III International Conference

PP-III-28quantity of steam while the residual water of the partially carbonized biomass is usedin the process.It is expected that the application of reforming catalysis will allow the biomass precarbonizationto be avoided in order to make the power gas synthesis simpler and cheaper.The application of steam reforming catalysts results in a decrease in the tar content in thepower gas from 10-150 g/m 3 to 0.1 g/m 3 to meet requirements for gaseous fuels of internalcombustion engines.The gas mixture produced by steam-air gasification of the carbonized biomass inautothermal mode consists of 27% Н 2 , 12% СО, 18% СО 2 , 15% Н 2 О, 28% N 2 at 600 °С and20% Н 2 , 38% СО, ∼1% СО 2 , ∼1% Н 2 О, 40% N 2 at 900 °С. Inspection of the data obtainedthat O 2 /C and H 2 O/C ratios are the most important process parameters; they are chosen tominimize the formation of coke and methane.Catalysts for autothermal conversion of model mixtures of С 5 – С 16 hydrocarbonconstituents of tar were developed at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis. These are:• Porous metal monolithic Co-Mn catalysts on stainless steel or fechral reinforcing netcovered by Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , BaO;• Porous metal monolithic Ni- catalysts on stainless steel reinforcing net covered byAl 2 O 3 , and lanthanum, magnesium and barium oxides;• Porous metal monolithic Rh-catalysts on stainless steel reinforcing net covered by Al 2 O 3 .The prepared catalysts were tested to choose most promising systems. Criteria for thecatalyst selection were the resistance to coke formation, catalytic activity and the H 2 /CO ratioin the products. The coke resistance was determined from changing in the catalyst weightafter testing. The results of 80-hour experiments at О 2 /С=0.5 и Н 2 О/C=1.5 showed close toequilibrium composition of the products which did not change in time (Fig.1), neither cokeformation nor changes in the catalyst weight being observed.520