Economic Impacts of Parks, Rivers, Trails and Greenways

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Table 39. Visitors and Spending in Missouri State ParksPark Type Number of Visitors Average SpendingPerson/DaySpending of Visitorsfrom Other States(out-of-state)Overnight 11,140,577 $31.47 $72,604,058Day use 1,689,122 $50.71 $17,724,102Historic Site 972,764 $45.60 $10,156,938TOTAL 13,802,463 $37.09(average)$100,485,098"This is new money being brought into Missouri because of state parks andhistoric sites," Gov. Bob Holden said. "It also emphasizes what a major attractionour state park system is, not only to residents but to out-of-state tourists aswell."(Missouri State Government Press Release, 2003)Several studies in Montana and Utah indicate that the average daily expenditure bywilderness visitors across seven different areas equals $39.47 (Rudzitis, 1999).Table 40. Average Daily Expenditures by Wilderness VisitorsLocation of Study Expenditures /person / dayMontana wilderness (backpacking) $39.10Montana wilderness (fishing) $42.83Montana wilderness (nature study) $35.06Utah wilderness (Box Death Canyon) $38.44Utah wilderness (Dark Canyon) $47.02Utah wilderness (Grand Gulch) $37.66Utah wilderness (Paria Canyon) $36.16Average $39.47Table 41. Average Expenditures of Wilderness Visitors by Category of PurchaseIndustry Average Expenditures /person / dayGasoline $ 8.22Groceries $ 8.23Restaurant/Bar $ 6.78Lodging and Campground $ 6.47Auto/RV Rental $ 1.56Licenses/Admissions $ 1.14Recreation Equipment / Outfitter / Guide $ 1.59Retail $ 5.48Total $39.4771
A study of visitors to Rio Grande National Forest (52% of whom listed hiking as theirprimary activity) estimated that each individual spent $567.93 for lodging, $319.44 forfood and drink, and $168.44 for transportation per visit. This spending was done withina 50 mile radius of the recreation site (USDA Forest Service, 2001).Table 42. Average per person national forest trip expenditures on the Rio GrandeNational ForestExpenditure CategoryAverage expenditureGovernment owned lodging $1Privately owned lodging $567Food/drink at restaurants and bars $122Other food and beverages $197Gasoline and oil $159Other transportation (plane, bus, etc.) $9Activities (including guide fees and equipment rental) $23Entry, parking, or recreation use fees $4Souvenirs/ clothing $34Any other expenses $21Economic modeling of wildlands in the Eastern Sierra Nevada region (5.5 million acresunder management by the Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and NationalPark Service in Mono and Inyo Counties of California) shows that visitors support2,812 jobs (15.0% of total jobs), $98.1 million in total income (11.9%), and $131.2million in output (10.6%) for the two-county region (Richardson, 2002).Table 43. Impact of Counties in Eastern Sierra Nevada regionRegional Impact Mono County Inyo County Region TotalEmployment Impact 1,511 jobs 1,300 jobs 2,812 jobsTotal Employment 8,663 jobs 10,032 jobs 18,695 jobs% of Total 17.4% 13.0% 15.0%Income Impact $ 51.8 million $ 46.3 million $ 98.1 millionTotal Income $393.9 million $427.2 million $ 821.1 million% of Total 13.1% 10.8% 11.9%Output Impact $ 69.4 million $ 61.8 million $ 131.2 millionTotal Output $585.1 million $654.7 million $1,239.8 million% of Total 11.9% 9.4% 10.6%A small survey conducted by California Trout during the summer of 2002 indicated tripexpenditures for the 17 anglers in the Golden Trout Wilderness (near Inyo NationalForest trailheads in California) totaled $7,085 and averaged $109 per day during anaverage four-day stay. The majority of trip-related expenditures, such as food andlodging, were local and most of the visitors came from other parts of California (Alkire,72
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ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PARKS, RIVERS,
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AcknowledgementsI am grateful to ma
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3.5.5 Sources of Information.......
