III International Conference

PP-III-6SYNERGISTIC PHENOMENA IN PHOTOCATALYTIC PROCESSESGolodov V.A., Parmon V.N. 1al-Faraby Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan1 Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaE-mail: kurashvili@mail.ruSynergistic phenomena (or effects, SE) were examined in photocatalytic reactionsaccording to classification SE in catalysis which includes 5 categories.Synergistic phenomena in catalysis are super-additive increase of activity, selectivity orstability of catalysts (Cat) and catalytic systems (or yield of products) during change ofcomponent composition of synergistic couple (for two component systems). It is necessary todistinguish the synergism of catalysts and synergism in catalysis in general. In the last caseany compound can be a component of synergistic couple of chemical reactions: supports of acatalyst, molecules of substrates, solutions, ligands of complexes and the physical factorssuch as radiation, photolysis, electrochemical systems et al.Previous classification of SE in chemistry [1] and in catalysis in particular [2] can betransferred to photocatalytic processes with some corrections. It includes the 5 categories.1. Nature of synergistic effects (includes 3 types): a) chemical, b) physical, c) mixed orhybrid, physico-chemical [3].2. Functional characteristics of the particles participating in SE (includes 3 classes) [4]: a)Cat1- Cat2, b) Cat-non-Cat (Cat-X), c) Non-Cat1 – non-Cat2 (X1 – X2 where X – chemicalcompound or physical factor, e.g. photolysis).3. Mechanism of interaction between components of synergistic couple and componentsof synergistic couple with molecules of substrates, (includes 3 types) [1].4. Hierarchy of SE origin includes 2 types [2]: a) primary SE, b) secondary SE, e.g.photocatalysis.5. Reason of synergetic effect, (includes 2 types): a) intrinsic (internal), b) induced(external), e.g. due to photolysis.Nature of SE in photocatalytic reactions is often chemical sometimes structural ordynamic if the partners SE are complex catalytic systems, or physico-chemical (hybrid), ifthe effect of super-additivity is achieved due to photo-component and catalyst or anychemical compound.Many examples of SE in photocatalytic processes are given in the report.References1 Golodov V.A. // Vestnik KazNU, Ser.Chem., 2005, N 3(39), P.54.2 Golodov V.A. // Eurasian ChemTech J., 2000, V.2, N 1, P.29.3 Golodov V.A. // 2 nd Intern. Conf.*Highly-organized catalytic systems*. Abstr., M.: 2004, P.17.4 Golodov V.A. // Rus. Chem. J., 2000, V.44, N.3, P.45.480