ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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Responses to automatic milking systemHopster, H., J. Van der Werf, G. Korte-bouws, J. Macuhova, C.G.van Reenen, R.M. Bruckmaier & S.M. Korte; 2000; Automatic milking indairy cows: welfare indicators of AstronautÒ effectiveness. In H. Hogeveen& A. Meijering (Ed.) Robotic milking, Lelystadt, Aug. 2000, WageningenPers, 259-266.Ipema, A.H., C.C. Ketelaar de lauwere, C.J. de Koning, A.C. Smits,J. Stefanowska, 1997; Robotic milking of dairy cows. Beïtrage zur 3. Int.Tagung Bau, Technik und Umwelt in des lanwirtshaftlichenNutzierhaltung, Kiel, Deutschland, 290-297.Kremer, J.H. & D. Ordolff, 1992; Experiences with continuous robotmilking with regard to milk yield, milk composition and behaviour ofcows. In Ipema A.H., Lippus A.C., Metz J.H.M.& Rossing W. (Eds),Proceeding of the international symposium on prospects for automaticmilking (EAAP publication N°65), November 23-25, 1992, Wageningen,the Netherlands, 253-260.Labussière J., 1999; The physiology of milk ejection: consequenceson milking techniques. In Martinet J., Houdebine L.M., Head H.H. (Eds),Biology of lactation, INRA, 1999, 307-343Macuhova, J. & R.M. Bruckmaier, 2000; Oxytocin release, milkejection and milk removal in the Leonardo multi-box automatic milkingsystem. In H. Hogeveen & A. Meijering (Ed.) Robotic milking, Lelystadt,August 2000, Wageningen Pers, 184-185.Rushen, J., L. Munksgaard, P.G. Marnet, A.M. de Passillé, 2001;Human contact and the effects of acute stress on cows at milking. App.Anim. Behav. Sci., 73, 1-14.Schuiling, E., 1992; Teat cleaning and stimulation. In Ipema A.H.,Lippus A.C., Metz J.H.M.& Rossing W. (Eds), Proceeding of theinternational symposium on prospects for automatic milking (EAAPpublication N°65), November 23-25, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 164-169.Svennersten, K., R.C. Gorewit, L.O. Sjaunja, K. Uvnas-Moberg,1995; Feeding during milking enhances milking-related oxytocin secretionand milk production in dairy cows whereas food deprivation decreases it.Acta Physiol Scand 153(3), 309-310.Veysset, P., P. Wallet, E. Prugnard, 2001; Automatic milking systems:characterization of the equipped farms, economical consequences, somethoughts before the investment. In this bookWoolford, M.W., 1987; The cow and the machine. In proceedings ofthe international mastitis symposium, McDonald College, Quebec, Canada,1-16.54Conference on "Physiological and technicalaspects of machine milking"
Worstorff & BilgeryEffects of liner buckling pressure and teatlength on pulsation chamber a- and c-phasesH. Worstorff 1 & E. Bilgery 21Inst. of Physiology, FML, Techn. University Weihenstephan,Weihenstephaner Berg 3, D 85354 Freising, Germanye-mail: physio@weihenstephan.de2BITEC Engineering, Rütistraße 15, CH 8590 Romanshorn, Switzerlande-mail: bitec@tgnet.ch6 x 4 silicone liners covered buckling pressures from 6.5 to 17.9 kPa. HardPVC teats provided penetration depths from 50 - 110 mm. Teat lengthincreased liner stiffness by 39 - 55% which decreased a- and c-phases by34, 83, 58 ms and 45, 48, 60 ms at 40 kPa alternate pulsation, 40/32 kPaalternate (8 kPa vacuum drop) and 40 kPa simultaneous, respectively.A- phases were shortest with vacuum drop and stiff liners while c- phaseswere generally shortest with soft liners and vice versa.SummaryKey words: Machine milking, liner, teat penetration, pulsator phasesThe milking machine pulsator controls the pulsation chamber wave formbut liner wall movement is determined by differential pressure (1,4,9).Liners open and close, respectively, when the latter falls short of or exceedsliner buckling pressure (6,7). With fairly stable liner vacuum, differentialpressure is a more or less inverted pulsation curve. Under milkingconditions, however, high capacity clusters with alternate pulsation showmore or less a parallel shift of liner vacuum in combination with anincreasing dip between b- and c- phase. By contrast, simultaneous pulsationalters the shape of the cyclic fluctuation with increasing flow rate (5,8)requiring measurement under actual “wet” conditions. ISO testing is basedon teatcup plugs of 59 mm length. Longer teats, however, exist and teatcupsIntroductionICAR Technical Series - No 755
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The designationsemployed and thepre
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The organisers of the meeting want
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Milking variables in relation to te
Page 8 and 9: Modelling of liner behaviour using
Page 10 and 11: ForewordThe second half of the part
Page 13 and 14: Rosatiorganizations. The “Lactati
Page 15 and 16: Rosatito guarantee correctness of s
Page 17 and 18: RosatiICAR also sponsors books belo
Page 19 and 20: Technical developments in Slovak co
Page 25 and 26: de Koning & HuijsmanThe Dutch Quali
Page 27 and 28: de Koning & Huijsmanare Medicines,
Page 29 and 30: de Koning & HuijsmanThe pulsation c
Page 31 and 32: de Koning & HuijsmanBalances which
Page 33 and 34: Tancin et al.Physiology of milk let
Page 35 and 36: Tancin et al.In the dairy practice
Page 37 and 38: Tancin et al.Mayer, H., D. Schams,
Page 39 and 40: Effect of machine milking on teatIn
Page 41 and 42: Effect of machine milking on teatBe
Page 43 and 44: Effect of machine milking on teatTa
Page 45 and 46: Effect of machine milking on teatNe
Page 47 and 48: Measurements of vacuum stabilityInt
Page 49 and 50: Measurements of vacuum stabilityTab
Page 51 and 52: Measurements of vacuum stabilityFor
Page 53 and 54: Marnet et al.Comparative study of p
Page 55 and 56: Marnet et al.production during the
Page 57: Marnet et al.prestimulation by the
Page 61 and 62: Worstorff & BilgeryTable 1 summaris
Page 63 and 64: Worstorff & Bilgeryseries 40/32 kPa
Page 65 and 66: Differential staining of somatic ce
Page 67 and 68: Different diagnostic measures for m
Page 73 and 74: Evaluation of milking routine by La
Page 75 and 76: Evaluation of milking routine by La
Page 77 and 78: Fryc et al.The assessment parameter
Page 79 and 80: Fryc et al.p n[kPa]p n1p n2p npt st
Page 81 and 82: Fryc et al.rate. There were three s
Page 83 and 84: Milking devices disturbance on SCCm
Page 85 and 86: Milking devices disturbance on SCCL
Page 87 and 88: Milking devices disturbance on SCCT
Page 89 and 90: Turki & WinnickiMilking variables i
Page 91 and 92: Table1. Milk flow time from in indi
Page 93 and 94: Table 2. First minute milk flow, av
Page 95 and 96: Turki & WinnickiMayer H., Schams D.
Page 97 and 98: Milk recording in GermanyTable 1. E
Page 99 and 100: Milk recording in GermanyTable 3. A
Page 101 and 102: Milk recording in GermanyTable 5. M
Page 103 and 104: Main fields ofactivities of theGerm
Page 105 and 106: Influence of duration of a and c ph
Page 107 and 108: Influence of duration of a and c ph
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Influence of duration of a and c ph
