.1 70.5 97.4 96.6 7.8 8.5 571.8 589.7 68.8 70.8 41 56 1.974. Padang Panjang 69.2 69.5 97.4 98.5 9.5 10.2 586.9 608.7 70.8 73.4 18 18 2.175. Bukit Tinggi 69.8 70.1 98.7 98.0 9.7 10.2 578.9 609.6 70.9 73.6 16 13 2.176. Payakumbuh 66.8 67.1 97.1 96.3 8.4 9.0 578.6 590.0 67.9 69.2 62 83 1.6102 National Human Development Report 2004
ProvinceDistrictLiveexpectancy(years)Adultliteracy rate(%)Mean yearsof schooling(years)Adjusted realper capitaexpenditure(thousand rupiah)HDIHDIRankingHDIreductionin shortfall1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999 2002 1999–200214. Riau 67.8 68.1 95.5 96.5 7.3 8.3 579.6 588.3 67.3 69.1 4 5 1.801. Kuantan Sengingi 65.2 98.0 7.7 578.4 66.7 15502. Indragiri Hulu* 64.8 65.0 92.8 95.5 6.7 7.3 574.2 577.4 64.2 65.6 147 184 1.603. Indragiri Hilir 68.0 68.1 96.8 98.1 6.2 6.7 571.5 581.5 66.3 67.8 58 117 1.604. Pelalawan 66.4 94.1 6.0 585.2 588.4 65.9 17105. Siak 70.5 98.2 8.8 587.9 71.2 5106. Kampar* 65.7 66.0 95.7 97.8 6.3 7.7 577.7 589.4 65.3 67.8 110 109 1.907. Rokan Hulu 63.3 95.0 6.4 581.4 64.2 23408. Bengkalis* 68.7 69.1 95.5 95.3 7.0 8.2 570.9 588.9 66.9 69.4 74 77 2.009. Rokan Hilir 66.1 95.4 7.1 574.5 65.8 17510. Kepulauan Riau* 68.3 68.8 90.9 88.3 6.6 6.9 585.2 596.1 66.5 67.3 84 135 1.311. Karimun 68.6 94.4 7.4 601.4 69.3 8012. Natuna 65.9 90.6 6.9 576.7 64.7 21771. Pekan Baru 70.2 70.4 99.5 99.3 10.0 11.1 581.2 591.7 71.7 73.4 10 17 1.872. Batam 69.3 69.7 96.3 99.0 9.1 10.9 596.3 597.3 70.9 73.2 15 19 2.073. Dumai 69.8 98.9 9.8 585.2 71.5 4515. Jambi 66.6 66.9 93.7 94.7 6.8 7.4 574.3 585.6 65.4 67.1 11 10 1.701. Kerinci 68.2 68.9 94.9 93.1 7.7 7.3 576.8 586.6 67.5 68.0 64 106 1.102. Merangin 66.3 95.7 6.8 581.9 66.3 16103. Sarolangun* 66.2 66.6 92.8 90.2 6.3 6.0 578.2 585.3 65.0 65.0 124 203 -0.504. Batanghari* 65.7 66.2 95.2 96.8 6.0 6.9 573.6 582.9 64.6 66.7 136 154 1.805. Muara Jambi 66.3 94.0 6.8 589.3 66.6 15806. East Tanjung Jabung 66.9 93.9 6.2 575.4 65.3 192Tanjung Jabung 67.8 92.1 5.9 554.4 63.6 16807. West Tanjung Jabung 68.8 96.0 7.2 582.9 68.2 10208. Tebo 65.7 91.9 6.5 581.9 64.9 207Bungo Tebo 63.6 92.4 6.4 568.0 62.7 19309. Bungo 62.6 94.6 6.9 583.8 64.2 23271. Jambi 68.4 68.8 95.3 97.8 8.5 10.0 585.1 592.4 68.9 71.4 38 46 2.016. South Sumatera* 65.5 65.7 93.4 94.1 6.6 7.1 564.5 582.9 63.9 66.0 16 16 1.801. Ogan Komering Ulu 67.8 68.0 91.5 92.2 6.2 6.5 567.3 585.4 64.7 66.6 134 157 1.702. Ogan Komering Hilir 62.5 62.8 93.4 93.3 5.5 6.3 543.3 576.5 59.8 63.1 254 268 2.003. Muara Enim (Liot) 63.8 64.3 95.4 94.0 6.5 6.5 561.4 576.5 63.1 64.2 185 236 1.404. Lahat 63.3 63.8 96.2 96.6 6.8 7.1 560.4 577.8 63.1 65.1 181 199 1.805. Musi Rawas 61.3 61.8 91.2 91.2 6.2 6.4 559.2 575.4 60.4 62.0 249 289 1.606. Musi Banyuasin 66.7 66.9 93.3 92.1 5.5 5.9 435.7 574.5 53.8 64.6 279 220 2.971. Palembang 67.8 68.3 95.9 97.8 8.7 9.7 577.4 596.1 68.3 71.2 51 50 2.117. Bengkulu 65.2 65.4 92.7 93.0 7.0 7.6 576.6 586.6 64.8 66.2 13 14 1.601. South Bengkulu 63.9 64.2 90.4 93.5 6.2 7.4 564.7 579.3 62.0 65.0 213 204 2.002. Rejang Lebong 62.2 62.6 92.5 93.0 6.5 6.8 576.4 588.6 62.7 64.2 196 233 1.603. North Bengkulu 65.6 65.9 90.4 89.2 5.8 6.5 570.8 581.0 63.2 64.4 178 224 1.571. Bengkulu 69.3 69.5 98.3 98.4 10.1 10.6 592.5 596.1 71.8 72.7 9 31 1.518. Lampung 65.9 66.1 91.8 93.0 6.4 6.9 567.0 583.3 63.0 65.8 18 18 2.001. West Lampung 65.1 63.8 92.4 93.8 6.0 6.9 561.7 562.8 62.8 63.1 190 267 0.902. Tanggamus 66.0 92.1 6.5 586.1 65.5 18903. South Lampung* 65.1 65.2 91.7 91.1 6.1 6.3 570.7 582.4 63.4 64.4 174 226 1.404. East Lampung 68.1 90.2 6.2 582.1 65.7 17605. Central Lampung* 66.8 67.2 89.2 93.5 6.2 6.9 571.4 587.7 63.9 66.9 155 147 2.006. North Lampung* 65.1 65.4 92.2 96.0 5.6 7.2 538.5 583.1 60.7 66.3 246 162 2.407. Way Kanan 66.3 94.5 6.0 569.2 64.5 22208. Tulang Bawang 64.7 92.3 6.1 573.6 63.5 26071. Bandar Lampung 67.7 67.8 96.3 96.5 8.7 9.6 580.2 594.9 68.5 70.5 48 65 1.872. Metro 71.8 96.5 9.5 605.3 73.4 16National Human Development Report 2004103
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NationalHuman DevelopmentReport 200
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ForewordIndonesia has made critical
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AcknowledgementsThis Report is a re
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AbbreviationsAPBDAPBNASEANBAPPENASB
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TABLES2.1 - Comparison of per capit
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIndonesiaNational
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to meet the Millennium Development
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Chapter 1Indonesia in transition:To
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The place of human development in I
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Chapter 2The state of human develop
