ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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Pulling force and teat penetrationand stimulation. Taking into account what has been said heretofore, itshould be noticed that milking units often work improperly, especiallywhen the cows milked, exhibit high milk productivity, i.e. when theintensity of liquid flow > 4-8 kg/min. The aim of the study was to evaluatethe influence of pulling force in the teat liner and teat penetration on thechange of basic parameters in milking units used for milking of cows withhigh milk productivity. The basic criteria of assessment were level of pullingteatdp1max1Teat endClawVkpks = f(v œc , dVk)v œc =f(TPD, St1)Change of volumeunder teat dVkBack flowMilk plugMilk flow to the claw1- vacuum line,2-vacuu gauge,3-regulator,4- pulsator,5-long milk tube,6- milk claw,7-teat cup,8- teat,9- computer,10-transducer,11-liquid flow rate meter,12- milk line,13-water container,14-liquid flow meter.2 13412148Qm101071196135Figure 1. Methods and test procedure: a-problem illustration, b-scheme of testinstallation.280Conference on "Physiological and technicalaspects of machine milking"
Szlachta & Aleksanderforces in the liner and vacuum stability at the teat end during laboratoryempirical test. Very interesting was the influence of liquid flow rate (Qm)on the average vacuum during milking phase (pss), average vacuumdecrease during a complete pulsation cycle (dp) and pressure differencebetween the end of teat and claw (dp1max1, Figure 1), as factors causingback flow (Szlachta et. al. ,2000).The research was carried out using test installation of the Institute ofAgricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Wroclaw (Figure 1).The Harmony milking unit with claw TF450 was examined. The linerHarmony was pulled in teat cup chamber with the force of 30-80N. Thevacuum parameters were measured for liquid flow rate Qm=0-8kg/minand for teat penetration 50, 62, 75, 100 mm. The basic technical data ofmilking units are shown in the table 1. The work of the milking unit wasrecorded by a system of computer registration and analysed for chosenmilking parameters (Wiercioch & Szlachta, 1994).Material andtest procedureTable 1. Basic technical data of the milking units tested.Milkchambercapacity ofclaw, cm 3PulsatortypeDiameterof shortmilk tube,mmDiameterof longmilk tube,mm,The volume under the teat bythe teat penetration into liner:0 mm 50 mm 62 mm 75 mm 100 mm450 EP-100 14 16 76 cm 3 58.7 cm 3 54.5 cm 3 44.8 cm 3 30.8 cm 3The influence of liquid flow rate Q mon changes in average vacuum duringthe milking phase pss was very similar for all examined teat penetrationand pulling forces. With changing Q mfrom 0 to 8 kg/min, the drop of theaverage vacuum during the milking phase pss is less impetuous (Figure 2).The influence of liquid flow rate Qm on changes in average vacuum duringthe milking phase pss was very similar for all examined teat penetrationand pulling forces. With changing Qm from 0 to 8 kg/min, the drop of theaverage vacuum during the milking phase pss is less impetuous (Figure 2).Results anddiscussionThis parameter decreases for all teat penetrations in the liner. In the caseof pulling force in the range of 30-40N and little teat penetration (50-62mm)a high drop of average vacuum during the milking phase (pss) wasobserved. This situation is a result of big changes of the volume under theteat (dVk, fig.1a). To eliminate the back flow, the difference pressurebetween the end of teat and claw (dp1max1) should have a negative valueor oscillate around zero. For Qm=8kg/min (Figure 3) negative values ofICAR Technical Series - No 7281
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The designationsemployed and thepre
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The organisers of the meeting want
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Milking variables in relation to te
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Modelling of liner behaviour using
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ForewordThe second half of the part
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Rosatiorganizations. The “Lactati
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Rosatito guarantee correctness of s
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RosatiICAR also sponsors books belo
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Technical developments in Slovak co
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe Dutch Quali
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de Koning & Huijsmanare Medicines,
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe pulsation c
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de Koning & HuijsmanBalances which
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Tancin et al.Physiology of milk let
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Tancin et al.In the dairy practice
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Tancin et al.Mayer, H., D. Schams,
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Effect of machine milking on teatIn
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Effect of machine milking on teatBe
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Effect of machine milking on teatTa
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Effect of machine milking on teatNe
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityInt
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityTab
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityFor
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Marnet et al.Comparative study of p
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Marnet et al.production during the
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Marnet et al.prestimulation by the
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Worstorff & BilgeryEffects of liner
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Worstorff & BilgeryTable 1 summaris
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Worstorff & Bilgeryseries 40/32 kPa
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Differential staining of somatic ce
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Different diagnostic measures for m
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Evaluation of milking routine by La
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Evaluation of milking routine by La
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Fryc et al.The assessment parameter
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Fryc et al.p n[kPa]p n1p n2p npt st
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Fryc et al.rate. There were three s
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCm
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCL
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCT
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Turki & WinnickiMilking variables i
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Table1. Milk flow time from in indi
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Table 2. First minute milk flow, av
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Turki & WinnickiMayer H., Schams D.
