ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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Modelling of liner behaviourplastically. When linear regression was performed on the extension resultswith the regression line fixed through the Cartesian origin the comparison(FEA 3 vs. EXPT 3(2)) was better.Displacement due to a differential pressure of 45kPa is shown in figure 2,although results can be viewed at any differential pressure.1MXYZ XMNANSYS 5.6FEB 22 200108:50:45NODAL SOLUTIONSTEP=2SUB =22TIME=2UY (AVG)RSYS=0PowerGraphicsEFACET=1AVRES=MatDMX =20.991SMN =-14.894SMX =1-14.894-13.128-11.362-9.596-7.83-6.064-4.298-2.532-.7660041Figure 2 Displacement due to a differential pressure of 45kPa.ConclusionLiner behaviour can be predicted for a range of geometries and materialproperties with excellent accuracy using FEA without the need forexpensive prototyping processes.ReferencesBSI, 1995; BS 903-A2 : 1995 Physical testing of rubber. Method fordetermination of tensile stress-strain properties.Mein, G.A., M.R. Brown & D.M. Williams, 1983; Pulsation failureas a consequence of milking with short teatcup liners. Journal of DairyResearch 50: 249-258.O’Callaghan, E., 1997; Comparison of Testing Systems for EvaluatingMilking Units. In International Conference on machine milking andmastitis. 23rd May, 1997. Teagasc. ISBN 1 901138, 151: 31-55.Spencer, S. B. & L.R. Jones, 1999; Measuring liner wall movement.In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the National Mastitis Council,February 14-17, Arlington, Virginia, pp. 211.266Conference on "Physiological and technicalaspects of machine milking"
Provolo & SangiorgiUsing daily data from electronic milkmeters:First results of field testsG. Provolo & F. SangiorgiUniversità degli studi, Istituto di Ingegneria agrariaVia G. Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, ItalyElectronic milkmeters, installed in traditional milking parlours or inrobotised ones, make it possible to estimate the milk yield for each cowand each milking. It is thus interesting to test what is the required level ofprecision, considering that data from the electronic equipment are suppliedmilking after milking and how to use them for milk recording purposes.Moreover it is not advisable to use an electronic milkmeter as if it were apair of scales.ForewordMaterials and methodsThe test was carried out in 1990 on the “Ghezzi” farm near Milan, equippedwith a 6-unit tandem milking parlour, in which 70 cows are usually milked.The low-line milking parlour was provided with electronic milkmeters(“Metrolat 2”, manufactured by Proseat).The test spanned over 30 days. Data concerning milk yield for each cowand for each milking were provided by the milkmeters and by the weightof milk collected in a pail connected downstream in relation to themilkmeter, for each individual milking. The milk weight was determinedby means of a pair of scales.Data were grouped under:• milkmeters;• cows;• milkings.ResultsGraphs were made of the error (in%) of the milkmeter in comparison withthe scales (Figure 1) and related real milk yield (Figure 2) considering allthe milkmeters.ICAR Technical Series - No 7267
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The designationsemployed and thepre
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The organisers of the meeting want
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Milking variables in relation to te
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Modelling of liner behaviour using
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ForewordThe second half of the part
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Rosatiorganizations. The “Lactati
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Rosatito guarantee correctness of s
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RosatiICAR also sponsors books belo
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Technical developments in Slovak co
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe Dutch Quali
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de Koning & Huijsmanare Medicines,
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de Koning & HuijsmanThe pulsation c
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de Koning & HuijsmanBalances which
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Tancin et al.Physiology of milk let
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Tancin et al.In the dairy practice
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Tancin et al.Mayer, H., D. Schams,
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Effect of machine milking on teatIn
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Effect of machine milking on teatBe
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Effect of machine milking on teatTa
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Effect of machine milking on teatNe
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityInt
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityTab
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Measurements of vacuum stabilityFor
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Marnet et al.Comparative study of p
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Marnet et al.production during the
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Marnet et al.prestimulation by the
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Worstorff & BilgeryEffects of liner
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Worstorff & BilgeryTable 1 summaris
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Worstorff & Bilgeryseries 40/32 kPa
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Differential staining of somatic ce
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Different diagnostic measures for m
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Evaluation of milking routine by La
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Evaluation of milking routine by La
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Fryc et al.The assessment parameter
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Fryc et al.p n[kPa]p n1p n2p npt st
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Fryc et al.rate. There were three s
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCm
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCL
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Milking devices disturbance on SCCT
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Turki & WinnickiMilking variables i
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Table1. Milk flow time from in indi
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Table 2. First minute milk flow, av
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Turki & WinnickiMayer H., Schams D.
