III International Conference

PP-II-38INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF CATALYSTSBASED ON KAZAKHSTANI ALUMOSILICATES ACTIVE IN THE CRACKING OFHEAVY OIL RESIDUESIbrasheva R.Kh., Rakhimov A., Tusupbaev R.Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty, KazakhstanE-mail: armanrakhimov@gmail.comEnergetic and ecological problems of processing of highly viscous oils requires design ofnew technological solutions. Urgent problem is use of inexpensive and accessible residualfractions from the petrochemical plants. The expediency of the processing of heavy oilfractions by oxidative cracking has been stated in [1]. In contrast to this work, which dealswith the catalysts based on zeolites, the aim of [2] was the oxidative cracking of vacuumgasoils and mazuts carried out on the composites containing both zeolites and clays. Thepeculiarity of the proposed process is in the irreversibility of the used cheap catalyst under itslow consumption. This enables one to dispense the stage of regeneration of the used catalyst,which contributes to the aggravation of ecological indices of the existing industrial processes.The aim of the present work was to investigate the influence the nature of Kazakhstan’szeolites and clays, conditions of their activation and relative concentrations of the componentswhich they have upon the cracking properties of catalysts in the range of reactions ofdestruction of hydrocarbons composing the heavy oil fractions. Chemical composition, thestructure of catalysts, acidity of their active sites have been investigated and determined withthe help of combined usage of XFS-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and IR-spectroscopicmethods. It was determined, that the optimal concentration of components of activatedcomposite catalysts does not depend on the nature of zeolites and clays composing theirstructure and is within the interval 14-15 % for zeolites and 86-85 % for clays.231