ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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JürgensMilk recording in GermanyH. JürgensLandeskontrollverband Weser-Ems e. V., Postfach 25 49,26 015 Oldenburg, GermanyE-mail: lkv-we@lwk-we.deCattle production in Germany in special respect of milk recording isdescribed in this paper. The extent of milk recording is 60 % of all dairyherds and 80 % of all dairy cows. Herd sizes are varying from 36 cows inthe western part and 192 cows in the eastern part of the country. Theaverage production in 2000 is 7019 kg milk with 4,21 % fat and 3,43 %protein with distinct differences depending on the breeds. Milk recordingmethods have developed in the last ten years strongly to AT- andB-Methods, also due to the development of modern Milkmeters espiciallythe Lacto Corder. 118 farms are using automatic milking systems.SummaryCattle production in Germany covers 14.5 million animals; 4.5 millions ofthem are dairy cows to fulfill the national milk quota of about 27.7 milliontons. Regular und systematic cattle breeding and milk recording inGermany have a long history. The first herdbook was founded in 1876 inFischbeck (Sachsen-Anhalt) and the first milk recording organization in1896 in Schleswig-Holstein.SituationTable 1 shows the momentary extent of milk recording; 60.1 % of all dairyfarms and 80.4 % of all dairy cows. The different herd sizes attract attention.In the western part of Germany the herd sizes get smaller from North toSouth and amount to nearly 36 cows and in the eastern part 192 cows, thisis due to the industrial milk production in the to former German DemocraticRepublic (DDR).ICAR Technical Series - No 797
Milk recording in GermanyTable 1. Extent of milk recording.Westfalen-Lippe 4 412 52.9 167 790 74.9 38.0 4.7Nordrhein 2 872 68.7 145 421 86.9 50.6 2.1Hessen 3 574 53.3 127 079 78.1 35.6 4.9Recorded Average cows Av. age ofHerds Cows recorded recorded cowsRegion Absolut (%) Absolut (%) herds YearSchleswig- 5 050 74.9 301 583 84.7 59.7 4.7HolsteinHannover- 6 834 69.9 312 360 82.5 45.7 5.0BremenWeser-Ems 7 324 70.6 305 819 80.5 41.8 5.0Rheinland-Pfalz 2 421 62.6 101 329 77.7 41.9 4.8Saarland 251 74.0 12 304 81.8 49.0 5.0Baden-Württemb.10 338 51.4 309 200 72.1 29.9 5.2Bayern 35 696 57.4 1 039 040 73.4 29.1 5.0Mecklenburg- 977 78.9 186 033 95.5 190.4 4.6Vorp.Brandenburg 809 77.0 184 030 93.7 227.5 4.5Sachsen-Anhalt 791 79.7 138 837 90.2 175.5 4.6Thüringen 569 61.6 131 505 93.1 231.1 5.2Sachsen 1 258 75.3 206 836 93.8 164.4 4.4Total 83 176 60.1 3 669 166 80.4 44.1 4.8Table 2 shows the average production of all recorded cows. Milk Recordingin Germany is done by 15 regional Milk Recording Organizations-combinedin the German Cattle Breeders Organization (ADR, Bonn) - according tothe rules of ICAR and national regulations. Looking at the milk yield it ismeaningful, that the cows in Eastern Germany raised their yield on anaverage of 270 kg per year in the last 10 years after the political reunion,mostly due to intensive efforts in breeding, feeding, housing etc.Table 3 shows the average production of all recorded cows by differentbreeds; Dairy breeds as for e. g. Holsteins have the highest yield followedby the dual purpose and local breeds.98Conference on "Physiological and technicalaspects of machine milking"
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The designationsemployed and thepre
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The organisers of the meeting want
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Milking variables in relation to te
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Modelling of liner behaviour using
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ForewordThe second half of the part
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Rosatiorganizations. The “Lactati
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Rosatito guarantee correctness of s
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RosatiICAR also sponsors books belo
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Technical developments in Slovak co
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe Dutch Quali
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de Koning & Huijsmanare Medicines,
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe pulsation c
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de Koning & HuijsmanBalances which
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Tancin et al.Physiology of milk let
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Tancin et al.In the dairy practice
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Tancin et al.Mayer, H., D. Schams,
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Effect of machine milking on teatIn
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Effect of machine milking on teatBe
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Effect of machine milking on teatTa
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Page 47 and 48: Measurements of vacuum stabilityInt
Page 49 and 50: Measurements of vacuum stabilityTab
Page 51 and 52: Measurements of vacuum stabilityFor
Page 53 and 54: Marnet et al.Comparative study of p
Page 55 and 56: Marnet et al.production during the
Page 57 and 58: Marnet et al.prestimulation by the
Page 59 and 60: Worstorff & BilgeryEffects of liner
Page 61 and 62: Worstorff & BilgeryTable 1 summaris
Page 63 and 64: Worstorff & Bilgeryseries 40/32 kPa
Page 65 and 66: Differential staining of somatic ce
Page 67 and 68: Different diagnostic measures for m
Page 73 and 74: Evaluation of milking routine by La
Page 75 and 76: Evaluation of milking routine by La
Page 77 and 78: Fryc et al.The assessment parameter
Page 79 and 80: Fryc et al.p n[kPa]p n1p n2p npt st
Page 81 and 82: Fryc et al.rate. There were three s
Page 83 and 84: Milking devices disturbance on SCCm
Page 85 and 86: Milking devices disturbance on SCCL
Page 87 and 88: Milking devices disturbance on SCCT
Page 89 and 90: Turki & WinnickiMilking variables i
Page 91 and 92: Table1. Milk flow time from in indi
Page 93 and 94: Table 2. First minute milk flow, av
Page 95: Turki & WinnickiMayer H., Schams D.
