Perspective. Available at http://www.outdoorindustry.orgRoper ASW. January 2004. Outdoor Recreation In America 2003: Recreation’s Benefits toSociety Challenged by Trends. Prepared for The Recreation Roundtable. Available atwww.funoutdoors.comSnowsports Industries America. March 2004. U.S. Ski & Snowboard Industry Retail AuditTopline Report: Executive Market Summary. Available athttp://www.thesnowtrade.orgSporting Goods Manufacturers Association. All reports available at http://www.sgma.com 2002. Sports Participation in America: 2002 edition. Participation Trends in 103Fitness, Sports, Outdoor <strong>and</strong> Recreational Activities. 2004. Sports Participation Topline Report: 2004 Edition.Trust for Public L<strong>and</strong> (TPL). 1999. The <strong>Economic</strong> Benefits <strong>of</strong> Open Space. Available athttp://www.tpl.orgU.S. Department <strong>of</strong> the Interior, Fish <strong>and</strong> Wildlife Service <strong>and</strong> U.S. Department <strong>of</strong>Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau. 2001 National Survey <strong>of</strong> Fishing, Hunting, <strong>and</strong>Wildlife-Associated Recreation. Available athttp://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/FHW01.pdfU.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. 2001. Wildlife Study, OMB: 1018-0088.Voinovich, George. August 25, 2003. Testimony by the Senator at Hearings on Restoration<strong>and</strong> Protection <strong>of</strong> the Great Lakes, U.S. Senate Committee on Environment <strong>and</strong> PublicWorks, Clevel<strong>and</strong>, Ohio.York County Department <strong>of</strong> <strong>Parks</strong> <strong>and</strong> Recreation. June 2002. Heritage Rail Trail CountyPark: 2001 User Survey <strong>and</strong> <strong>Economic</strong> Impact Analysis.3.3.13 Additional InformationData on consumer spending is available on a regional basis or broken down bydemographics. Consider the following data from the Outdoor Industry Foundation, whichpublishes the number <strong>of</strong> participants in each state in the following sports: backpacking,bicycling (paved road, <strong>of</strong>f-road, <strong>and</strong> single track), bird watching, camping, canoeing,climbing (natural rock, artificial wall, <strong>and</strong> ice), fly fishing, hiking, kayaking (recreation,touring/sea, <strong>and</strong> whitewater), rafting, skiing (cross-country/Nordic <strong>and</strong> Telemark),snowshoeing, <strong>and</strong> trail running. Note that this expenditure data is based on the estimatedamount consumers spent on outdoor products <strong>and</strong> that it reflects the amount spent byresidents <strong>of</strong> each state, but does not take into account in which state they bought theirmerch<strong>and</strong>ise.55
Total Annual Expenditures on merch<strong>and</strong>ise (outdoor gear, apparel, footwear) by state(OIF, 2002):o Alabama: $264 milliono Arizona: $269 milliono Arkansas: $91 milliono California: $1,723 milliono Colorado: $200 milliono Connecticut: $139 milliono Delaware: $52 milliono Florida: $596 milliono Georgia: $402 milliono Idaho: $40 milliono Illinois: $457 milliono Indiana: $235 milliono Iowa: $201 milliono Kansas: $236 milliono Kentucky: $320 milliono Louisiana: $175 milliono Maine: $47 milliono Maryl<strong>and</strong>: $222 milliono Massachusetts: $216 milliono Michigan: $831 milliono Minnesota: $269 milliono Mississippi: $83 milliono Missouri: $243 milliono Montana: $39 milliono Nebraska: $61 milliono Nevada: $141 milliono New Hampshire: $48 milliono New Jersey: $314 milliono New Mexico: $53 milliono New York: $707 milliono North Carolina: $492 milliono North Dakota: $23 milliono Ohio: $583 milliono Oklahoma: $208 milliono Oregon: $124 milliono Pennsylvania: $459 milliono Rhode Isl<strong>and</strong>: $32 milliono South Carolina: $142 milliono South Dakota: $21 milliono Tennessee: $188 milliono Texas: $1,249 milliono Utah: $96 milliono Vermont: $31 milliono Virginia: $364 million56
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ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PARKS, RIVERS,
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AcknowledgementsI am grateful to ma
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3.5.5 Sources of Information.......
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Table 28. Hiking/Walking Organizati
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1 IntroductionParks, rivers, trails
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Table 1.SectionAgency ExpendituresC
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- Page 66 and 67: o Washington: $209 milliono West Vi
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park amenities available or do not
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National Coalitionfor PromotingPhys
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100% of all health benefits to a si
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Pratt M, Macera CA, Wang G. 2000. H
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costs than normal weight; moderate
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References for Additional Informati
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3.7 Benefit EstimationParks, rivers
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Table 47.Forecasted Average Benefit
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Table 48.CriteriaRecreationExperien
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people using carefully designed and
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special government funds for causes
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Loomis, J. B., and White, D.S. 1996
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Economic Assessment for the Necedah
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Commercial UsesExpenditures byResid
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Outcomes Expenditures by GGNRA mana
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local transportation admissions and
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3.8.8 Educational ValueWhile it may
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the same municipality that are furt
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that do require storm water managem
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Summary of ActionsSimilar to corpor
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3.9 Resource Book AppendicesSeveral
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6. Spending in the area. Please rep
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local economy aren’t bringing in
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4 ConclusionIn 1995, the National P