Economic Impacts of Parks, Rivers, Trails and Greenways

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Perspective. Available at http://www.outdoorindustry.orgRoper ASW. January 2004. Outdoor Recreation In America 2003: Recreation’s Benefits toSociety Challenged by Trends. Prepared for The Recreation Roundtable. Available atwww.funoutdoors.comSnowsports Industries America. March 2004. U.S. Ski & Snowboard Industry Retail AuditTopline Report: Executive Market Summary. Available athttp://www.thesnowtrade.orgSporting Goods Manufacturers Association. All reports available at http://www.sgma.com 2002. Sports Participation in America: 2002 edition. Participation Trends in 103Fitness, Sports, Outdoor and Recreational Activities. 2004. Sports Participation Topline Report: 2004 Edition.Trust for Public Land (TPL). 1999. The Economic Benefits of Open Space. Available athttp://www.tpl.orgU.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Department ofCommerce, U.S. Census Bureau. 2001 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, andWildlife-Associated Recreation. Available athttp://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/FHW01.pdfU.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. 2001. Wildlife Study, OMB: 1018-0088.Voinovich, George. August 25, 2003. Testimony by the Senator at Hearings on Restorationand Protection of the Great Lakes, U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and PublicWorks, Cleveland, Ohio.York County Department of Parks and Recreation. June 2002. Heritage Rail Trail CountyPark: 2001 User Survey and Economic Impact Analysis.3.3.13 Additional InformationData on consumer spending is available on a regional basis or broken down bydemographics. Consider the following data from the Outdoor Industry Foundation, whichpublishes the number of participants in each state in the following sports: backpacking,bicycling (paved road, off-road, and single track), bird watching, camping, canoeing,climbing (natural rock, artificial wall, and ice), fly fishing, hiking, kayaking (recreation,touring/sea, and whitewater), rafting, skiing (cross-country/Nordic and Telemark),snowshoeing, and trail running. Note that this expenditure data is based on the estimatedamount consumers spent on outdoor products and that it reflects the amount spent byresidents of each state, but does not take into account in which state they bought theirmerchandise.55
Total Annual Expenditures on merchandise (outdoor gear, apparel, footwear) by state(OIF, 2002):o Alabama: $264 milliono Arizona: $269 milliono Arkansas: $91 milliono California: $1,723 milliono Colorado: $200 milliono Connecticut: $139 milliono Delaware: $52 milliono Florida: $596 milliono Georgia: $402 milliono Idaho: $40 milliono Illinois: $457 milliono Indiana: $235 milliono Iowa: $201 milliono Kansas: $236 milliono Kentucky: $320 milliono Louisiana: $175 milliono Maine: $47 milliono Maryland: $222 milliono Massachusetts: $216 milliono Michigan: $831 milliono Minnesota: $269 milliono Mississippi: $83 milliono Missouri: $243 milliono Montana: $39 milliono Nebraska: $61 milliono Nevada: $141 milliono New Hampshire: $48 milliono New Jersey: $314 milliono New Mexico: $53 milliono New York: $707 milliono North Carolina: $492 milliono North Dakota: $23 milliono Ohio: $583 milliono Oklahoma: $208 milliono Oregon: $124 milliono Pennsylvania: $459 milliono Rhode Island: $32 milliono South Carolina: $142 milliono South Dakota: $21 milliono Tennessee: $188 milliono Texas: $1,249 milliono Utah: $96 milliono Vermont: $31 milliono Virginia: $364 million56
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ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PARKS, RIVERS,
Page 4 and 5:
AcknowledgementsI am grateful to ma
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3.5.5 Sources of Information.......
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Table 28. Hiking/Walking Organizati
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1 IntroductionParks, rivers, trails
Page 12 and 13:
Table 1.SectionAgency ExpendituresC
Page 14 and 15: provide communities with economic,
Page 16 and 17: the most current information on the
Page 18 and 19: 3.1 Agency ExpendituresThis section
Page 20 and 21: grants. About 25% of capital expend
Page 22 and 23: The Marin Conservation Corps (MCC)
Page 24 and 25: already been implemented and is ope
Page 26 and 27: Table 5.Net Benefit Per Participant
Page 28 and 29: WEST VIRGINIAWISCONSINEarthCorpsFed
Page 30 and 31: contracts that gross over $800 mill
Page 32 and 33: 3.2.2 Special EventsRevenue enhanci
Page 34 and 35: park experience to an audience who
Page 36 and 37: you have the opportunity to determi
Page 38 and 39: Use good survey methods. The better
Page 40 and 41: California. A Report to The Sierra
Page 42 and 43: powered activities 3 , a participan
Page 44 and 45: Table 11. 2003 Sport Footwear Purch
Page 46 and 47: 3.3.4 Fish and Wildlife-Related Rec
Page 48 and 49: EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENSESTotal $
Page 50 and 51: Table 17. Estimates of Retail Expen
Page 52 and 53: Table 19. U.S. Ski & Snowboard Indu
Page 54 and 55: and from services related to the Pa
Page 56 and 57: o $60 million in Harris County, TX,
Page 58 and 59: League ofAmericanBicyclistsNational
Page 60 and 61: SportingGoodsManufacturersAssociati
Page 62 and 63: necessarily better, especially in s
Page 66 and 67: o Washington: $209 milliono West Vi
Page 68 and 69: Economic Output Retail Sales Salari
Page 70 and 71: Economic Output Retail Sales Salari
Page 72 and 73: Table 35. Economic Impact of Sportf
Page 74 and 75: All Anglers Non-Resident/Tourist An
Page 76 and 77: Table 37. Per Capita Travel Receipt
Page 78 and 79: their decision to return in the fut
Page 80 and 81: Table 39. Visitors and Spending in
Page 82 and 83: 2003). Data from California Departm
Page 84 and 85: over 2003, despite high gas prices,
Page 86 and 87: management changes or actions are e
Page 88 and 89: accommodations used, and other trip
Page 90 and 91: http://www.ncdot.org/transit/bicycl
Page 92 and 93: 3.5 Estimating the Effects of Spend
Page 94 and 95: “leakage” of money from the reg
Page 96 and 97: Keep in mind that multipliers are s
Page 98 and 99: 3.5.4 How to Use These Rationales i
Page 100 and 101: economy, only those expenditures th
Page 102 and 103: For example, be aware of the differ
Page 104 and 105: 3.6 Health Care and FitnessThis sec
Page 106 and 107: active, approximately $575 million
Page 108 and 109: already had one heart attacko Impro
Page 110 and 111: uilt as part of sound policy to pro
Page 112 and 113: accounting for 14 million disabilit
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park amenities available or do not
Page 116 and 117:
National Coalitionfor PromotingPhys
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100% of all health benefits to a si
Page 120 and 121:
Pratt M, Macera CA, Wang G. 2000. H
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costs than normal weight; moderate
Page 124 and 125:
References for Additional Informati
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3.7 Benefit EstimationParks, rivers
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Table 47.Forecasted Average Benefit
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Table 48.CriteriaRecreationExperien
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people using carefully designed and
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special government funds for causes
Page 136 and 137:
Loomis, J. B., and White, D.S. 1996
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Economic Assessment for the Necedah
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Commercial UsesExpenditures byResid
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Outcomes Expenditures by GGNRA mana
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local transportation admissions and
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3.8.8 Educational ValueWhile it may
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the same municipality that are furt
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that do require storm water managem
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Summary of ActionsSimilar to corpor
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3.9 Resource Book AppendicesSeveral
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6. Spending in the area. Please rep
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local economy aren’t bringing in
Page 160 and 161:
4 ConclusionIn 1995, the National P
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