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 1. E
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 3. A
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Milk recording in GermanyTable 5. M
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Main fields ofactivities of theGerm
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Influence of duration of a and c ph
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Nosal & BilgeryVibrations and vacuu
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Nosal & BilgerykPa45.645.445.245.04
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Nosal & BilgeryIn case of problems
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Testing of vacuum during milkingEva
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Testing of vacuum during milkingthe
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Ryšánek et al.Vacuum fluctuation
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Ryšánek et al.Teat injuries were
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Ryšánek et al.Particular attentio
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de KoningAutomatic milking:Chances
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de Koningfor some time after the mi
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de KoningMilk quality is without do
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de Koningwhen the bulk tank is empt
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de KoningLand, A. van ‘t et al, 2
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Characterising the farms equipped w
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Designing optimal robotic milking b
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ArtmannThe effects of automatic mil
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ArtmannData was collected on the ma
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ArtmannThe differences of the co-ef
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BarthEvaluation of somatic cell cou
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BarthTable 1. Determined and real m
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Barthyield is often a side effect o
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Milking parameters in modified milk
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Pallas & WendtThe development of ud
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Pallas & WendtSCC (x 1,000) / ml250
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Pallas & WendtTrilk, J. und Münch,
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Udder health and milk low profilesA
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Udder health and milk low profilesD
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AMS in Czech RepublicThis farm size
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AMS in Czech RepublicTable 1. Effec
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AMS in Czech RepublicFigure 1. Stab
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BruckmaierSpecific aspects of milk
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Bruckmaiertowards the end of lactat
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BruckmaierBruckmaier, R.M., D. Scha
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Teat callosity and mastitisResultsT
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de Koning et al.Milking characteris
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de Koning et al.Table 1. Statistica
Page 195 and 196: Influence of ageing on linersThe re
Page 197 and 198: Neijenhuis & HogeveenMilking interv
Page 199 and 200: Knízková et al.Effect of old and
Page 201 and 202: Knízková et al.Thermograms of the
Page 203 and 204: Knízková et al.Kunc, P., Knízkov
Page 205 and 206: Postmilking teat disinfectingIntrod
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Page 209 and 210: Los & MaškováTeatcup hardness aft
Page 211 and 212: Los & MaškováIt follows from the
Page 213 and 214: Trends in milking equipmentThe fina
Page 215 and 216: Olechnowicz & TurkiMilking and milk
Page 217 and 218: Table 2. Milk components and somati
Page 219 and 220: Lipinski et al.Effect of some selec
Page 221 and 222: Lipinski et al.Milk hygiene quality
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Page 225 and 226: Effect of two milking systems on te
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Page 229 and 230: Milk quality and mastitis monitorin
Page 231 and 232: Nitra in ICAR interlaboratory studi
Page 233 and 234: Botto et al.Effect of ultrasound in
Page 235 and 236: Báder et al.Change of udder confor
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Page 239 and 240: Luger et al.Effect of inclination a
Page 241 and 242: Luger et al.There is no difference
Page 243 and 244: Harty et al.Modelling of liner beha
Page 245: Harty et al.A solid plane was const
Page 249 and 250: Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 3. Averag
Page 251 and 252: Provolo & SangiorgiFigure 7. Cow no
Page 253 and 254: Provolo & Sangiorgistandardisation
Page 255 and 256: Cognome/iInhibition of oxytocin rel
Page 257 and 258: Tancin et al.Milk flow patterns: in
Page 259 and 260: Szlachta & AleksanderThe influence
Page 261 and 262: Szlachta & Aleksanderforces in the
Page 263 and 264: Szlachta & Aleksanderpressure diffe
Page 265 and 266: List of participantsŠtefan BodoSPU
Page 267 and 268: List of participantsMarian GregušI
Page 269 and 270: List of participantsMarija KlopcicD
Page 271 and 272: List of participantsŠtefan MihinaV
Page 273 and 274: List of participantsEduard Pravnans
Page 275 and 276: List of participantsJozef Tonhauser
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ICAR Technical Series no. 7 - Nitra Proc.

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