standards / manuals / guidelines for small hydro development - AHEC

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During maintenance, it is essential that the equipment is isolated and earthed. One of theessential requirements of earthing is that earthing must be actually visible from the pointof working in the substation. Where this is not possible, provision of temporary earthingis made near the equipment. Besides the permanent illumination, provision should also bemade for portable lights for which purpose power outlets should be provided inmarshalling boxes or equipment cubicles.1-19
Metal Clad SF 6 Insulated Switchgear up to 145 kVAnnexure-1.1Three-phase enclosures are used for type 8D9N switchgear in order to achieve extremely lowcomponent dimensions. The low bay weight ensures minimal floorloading and eliminates theneed for complex foundations. Its compact dimensions and low weight enable it to be installedalmost anywhere. This means that capital costs can be reduced by using smaller buildings, or bymaking use of existing ones, for instance when medium voltage switchgear is replaced by 145kV GIS.The bay is based on a circuit breaker mounted on a supporting frame. A special multifunctionalcross-coupling module combines the functions of the disconnector and earthing device. It can beused as:An active busbar with integrated disconnector and work-in-progress earthing switchOutgoing feeder module with integrated disconnector and work-in-progress earthingswitch.Busbar sectionaliser with busbar earthing. For cable termination, a cable terminationmodule can be equipped with either conventional sealing ends or the latest plug-inconnectors. Flexible single pole modules are used to connect overhead lines andtransformers by using a splitting module which links the 3-phase encapsulated switchgearto the single pole connections.The feeder control and protection can be located in a bay-integrated local control cubicle,mounted in the front of each bay. It goes without saying that we supply our gas-insulatedswitchgear with all types of currently available bay control systems - ranging from contactorcircuit controls to digital processor bus-capable bay control systems, for example the modernSICAM HV system based on serial bus communication. This system offers:Online diagnosis and trend analysis enabling early warning, fault recognition andcondition monitoringIndividual parameterization, ensuring the best possible incorporation of customizedcontrol facilities.Use of modern current and voltage sensors. This results in a longer service life and loweroperating costs, in turn attaining a considerable reduction in life cycle costs.1-20
Page 2 and 3: Section -1Guide for Design of Outdo
Page 4 and 5: The terms atmospheric overvoltages
Page 6 and 7: Table 2.31. Basic Data Example 1.Hi
Page 8 and 9: Spark gaps specified for fitting to
Page 10 and 11: 2.4.2 Working Safety Clearances125
Page 12 and 13: Highest System Voltage rating kV Sp
Page 14 and 15: 2.6 Insulator TypeTypes of insulato
Page 16 and 17: Bending .. .. 1265 kg/sq.cm.Shear .
Page 18 and 19: v) Installations in difficult site
Page 22 and 23: Areva Compact Air Insulated Substat
Page 24 and 25: The bus bar sizes should meet the e
Page 26 and 27: disconnect switch contacts in such
Page 28 and 29: (iv)Electro magnetic type interlock
Page 30 and 31: ) Temperature rise of 11 kV Class C
Page 32 and 33: 4.6 TestsThe CTs shall be provided
Page 34 and 35: 10. 1.2/50 micro seconds impulse 32
Page 36: 7.0 Lightning ArrestorsLightning ar
Page 39 and 40: and this aspect has to be kept in m
Page 41 and 42: Fig. 12.1: Layout of 12 kV Agnoor S
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 12.4 Layout of 72.5 kV Switchy
Page 45 and 46: 464006800 7600 3000LA30002000 2000X
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 12.6:145 kV Outdoor Switchyard
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 12.7: 245 kV Outdoor Switchyar
Page 51 and 52: 2-20
Page 53 and 54: 3.0 Transformer RatingThe full load
Page 55 and 56: OFAFOil Immersed with forced oil ci
Page 57 and 58: The transformer may be operated wit
Page 59 and 60: 8.10 Parallel OperationThe transfor
Page 61 and 62: (a)(b)33 kV Transformers (MVA)1.001
Page 63 and 64: (e)(f)(g)(h)(i)(j)(k)(l)(m)(n)(o)(p
Page 65 and 66: 18.0 Oil Containment and Fire Prote
Page 67 and 68: ) The limits of temperature rise me
Page 69 and 70: Example Calculation -1Generator Tra
Page 71 and 72:
TRANSFORMER RATING AND CHARACTERSTI
Page 73 and 74:
3.0 Type of Circuit BreakerFollowin
Page 75 and 76:
iii) during arcing of SF6 breaker,
Page 77 and 78:
3.4 Protection Classes for Switchge
Page 79 and 80:
The rated voltage is expressed in k
Page 81 and 82:
5.7 Rated Short Circuit Making Curr
Page 83 and 84:
Effect of circuit conditions on rec
Page 85 and 86:
5.17 Rated time quantities and oper
Page 87 and 88:
25405017.5 812.516254024 812.516254
Page 89 and 90:
component of fault current in addit
Page 91 and 92:
Steps involved in applying method a
Page 93 and 94:
to earthxvii. Difference in the ins
Page 95 and 96:
Datai) Sub transient reactance of g
Page 97 and 98:
Annexure-1Current waveAA = envelop
Page 99:
Annexure-3Fig. 3.3 Arc extinction4-
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