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Nosal & BilgeryVibrations and vacuu
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Nosal & BilgerykPa45.645.445.245.04
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Nosal & BilgeryIn case of problems
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Testing of vacuum during milkingEva
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Testing of vacuum during milkingthe
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Ryšánek et al.Vacuum fluctuation
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Ryšánek et al.Teat injuries were
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Ryšánek et al.Particular attentio
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de KoningAutomatic milking:Chances
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de Koningfor some time after the mi
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de KoningMilk quality is without do
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de Koningwhen the bulk tank is empt
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de KoningLand, A. van ‘t et al, 2
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Characterising the farms equipped w
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Designing optimal robotic milking b
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ArtmannThe effects of automatic mil
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ArtmannData was collected on the ma
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ArtmannThe differences of the co-ef
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BarthEvaluation of somatic cell cou
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BarthTable 1. Determined and real m
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Barthyield is often a side effect o
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Milking parameters in modified milk
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Pallas & WendtThe development of ud
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Pallas & WendtSCC (x 1,000) / ml250
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Pallas & WendtTrilk, J. und Münch,
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Udder health and milk low profilesA
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Udder health and milk low profilesD
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AMS in Czech RepublicThis farm size
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AMS in Czech RepublicTable 1. Effec
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AMS in Czech RepublicFigure 1. Stab
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BruckmaierSpecific aspects of milk
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Bruckmaiertowards the end of lactat
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BruckmaierBruckmaier, R.M., D. Scha
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Teat callosity and mastitisResultsT
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de Koning et al.Milking characteris
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de Koning et al.Table 1. Statistica
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Influence of ageing on linersThe re
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Neijenhuis & HogeveenMilking interv
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Knízková et al.Effect of old and
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Knízková et al.Thermograms of the
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Knízková et al.Kunc, P., Knízkov
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Postmilking teat disinfectingIntrod
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Postmilking teat disinfectingNDT an
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Los & MaškováTeatcup hardness aft
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Los & MaškováIt follows from the
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Trends in milking equipmentThe fina
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Olechnowicz & TurkiMilking and milk
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Table 2. Milk components and somati
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Lipinski et al.Effect of some selec
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Lipinski et al.Milk hygiene quality
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Lipinski et al.1. The technical and
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Effect of two milking systems on te
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Effect of two milking systems on te
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Milk quality and mastitis monitorin
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Nitra in ICAR interlaboratory studi
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Botto et al.Effect of ultrasound in
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Báder et al.Change of udder confor
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Báder et al.6050%4030201.scor.2.sc
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Luger et al.Effect of inclination a
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Luger et al.There is no difference
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Harty et al.Modelling of liner beha
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Harty et al.A solid plane was const
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Provolo & SangiorgiUsing daily data
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Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 3. Averag
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Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 7. Cow no
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Provolo & Sangiorgistandardisation
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Cognome/iInhibition of oxytocin rel
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Tancin et al.Milk flow patterns: in
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Szlachta & AleksanderThe influence
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Szlachta & Aleksanderforces in the
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Szlachta & Aleksanderpressure diffe
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List of participantsŠtefan BodoSPU
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List of participantsMarian GregušI
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List of participantsMarija KlopcicD
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List of participantsŠtefan MihinaV
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List of participantsEduard Pravnans
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List of participantsJozef Tonhauser
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ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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