ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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Milk ejection in AMSremoval of interrupted milk ejection between teat cleaning and teat cupattachment are avoided, if milk ejection is newly induced after theinterruption by a pre-stimulation before milk removal starts (Macuhováand Bruckmaier, 2000).Effects ofindividual teatcup removalIn most AMS teat cups are removed at the end of milk flow in eachindividual quarter. The advantage is that overmilking of single quarterscan be avoided. On the other hand it may be assumed that the reducedstimulation of less than 4 teats causes reduced release of oxytocin andtherefore incomplete emptying of the quarters which are still milked. Wecould, however, show that the quarters in which teat cups were lastremoved had the smallest amounts of stripping and residual milk, albeitdifferences were not significant (Bruckmaier et al., 2000). Obviouslystimulation of only one teat causes.Conclusionsandindications forpractical AMSmilkingThe presented results demonstrate that teat cleaning devices in AMS aresuitable for pre-stimulation. Pre-stimulation seems to be even moreimportant in AMS than in conventional twice daily milking, because veryshort intervals between milkings can occur. As a consequence, lateoccurrence of milk ejection and concomitantly low amounts of cisternalmilk require long stimulatory periods before the removal of milk to avoidmilking of empty teats. Sequentially delayed attachment of teat cups andquarter-specific removal of teat cups at the end of milking seem to bewithout negative consequences for milk ejection. Delayed teat cupattachment after pre-stimulation cannot be avoided in multi-box AMS.Negative effects on milk ejection and milk removal are abolished if a furtherpre-stimulation is applied before milk removal is started. In summary,AMS can fulfil the physiological requirements of dairy cows to inducemilk ejection as a prerequisite for complete milk removal.ReferencesBruckmaier, R.M. & J.W. Blum, 1996; Simultaneous recording ofoxytocin release, milk ejection and milk flow during milking of dairy cowswith and without prestimulation. Journal of Dairy Research 63, 201-208.Bruckmaier, R.M. & J.W. Blum, 1998; Oxytocin release and milkremoval in ruminants. Journal of Dairy Science 81, 939-949.Bruckmaier, R.M. & M. Hilger, 2001; Milk ejection and milk fatcontent in dairy cows at different degrees of udder filling. Journal of DairyResearch (in press).Bruckmaier, R.M., S. Michelet, J. Macuhová, & H.H.D. Meyer, 2000;Ocytocinfreisetzung und Milchejektion unter besonderer Berücksichtigungder Melkroutine in automatischen Melksystemen. Proceedings of the14 th Tagung der DVG-Fachgruppe Physiologie und Biochemie, München3-4 April 2000196Conference on "Physiological and technicalaspects of machine milking"
BruckmaierBruckmaier, R.M., D. Schams & J.W. Blum, 1994; Continuouslyelevated concentrations of oxytocin during milking are necessary forcomplete milk removal in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 61,323-334.Knight, C.H., D. Hirst & R.J. Dewhurst, 1994. Milk accumulationand distribution in the bovine udder during the interval between milkings.Journal of Dairy Research 61, 167-177.Macuhová, J. & R.M. Bruckmaier, 2000. Oxytocin release, milkejection and milk removal in the Leonardo multi-box automatic milkingsystem. In: Hogeveen, H., Meijering, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of theInternational Symposium “Robotic Milking”, Lelystad, The Netherlands,17-19 August 2000, 184-185.Mayer, H., R.M. Bruckmaier & D. Schams, 1991; Lactational changesin oxytocin release, intramammary pressure and milking characteristicsin dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 58, 159-169.Pfeilsticker, H.U., R.M. Bruckmaier & J.W. Blum, 1996; Cisternalmilk in the dairy cow during lactation and after preceding teat stimulation.Journal of Dairy Research 63, 509–515.Wellnitz, O., R.M. Bruckmaier & J.W. Blum, 1999; Milk ejectionand milk removal of single quarters in high yielding dairy cows.Milchwissenschaft 54, 303-306.ICAR Technical Series - No 7197
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The designationsemployed and thepre
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The organisers of the meeting want
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Milking variables in relation to te
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Modelling of liner behaviour using
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ForewordThe second half of the part
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Rosatiorganizations. The “Lactati
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Rosatito guarantee correctness of s
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RosatiICAR also sponsors books belo
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Technical developments in Slovak co
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe Dutch Quali
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de Koning & Huijsmanare Medicines,
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe pulsation c
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de Koning & HuijsmanBalances which
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Tancin et al.Physiology of milk let
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Tancin et al.In the dairy practice
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Tancin et al.Mayer, H., D. Schams,
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Effect of machine milking on teatIn
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Effect of machine milking on teatBe
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Effect of machine milking on teatTa
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Effect of machine milking on teatNe
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityInt
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityTab
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityFor
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Marnet et al.Comparative study of p
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Marnet et al.production during the
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Marnet et al.prestimulation by the
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Worstorff & BilgeryEffects of liner
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Worstorff & BilgeryTable 1 summaris
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Worstorff & Bilgeryseries 40/32 kPa
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Differential staining of somatic ce
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Different diagnostic measures for m
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Evaluation of milking routine by La
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Evaluation of milking routine by La
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Fryc et al.The assessment parameter
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Fryc et al.p n[kPa]p n1p n2p npt st
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Fryc et al.rate. There were three s
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCm
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCL
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCT
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Turki & WinnickiMilking variables i
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Table1. Milk flow time from in indi
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Table 2. First minute milk flow, av
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Turki & WinnickiMayer H., Schams D.
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 1. E
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 3. A
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 5. M
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Main fields ofactivities of theGerm
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Influence of duration of a and c ph
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Nosal & BilgeryVibrations and vacuu
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Nosal & BilgerykPa45.645.445.245.04
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Nosal & BilgeryIn case of problems
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Testing of vacuum during milkingEva
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Testing of vacuum during milkingthe
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Ryšánek et al.Vacuum fluctuation
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Ryšánek et al.Teat injuries were
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Ryšánek et al.Particular attentio
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de KoningAutomatic milking:Chances
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de Koningfor some time after the mi
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de KoningMilk quality is without do
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de Koningwhen the bulk tank is empt
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Page 153 and 154: ArtmannThe effects of automatic mil
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Page 167 and 168: Pallas & WendtThe development of ud
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Page 179 and 180: AMS in Czech RepublicTable 1. Effec
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Page 183 and 184: BruckmaierSpecific aspects of milk
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Page 189 and 190: Teat callosity and mastitisResultsT
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Page 195 and 196: Influence of ageing on linersThe re
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Báder et al.6050%4030201.scor.2.sc
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Luger et al.Effect of inclination a
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Luger et al.There is no difference
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Harty et al.Modelling of liner beha
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Harty et al.A solid plane was const
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Provolo & SangiorgiUsing daily data
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Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 3. Averag
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Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 7. Cow no
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Provolo & Sangiorgistandardisation
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Cognome/iInhibition of oxytocin rel
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Tancin et al.Milk flow patterns: in
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Szlachta & AleksanderThe influence
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Szlachta & Aleksanderforces in the
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Szlachta & Aleksanderpressure diffe
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List of participantsŠtefan BodoSPU
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List of participantsMarian GregušI
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List of participantsMarija KlopcicD
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List of participantsŠtefan MihinaV
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List of participantsEduard Pravnans
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List of participantsJozef Tonhauser
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ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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