Introduction to Cognitive Psychology - Department of Psychological ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Definitions!! Consider the concept shoe, you might define it as Webster’sdoes!! A covering for the human foot, usually made of leather, having athick and somewhat stiff sole and a lighter top.!! Anything resembling a shoe in form, position, or use.!! But now consider some situations and decide if they are reallyshoes!! a shoe filled with cement, which cannot be worn!! a covering worn on the handsof a person without legs whowalks on his hands!! And this? "Definitions!! The difficulty is the same one that Plato and Socrateshad trying to define virtue!! for any definition you come up with, I can find examples that donot seem to fit the definition!! But we all know what a shoe is!! so our knowledge of this concept must not be based on someprecise definition!! Note, scientists can (sometimes) create precisedefinitions (e.g., a dog is defined by a DNA pattern orby mating abilities)!! but the definition is somewhat arbitraryPurdue UniversityPurdue UniversityPrototypes!! Perhaps what defines a concept is similarityamong its members!!there may be no absolutely necessary characteristics!!there may be no absolutely sufficient characteristics!! Prototype theory supposes that similarity isjudged relative to a prototype example of theconcept!!e.g., an ideal, average, or most frequent version of theconceptPrototypes!! In prototype theory it is possible for an object tobe “more” or “less” a certain concept!! Consider the concept “coffee cup”Purdue UniversityPurdue UniversityPrototypes!! In prototype theory it is possible for an object tobe “more” or “less” a certain concept!! Consider the concept “coffee cup”!!and variations (some are “cup-ier” than others)Prototypes!! In prototype theory it is possible for an object tobe “more” or “less” a certain concept!! Consider the concept “coffee cup”!!and variations (some are “cup-ier” than others)Purdue UniversityPurdue UniversityPSY 200: Intro. to Cognitive Psychology 2
Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Prototypes!! In prototype theory it is possible for an object tobe “more” or “less” a certain concept!! Consider the concept “coffee cup”!!and variations (some are “cup-ier” than others)Prototypes!! In prototype theory it is possible for an object tobe “more” or “less” a certain concept!! Consider the concept “coffee cup”!!and variations (some are “cup-ier” than others)Purdue UniversityPurdue UniversityPrototypes!! Lots of experiments suggest the role ofprototypes!!Posner & Keele (1968): learning category names forrandom dot patterns!!Discriminate two sets of random dot patterns!!Each pattern is a variation of one of two prototypepatterns!! PrototypesAPrototypesBPurdue UniversityPurdue UniversityPrototypes!! variations are made by moving some of the dotsvariant of Avariant of BPrototypes!! The key test is done after subjects learn to classify thevariants!! reaction time for judgment is recorded for stimuli they have neverseen before»! new variants»! the prototypes!! reaction time is faster for the prototypes!! which suggests that the mental representation of the categories(concepts) are built to favor the prototype of the category!! Look at CogLab data!! subjects learn to classify many different variants!!they never see the prototypes themselvesPurdue UniversityPurdue UniversityPSY 200: Intro. to Cognitive Psychology 3
Page 1 and 2:
Introduction toCognitivePsychologyG
Page 3 and 4:
Prof. Greg FrancisTopicsTopicsDiscu
Page 5 and 6:
Prof. Greg FrancisImportance of att
Page 7 and 8:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Brain part
Page 9 and 10:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12!! If “n
Page 11 and 12:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Occipital
Page 13 and 14:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Brain scan
Page 15 and 16:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12!! 3-D map
Page 17 and 18:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Limitation
Page 19 and 20:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Sensory su
Page 21 and 22:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Problems /
Page 23 and 24:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11Neurons a
Page 25 and 26:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11!! Treatm
Page 27 and 28:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11!! Some f
Page 29 and 30:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/14/12Receptive
Page 31 and 32:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/14/12Spatial r
Page 33 and 34:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/14/12Conclusio
Page 35 and 36:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/5/11Demonstrat
Page 39:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/5/11ProblemPro
Page 42:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/5/11Brightness
Page 47 and 48:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Strange pr
Page 49 and 50:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Significan
Page 51 and 52:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/12Next time!
Page 53 and 54:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Facial bea
Page 55 and 56:
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Face area?
Page 57 and 58:
Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11Attention
Page 59 and 60: Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11Attention
Page 61 and 62: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Attentiona
Page 63 and 64: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Conjunctiv
Page 65 and 66: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Stroop eff
Page 67 and 68: Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11Whole rep
Page 69 and 70: Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11!! Perfor
Page 71 and 72: Prof. Greg Francis 8/12/11Modality
Page 73 and 74: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Two store
Page 75 and 76: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11!! CogLab
Page 77 and 78: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Working m
Page 79 and 80: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Hypotheti
Page 81 and 82: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Significa
Page 83 and 84: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Effect of
Page 85 and 86: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Irrelevan
Page 87 and 88: Prof. Greg Francis 8/17/11Significa
Page 89 and 90: Prof. Greg Francis 8/17/11Classroom
Page 91 and 92: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13False memo
Page 93 and 94: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Testing mo
Page 95 and 96: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Constructi
Page 97 and 98: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Eyewitness
Page 99 and 100: Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/13Eyewitness
Page 101 and 102: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11What is l
Page 103 and 104: Prof. Greg Francis 8/16/11Repressio
Page 105 and 106: Prof. Greg Francis 8/14/12Levels of
Page 107 and 108: Prof. Greg Francis 8/14/12SleepSlee
Page 109: Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Repres
Page 113 and 114: Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Exempl
Page 115 and 116: Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Propos
Page 117 and 118: Professor Greg Francis 8/14/12Menta
Page 119 and 120: Professor Greg Francis 8/14/12Repre
Page 121 and 122: Greg Francis 1/2/13ConsciousnessPSY
Page 123 and 124: Greg Francis 1/2/13Turing testThe T
Page 125 and 126: Greg Francis 1/2/132. QualiaConclus
Page 127 and 128: Prof. Greg Francis 1/6/11Child lear
Page 129 and 130: Prof. Greg Francis 1/6/11Rules!! In
Page 131 and 132: Greg Francis 1/6/11Grammar!! You no
Page 133 and 134: Greg Francis 1/6/11Phrase tree!! It
Page 135 and 136: Greg Francis 1/6/11Language univers
Page 137 and 138: Professor Greg Francis 8/14/12Word
Page 139 and 140: Professor Greg Francis 8/14/12Excep
Page 141 and 142: Professor Greg Francis 1/2/13Parsin
Page 143 and 144: Professor Greg Francis 1/2/13Parsin
Page 145 and 146: Professor Greg Francis 1/2/13Eviden
Page 147 and 148: Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Speech
Page 149 and 150: Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Exampl
Page 151 and 152: Professor Greg Francis 1/6/11Spelli
Page 153 and 154: Professor Greg Francis 8/15/12Babie
Page 155 and 156: Professor Greg Francis 8/15/12Overg
Page 157 and 158: Professor Greg Francis 8/17/11Langu
Page 159 and 160: Professor Greg Francis 8/17/11Werni
Page 161 and 162:
Professor Greg Francis 8/17/11Evolu
Page 163 and 164:
Greg Francis 1/7/11Framing effects!
Page 165 and 166:
Greg Francis 1/7/11Notice!! Subject
Page 167 and 168:
Greg Francis 1/7/11Problem solvingP
Page 169 and 170:
Greg Francis 1/7/11Analogy!! The so
Page 171 and 172:
Greg Francis 1/7/11Insight!! Warmth
Page 173 and 174:
Greg Francis 8/15/12Useful backgrou
show all

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology - Department of Psychological ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?