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 1. E
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 3. A
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 5. M
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Main fields ofactivities of theGerm
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Influence of duration of a and c ph
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Nosal & BilgeryVibrations and vacuu
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Nosal & BilgerykPa45.645.445.245.04
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Nosal & BilgeryIn case of problems
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Testing of vacuum during milkingEva
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Testing of vacuum during milkingthe
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Ryšánek et al.Vacuum fluctuation
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Ryšánek et al.Teat injuries were
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Ryšánek et al.Particular attentio
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de KoningAutomatic milking:Chances
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de Koningfor some time after the mi
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de KoningMilk quality is without do
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de Koningwhen the bulk tank is empt
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de KoningLand, A. van ‘t et al, 2
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Characterising the farms equipped w
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Designing optimal robotic milking b
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ArtmannThe effects of automatic mil
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ArtmannData was collected on the ma
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ArtmannThe differences of the co-ef
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BarthEvaluation of somatic cell cou
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BarthTable 1. Determined and real m
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Barthyield is often a side effect o
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Milking parameters in modified milk
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Pallas & WendtThe development of ud
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Pallas & WendtSCC (x 1,000) / ml250
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Pallas & WendtTrilk, J. und Münch,
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Udder health and milk low profilesA
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Udder health and milk low profilesD
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AMS in Czech RepublicThis farm size
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AMS in Czech RepublicTable 1. Effec
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AMS in Czech RepublicFigure 1. Stab
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BruckmaierSpecific aspects of milk
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Bruckmaiertowards the end of lactat
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BruckmaierBruckmaier, R.M., D. Scha
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Teat callosity and mastitisResultsT
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de Koning et al.Milking characteris
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de Koning et al.Table 1. Statistica
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Influence of ageing on linersThe re
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Neijenhuis & HogeveenMilking interv
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Knízková et al.Effect of old and
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Knízková et al.Thermograms of the
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Knízková et al.Kunc, P., Knízkov
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Postmilking teat disinfectingIntrod
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Postmilking teat disinfectingNDT an
Page 209 and 210: Los & MaškováTeatcup hardness aft
Page 211 and 212: Los & MaškováIt follows from the
Page 213 and 214: Trends in milking equipmentThe fina
Page 215 and 216: Olechnowicz & TurkiMilking and milk
Page 217 and 218: Table 2. Milk components and somati
Page 219 and 220: Lipinski et al.Effect of some selec
Page 221 and 222: Lipinski et al.Milk hygiene quality
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Page 225 and 226: Effect of two milking systems on te
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Page 233 and 234: Botto et al.Effect of ultrasound in
Page 235 and 236: Báder et al.Change of udder confor
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Page 239 and 240: Luger et al.Effect of inclination a
Page 241 and 242: Luger et al.There is no difference
Page 243 and 244: Harty et al.Modelling of liner beha
Page 245 and 246: Harty et al.A solid plane was const
Page 247 and 248: Provolo & SangiorgiUsing daily data
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Page 251 and 252: Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 7. Cow no
Page 253 and 254: Provolo & Sangiorgistandardisation
Page 255 and 256: Cognome/iInhibition of oxytocin rel
Page 257 and 258: Tancin et al.Milk flow patterns: in
Page 259: Szlachta & AleksanderThe influence
Page 263 and 264: Szlachta & Aleksanderpressure diffe
Page 265 and 266: List of participantsŠtefan BodoSPU
Page 267 and 268: List of participantsMarian GregušI
Page 269 and 270: List of participantsMarija KlopcicD
Page 271 and 272: List of participantsŠtefan MihinaV
Page 273 and 274: List of participantsEduard Pravnans
Page 275 and 276: List of participantsJozef Tonhauser
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ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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