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v) Installations in difficult site conditions (e.g. seismically active areas, high altitudeareas etc.).2.8.2 Metal Clad GIS SwitchgearSF6 – insulated metal enclosed high voltage switchgear upto 145 kV are now availableand may be used where space may be provided. The data of siemens GIS sub station asper Siemens Power Engineers Guide is given in table 2.10 Feeder control and protectionare inbuilt.Table 2.10Rated voltage (kV) Upto 145Rated power frequency Upto 275withstand voltage (kV)Rated lightning impulse Upto 650withstand voltage (kV)Rated normal current bus Upto 3150bar (A)Rated normal current Upto 2500feeder (A)Rated breaking current Upto 40(kA)Rated short-time Upto 40withstand current (kA)Rated peak withstand Upto 108current (kA)Inspection (years) > 25Bay width (mm) 8002.8.3 Compact Air Insulated Substation (CAIS)A compact station is mounted on common base frame with integrated current transformerand with SF6 insulated dead tank interrupter assembly. Compact air insulated sub-station(CAIS) factory assembled with dead tank SF 6 design is being offered for such-station at66 kV and 132 kV. Technical particulars of Areva sub station are given in table 2.11space saving upto 60% is claimed for H type (single sectionalized bus) substation withtwo incoming generator transformers and two outgoing feeders configuration.Extracts of Siemens Power Engineering guide regarding metal clad switchgear substationupto 145 kV is enclosed as Annexure 1.1.Extracts from Areva regarding compact substation are at annexure 1.2.1-17
Table 2.11Technical CharacteristicsRated voltage kV 72.5 123 145Rated frequency Hz 50/60Rated power-frequency withstand kV 140 230 275voltageRated lightning impulse withstand kV 325 550 650voltageRated normal current A 2500Rated short-circuit breaking current kA 40Rated short-circuit making current kA 100Rated duration of short circuit s 3Circuit Breaker Specific Technical CharacteristicsOpening Time ms 38 38 38Break time ms 50 60 60Closing time ms 85 106 1062.9 Power Line Carrier EquipmentThe carrier equipment required for communication, relaying and telemetering isconnected to line through high frequency cable, coupling capacitor and wave trap. Thewave trap is installed at the line capacitor. The coupling capacitors are installed on theline side of the wave trap and are normally base mounted. The wave traps for voltagelevels upto 145 kV can be mounted on the gantry structure on which the line isterminated at the substation or mounted on top of the capacitor voltage transformer.However, the wave traps for voltage levels of 245 kV and above generally requireseparate supporting insulator stacks mounted on structures of appropriate heights.2.10 Substation Auxiliary FacilitiesAuxiliary facilities for step up sub station in SHP are designed in conjunction with powerhouse auxiliaries and are discussed in a separate guideline.2.11 Bus Bar SchemesSimple single bus bar schemes or single sectionalized bus bars schemes are generallyprovided in small hydro scheme.2.12 Inspection and MaintenanceAdequate facilities must be provided in the substation for inspection and maintenance ofvarious equipment and at the same time to ensure safety of personnel and maintain properand other clearances.1-18
Page 2 and 3: Section -1Guide for Design of Outdo
Page 4 and 5: The terms atmospheric overvoltages
Page 6 and 7: Table 2.31. Basic Data Example 1.Hi
Page 8 and 9: Spark gaps specified for fitting to
Page 10 and 11: 2.4.2 Working Safety Clearances125
Page 12 and 13: Highest System Voltage rating kV Sp
Page 14 and 15: 2.6 Insulator TypeTypes of insulato
Page 16 and 17: Bending .. .. 1265 kg/sq.cm.Shear .
Page 20 and 21: During maintenance, it is essential
Page 22 and 23: Areva Compact Air Insulated Substat
Page 24 and 25: The bus bar sizes should meet the e
Page 26 and 27: disconnect switch contacts in such
Page 28 and 29: (iv)Electro magnetic type interlock
Page 30 and 31: ) Temperature rise of 11 kV Class C
Page 32 and 33: 4.6 TestsThe CTs shall be provided
Page 34 and 35: 10. 1.2/50 micro seconds impulse 32
Page 36: 7.0 Lightning ArrestorsLightning ar
Page 39 and 40: and this aspect has to be kept in m
Page 41 and 42: Fig. 12.1: Layout of 12 kV Agnoor S
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 12.4 Layout of 72.5 kV Switchy
Page 45 and 46: 464006800 7600 3000LA30002000 2000X
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 12.6:145 kV Outdoor Switchyard
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 12.7: 245 kV Outdoor Switchyar
Page 51 and 52: 2-20
Page 53 and 54: 3.0 Transformer RatingThe full load
Page 55 and 56: OFAFOil Immersed with forced oil ci
Page 57 and 58: The transformer may be operated wit
Page 59 and 60: 8.10 Parallel OperationThe transfor
Page 61 and 62: (a)(b)33 kV Transformers (MVA)1.001
Page 63 and 64: (e)(f)(g)(h)(i)(j)(k)(l)(m)(n)(o)(p
Page 65 and 66: 18.0 Oil Containment and Fire Prote
Page 67 and 68: ) The limits of temperature rise me
Page 69 and 70:
Example Calculation -1Generator Tra
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TRANSFORMER RATING AND CHARACTERSTI
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3.0 Type of Circuit BreakerFollowin
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iii) during arcing of SF6 breaker,
Page 77 and 78:
3.4 Protection Classes for Switchge
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The rated voltage is expressed in k
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5.7 Rated Short Circuit Making Curr
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Effect of circuit conditions on rec
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5.17 Rated time quantities and oper
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25405017.5 812.516254024 812.516254
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component of fault current in addit
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Steps involved in applying method a
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to earthxvii. Difference in the ins
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Datai) Sub transient reactance of g
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Annexure-1Current waveAA = envelop
Page 99:
Annexure-3Fig. 3.3 Arc extinction4-
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