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Figure 2.4 - Map of human developme
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Figure 2.4 - Social indicators, 197
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of income and corporate taxes has r
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Figure 2.10 - GDP growth, 1990-2003
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Table 2.4 - Proportion of total bri
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In addition, the overall sense of p
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themselves. On this basis Indonesia
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Box 3.2 - Pathways to human develop
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Table 3.3 - Infant mortality rate a
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poor is a clear recognition that de
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educing the infant mortality rate m
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assuming that 1.3 trillion would co
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The national figure would certainly
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expenditure. In practice, it would
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Table 4.2 - Provincial breakdown of
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administration, plus an allowance f
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Figure 4.5 - Ratio of salaries of p
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Appendix to Chapter 4Health and edu
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The third is the ‘Special Fund’
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Chapter 5Rethinking fiscal prioriti
Page 63 and 64: At the very outset, however, it sho
Page 65 and 66: enforcement particularly for person
Page 67 and 68: Another risk from decentralization
Page 69 and 70: Box 5.2 - Variations in poverty con
Page 71 and 72: physical security - which contribut
Page 73 and 74: centre, for example, played a signi
Page 75 and 76: BibliographyAbidin, A. (2002), 1 st
Page 77 and 78: LPEM-FEUI (2004), Draft Final Repor
Page 79 and 80: Subbarao, K., A. Bonnerjee, J. Brai
Page 81 and 82: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS AND IN
Page 83 and 84: The human development approach brin
Page 85 and 86: Box 2HDI, HPI-1, GDI and GEMHuman D
Page 87 and 88: What do the human developmentindice
Page 89 and 90: Table 1 - Districts making the grea
Page 91 and 92: Table 2 - Districts with the highes
Page 93 and 94: Figure 8 - GDI by province, 1999-20
Page 95 and 96: Figure 12 - HPI by components, 1999
Page 97 and 98: Technical workshopon human developm
Page 99 and 100: • The percentage of households wi
Page 101 and 102: 11 Percentage of people with self-t
Page 103 and 104: Annex 2N a m esGROUP IIChairperson:
Page 105 and 106: Changes in names due to the formati
Page 107 and 108: LampungKab. Lampung Selatan (South
Page 109 and 110: 1Human Development Index (HDI)by pr
Page 111 and 112: 3Gender-related Development Index (
Page 113: 5Human Poverty Index (HPI)by provin
Page 117 and 118: ProvinceDistrictLiveexpectancy(year
Page 123 and 124: ProvinceDistrictLife expectancy(yea
Page 129 and 130: 8Gender Development Index (GDI)by d
Page 131 and 132: ProvinceDistrictProportionof popula
Page 137 and 138: 9Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)by
Page 139 and 140: ProvinceDistrictParticipationof wom
Page 141 and 142: ProvinceKabupaten/KotaDistrictParti
Page 143 and 144: ProvinceKabupaten/KotaDistrictParti
Page 153 and 154: ProvinceDistrictPeople notexpected
Page 161 and 162: ProvinceDistrictInfantmortalityrate
Page 163 and 164: ProvinceDistrictInfantmortalityrate
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ProvinceDistrictInfantmortalityrate
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ProvinceDistrictInfantmortalityrate
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ProvinceDistrictSchool Participatio
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ProvinceDistrictHouseholds withacce
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ProvinceDistrictReal per capita GRD
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ProvinceDistrictLabourforceparticip
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ProvinceDistrictDevelopmentexpendit
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Computing the indicesThe Human Deve
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Calculating the HDIThis illustratio
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Calculating the GDIAs an example, t
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Definitions of Statistical TermsAcc
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School drop-out rate: the proportio
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