Annual Report 2008-09The use of hedg<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>struments is governed by the Company’s policies approved by the board of directors,which provide written pr<strong>in</strong>ciples on the use of such f<strong>in</strong>ancial derivatives consistent with the Company’s riskmanagement strategy.Hedg<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>struments are <strong>in</strong>itially measured at fair value, and are remeasured at subsequent report<strong>in</strong>g dates.Changes <strong>in</strong> the fair value of these derivatives that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flowsare recognised directly <strong>in</strong> shareholders’ funds and the <strong>in</strong>effective portion is recognised immediately <strong>in</strong> the profitand loss account.Changes <strong>in</strong> the fair value of derivative f<strong>in</strong>ancial <strong>in</strong>struments that do not qualify for hedge account<strong>in</strong>g arerecognised <strong>in</strong> the profit and loss account as they arise.Hedge account<strong>in</strong>g is discont<strong>in</strong>ued when the hedg<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>strument expires or is sold, term<strong>in</strong>ated, or exercised, orno longer qualifies for hedge account<strong>in</strong>g. At that time for forecasted transactions, any cumulative ga<strong>in</strong> or losson the hedg<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>strument recognised <strong>in</strong> shareholders’ funds is reta<strong>in</strong>ed there until the forecasted transactionoccurs. If a hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative ga<strong>in</strong> or loss recognised <strong>in</strong>shareholders’ funds is transferred to the profit and loss account for the period.n) InventoriesRaw materials, sub-assemblies and components are carried at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost isdeterm<strong>in</strong>ed on a weighted average basis. Purchased goods <strong>in</strong> transit are carried at cost. Work-<strong>in</strong>-progress iscarried at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Stores and spare parts are carried at cost, less provision forobsolescence. F<strong>in</strong>ished goods produced or purchased by the Company are carried at lower of cost and netrealisable value. Cost <strong>in</strong>cludes direct material and labour cost and a proportion of manufactur<strong>in</strong>g overheads.o) Provisions, Cont<strong>in</strong>gent Liabilities and Cont<strong>in</strong>gent AssetsA provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probablethat an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, <strong>in</strong> respect of which reliable estimate canbe made. Provisions (exclud<strong>in</strong>g retirement benefits) are not discounted to its present value and are determ<strong>in</strong>edbased on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at eachbalance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Cont<strong>in</strong>gent liabilities are not recognised<strong>in</strong> the f<strong>in</strong>ancial statements. A Cont<strong>in</strong>gent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed <strong>in</strong> the f<strong>in</strong>ancial statements.p) Cash and cash equivalentsThe Company considers all highly liquid f<strong>in</strong>ancial <strong>in</strong>struments, which are readily convertible <strong>in</strong>to cash and haveorig<strong>in</strong>al maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents.2) Acquisitions / Divestmentsa) On May 12, 2008, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Tata Consultancy Services Asia Pacific PteLimited, subscribed to 100 percent share capital of Tata Consultancy Services (Thailand) Limited.b) On September 19, 2008, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Tata Consultancy Services AsiaPacific Pte Limited, subscribed to 100 percent share capital of Tata Consultancy Services (Philipp<strong>in</strong>es) Inc.c) On October 22, 2008, Tata Infotech Deutschland GmbH has merged with Tata Consultancy Services DeutschlandGmbH. The merged entity is a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Consultancy Services Limited.d) On December 2, 2008, F<strong>in</strong>ancial Network Services (Europe) Plc (subsidiary of TCS FNS Pty Limited) has beenvoluntarily liquidated.e) On December 11, 2008 the Company subscribed to 50 percent share capital of National Power Exchange Limited,established to promote trad<strong>in</strong>g of electrical power <strong>in</strong> India.f) On December 31, 2008 the Company acquired 96.26 percent equity <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> TCS e-Serve Limited (formerlyknown as Citigroup Global Services Limited (CGSL)), a bus<strong>in</strong>ess process outsourc<strong>in</strong>g provider <strong>in</strong> the Bank<strong>in</strong>gand F<strong>in</strong>ancial Services sector, for a total consideration of Rs. 2449.48 crores (USD 504.54 million).g) On February 10, 2009, the Company, through its subsidiary, TCS e-Serve International Limited, subscribed to100 percent share capital of TCS e-Serve America, Inc.136
3) The Company has given undertak<strong>in</strong>gs to (a) Bank of Ch<strong>in</strong>a Co. Limited, not to transfer its controll<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong>TCS F<strong>in</strong>ancial Solutions Australia Pty Limited (formerly F<strong>in</strong>ancial Network Services Pty. Limited), (b) The Governmentof Madhya Pradesh not to divest its sharehold<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> MP Onl<strong>in</strong>e Limited except to an affiliate, (c) State Bank of Indianot to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose off its share or any <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> C-Edge Technologies Limited.4) Consequent to the Guidance on implement<strong>in</strong>g Account<strong>in</strong>g Standard 15 “Employee Benefits” (AS-15) which clarifiesthe applicability of the Account<strong>in</strong>g Standard, the Company has considered certa<strong>in</strong> entitlements to earned leave whichcan be carried forward to future periods as a long-term employee benefit. The resultant reduction of Rs. Nil (March31, 2008: Rs. 28.67 crores - net of deferred tax) <strong>in</strong> the net liability <strong>in</strong> respect of employee benefit aris<strong>in</strong>g on April 1,2006, the date of adoption has been adjusted to General Reserves.5) Retirement benefit plansa) Def<strong>in</strong>ed contribution plansThe Company makes Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund contributions to def<strong>in</strong>ed contribution retirementbenefit plans for qualify<strong>in</strong>g employees. Under the schemes, the Company is required to contribute a specifiedpercentage of the payroll costs to fund the benefits. The Provident Fund scheme additionally requires theCompany to guarantee payment of <strong>in</strong>terest at rates notified by the Central Government from time to time, forwhich shortfall has been provided for as at the Balance Sheet date.The Company recognised Rs. 217.63 crores (March 31, 2008: Rs. 192.41 crores) for provident fund contributionsand Rs. 65.71 crores (March 31, 2008:Rs. 54.21 crores) for superannuation contributions <strong>in</strong> the profit and lossaccount. The contributions payable to these plans by the Company are at rates specified <strong>in</strong> the rules of the schemes.The Company has contributed Rs 27.82 crores (March 31, 2008: Rs.15.48 crores) towards foreign def<strong>in</strong>edcontribution plans.b) Def<strong>in</strong>ed benefit plansThe Company makes annual contributions to the Employees’ Group Gratuity-cum-Life Assurance Scheme ofthe Life Insurance Corporation of India, a funded def<strong>in</strong>ed benefit plan for qualify<strong>in</strong>g employees. The schemeprovides for lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death while <strong>in</strong> employment or on term<strong>in</strong>ationof employment of an amount equivalent to 15 days salary for service less than 15 years, three-fourth monthssalary for service of 15 years to 19 years and one month salary for service of 20 years and more, payable foreach completed year of service or part thereof <strong>in</strong> excess of six months. Vest<strong>in</strong>g occurs upon completion of fiveyears of service.The present value of the def<strong>in</strong>ed benefit obligation and the related current service cost were measured us<strong>in</strong>gthe Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations be<strong>in</strong>g carried out at each balance sheet date.137