Page 99 and 100: Milk recording in GermanyTable 3. A
Page 101 and 102: Milk recording in GermanyTable 5. M
Page 103 and 104: Main fields ofactivities of theGerm
Page 105 and 106: Influence of duration of a and c ph
Page 111 and 112: Nosal & BilgeryVibrations and vacuu
Page 113 and 114: Nosal & BilgerykPa45.645.445.245.04
Page 115 and 116: Nosal & BilgeryIn case of problems
Page 117 and 118: Testing of vacuum during milkingEva
Page 119 and 120: Testing of vacuum during milkingthe
Page 121 and 122: Ryšánek et al.Vacuum fluctuation
Page 123 and 124: Ryšánek et al.Teat injuries were
Page 125 and 126: Ryšánek et al.Particular attentio
Page 127 and 128: de KoningAutomatic milking:Chances
Page 129 and 130: de Koningfor some time after the mi
Page 131 and 132: de KoningMilk quality is without do
Page 133 and 134: de Koningwhen the bulk tank is empt
Page 135 and 136: de KoningLand, A. van ‘t et al, 2
Page 137 and 138: Characterising the farms equipped w
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Designing optimal robotic milking b
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ArtmannThe effects of automatic mil
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ArtmannData was collected on the ma
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ArtmannThe differences of the co-ef
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BarthEvaluation of somatic cell cou
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BarthTable 1. Determined and real m
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Barthyield is often a side effect o
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Milking parameters in modified milk
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Pallas & WendtThe development of ud
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Pallas & WendtSCC (x 1,000) / ml250
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Pallas & WendtTrilk, J. und Münch,
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Udder health and milk low profilesA
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Udder health and milk low profilesD
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AMS in Czech RepublicThis farm size
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AMS in Czech RepublicTable 1. Effec
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AMS in Czech RepublicFigure 1. Stab
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BruckmaierSpecific aspects of milk
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Bruckmaiertowards the end of lactat
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BruckmaierBruckmaier, R.M., D. Scha
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Teat callosity and mastitisResultsT
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de Koning et al.Milking characteris
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de Koning et al.Table 1. Statistica
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Influence of ageing on linersThe re
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Neijenhuis & HogeveenMilking interv
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Knízková et al.Effect of old and
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Knízková et al.Thermograms of the
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Knízková et al.Kunc, P., Knízkov
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Postmilking teat disinfectingIntrod
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Postmilking teat disinfectingNDT an
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Los & MaškováTeatcup hardness aft
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Los & MaškováIt follows from the
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Trends in milking equipmentThe fina
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Olechnowicz & TurkiMilking and milk
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Table 2. Milk components and somati
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Lipinski et al.Effect of some selec
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Lipinski et al.Milk hygiene quality
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Lipinski et al.1. The technical and
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Effect of two milking systems on te
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Effect of two milking systems on te
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Milk quality and mastitis monitorin
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Nitra in ICAR interlaboratory studi
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Botto et al.Effect of ultrasound in
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Báder et al.Change of udder confor
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Báder et al.6050%4030201.scor.2.sc
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Luger et al.Effect of inclination a
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Luger et al.There is no difference
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Harty et al.Modelling of liner beha
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Harty et al.A solid plane was const
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Provolo & SangiorgiUsing daily data
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Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 3. Averag
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Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 7. Cow no
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Provolo & Sangiorgistandardisation
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Cognome/iInhibition of oxytocin rel
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Tancin et al.Milk flow patterns: in
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Szlachta & AleksanderThe influence
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Szlachta & Aleksanderforces in the
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Szlachta & Aleksanderpressure diffe
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List of participantsŠtefan BodoSPU
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List of participantsMarian GregušI
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List of participantsMarija KlopcicD
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List of participantsŠtefan MihinaV
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List of participantsEduard Pravnans
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List of participantsJozef Tonhauser
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ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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