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Table 28. Hiking/Walking Organizati
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1 IntroductionParks, rivers, trails
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Table 1.SectionAgency ExpendituresC
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provide communities with economic,
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the most current information on the
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3.1 Agency ExpendituresThis section
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grants. About 25% of capital expend
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The Marin Conservation Corps (MCC)
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already been implemented and is ope
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Table 5.Net Benefit Per Participant
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WEST VIRGINIAWISCONSINEarthCorpsFed
Page 30 and 31: contracts that gross over $800 mill
Page 32 and 33: 3.2.2 Special EventsRevenue enhanci
Page 34 and 35: park experience to an audience who
Page 36 and 37: you have the opportunity to determi
Page 38 and 39: Use good survey methods. The better
Page 40 and 41: California. A Report to The Sierra
Page 42 and 43: powered activities 3 , a participan
Page 44 and 45: Table 11. 2003 Sport Footwear Purch
Page 46 and 47: 3.3.4 Fish and Wildlife-Related Rec
Page 48 and 49: EQUIPMENT AND OTHER EXPENSESTotal $
Page 50 and 51: Table 17. Estimates of Retail Expen
Page 52 and 53: Table 19. U.S. Ski & Snowboard Indu
Page 54 and 55: and from services related to the Pa
Page 56 and 57: o $60 million in Harris County, TX,
Page 58 and 59: League ofAmericanBicyclistsNational
Page 60 and 61: SportingGoodsManufacturersAssociati
Page 62 and 63: necessarily better, especially in s
Page 64 and 65: Perspective. Available at http://ww
Page 66 and 67: o Washington: $209 milliono West Vi
Page 68 and 69: Economic Output Retail Sales Salari
Page 70 and 71: Economic Output Retail Sales Salari
Page 72 and 73: Table 35. Economic Impact of Sportf
Page 74 and 75: All Anglers Non-Resident/Tourist An
Page 76 and 77: Table 37. Per Capita Travel Receipt
Page 78 and 79: their decision to return in the fut
Page 82 and 83: 2003). Data from California Departm
Page 84 and 85: over 2003, despite high gas prices,
Page 86 and 87: management changes or actions are e
Page 88 and 89: accommodations used, and other trip
Page 90 and 91: http://www.ncdot.org/transit/bicycl
Page 92 and 93: 3.5 Estimating the Effects of Spend
Page 94 and 95: “leakage” of money from the reg
Page 96 and 97: Keep in mind that multipliers are s
Page 98 and 99: 3.5.4 How to Use These Rationales i
Page 100 and 101: economy, only those expenditures th
Page 102 and 103: For example, be aware of the differ
Page 104 and 105: 3.6 Health Care and FitnessThis sec
Page 106 and 107: active, approximately $575 million
Page 108 and 109: already had one heart attacko Impro
Page 110 and 111: uilt as part of sound policy to pro
Page 112 and 113: accounting for 14 million disabilit
Page 114 and 115: park amenities available or do not
Page 116 and 117: National Coalitionfor PromotingPhys
Page 118 and 119: 100% of all health benefits to a si
Page 120 and 121: Pratt M, Macera CA, Wang G. 2000. H
Page 122 and 123: costs than normal weight; moderate
Page 124 and 125: References for Additional Informati
Page 126 and 127: 3.7 Benefit EstimationParks, rivers
Page 128 and 129: Table 47.Forecasted Average Benefit
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Table 48.CriteriaRecreationExperien
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people using carefully designed and
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special government funds for causes
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Loomis, J. B., and White, D.S. 1996
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Economic Assessment for the Necedah
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Commercial UsesExpenditures byResid
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Outcomes Expenditures by GGNRA mana
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local transportation admissions and
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3.8.8 Educational ValueWhile it may
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the same municipality that are furt
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that do require storm water managem
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Summary of ActionsSimilar to corpor
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3.9 Resource Book AppendicesSeveral
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6. Spending in the area. Please rep
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local economy aren’t bringing in
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4 ConclusionIn 1995, the National P
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Economic Impacts of Parks, Rivers, Trails and Greenways

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