Archaeological Survey of the Old Federal Road in Alabama

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John Melish’s 1818 map of Alabama Territory (Figure 7-6) depicts the Old Federal Road and theIndian path that would soon become the Greenville Branch. Melish’s map shows the location of Manack’sStore and Weatherford’s Stand, but not Fort Deposit, suggesting that by 1818 the fort site was no longer asignificant landmark. John LaTourette’s 1838 map is the earliest map showing the Greenville Branch(Figure 7-7). Interestingly, LaTourette’s map does not show any stops along the original Federal Road,but several along the Greenville Branch, reflecting the increasing popularity of the alternative branch.Figure 7-6. Detail of John Melish’s 1818 map of Alabama Territory showing the Greenville Branch inLowndes and Montgomery counties (courtesy of the Alabama Department of Archives and History).157
Figure 7-7. Lowndes County detail of John LaTourette’s 1838 map of Alabama showing the more popularGreenville Branch south of the original route of the Old Federal Road (courtesy of David RumseyHistorical Map Collection).Fletcher Hale’s maps for Lowndes County show only the original Old Federal Road (Figure 7-8).His route, based primarily on historic aerial photographs, generally coincides with the route identified byThomas Freeman. Hale’s maps are drawn at a larger scale than the historical maps mentioned above andtherefore offer a more detailed and more accurate interpretation of the location of the road. Hale’s mapswere used in conjunction with the other sources to pinpoint the original Old Federal Road route and thelocation of Fort Deposit, the 1813 military post.158
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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Chapter 8: Montgomery County ......
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4-1. Alabama county map highlightin
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6-7. Butler County detail of John L
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10-7. Detail of John LaTourette’s
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Chapter 1Project Goals and MethodsI
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Brief Historical BackgroundThe Old
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the road, and surveyed the relevant
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shown on historic maps, while many
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and other troop units to submit rep
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Figure 1-2. Robert Leslie Smith at
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Figure 1-5. Jeff Ross, Paul Merritt
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Figure 1-7. Annie Crenshaw, Raven C
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newly appointed Commissioner of the
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various historical sources. Phyllis
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Chapter 2Early History of the Old F
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quality stones, copper and mica fro
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would become the southern portion o
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Meigs (U.S. agent to the Cherokees)
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same instant, and the chance of dis
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In his latitude calculations Briggs
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force rapid mail service through an
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Traveling the Federal Road, 1811-18
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According to Hawkins, “Thomas Mer
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Moniac’s “Statement of property
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Federal Road west of Line Creek are
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Figure 2-7. Detail from John Melish
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and 1811 have not been found. In 18
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14 Walter Lowrie and Walter S. Fran
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56 Walter Lowrie and Walter S. Fran
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Piatt at Fort Stoddert. Piatt was i
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Figure 3-4. Detail of Abraham Bradl
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Figure 3-7. Detail of William Darby
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Figure 3-9. Detail of Fletcher Hale
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He also complained Fort Stoddert di
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command of Capt Skyler. The discipl
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Brett McWilliams, a local artifact
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now in poor condition (Figures 3-14
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Historic Sites in Washington County
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19 Gregory A. Waselkov, A Conquerin
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The Old Federal Road traversed the
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Figure 4-4. Detail of James Weakley
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The condition of the Old Federal Ro
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The Old Federal Road crosses the Ba
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Figure 4-12. A possible remnant of
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Historic Sites in Baldwin CountyFor
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Figure 4-16. View of the old Mims
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and were not accessible for revisit
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Figure 4-18. Military buttons from
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Figure 4-21. Military artifacts fro
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Figure 4-23. Tunstall house on High
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Figure 4-26. U.S. military buttons
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Historic Sites in Escambia CountyTh
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Archives, National Archives and Rec
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earlier survey. Segments of the roa
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Figure 5-5. Detail of John Melish
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Figure 5-8. Detail of John LaTouret
Page 118 and 119: Figure 5-10. Fletcher Hale’s copy
Page 120 and 121: Figure 5-13. The Old Federal Road i
Page 122 and 123: Figure 5-16. Dirt section of Conecu
Page 124 and 125: Figure 5-19. The Old Federal Road i
Page 126 and 127: The portion of the Old Federal Road
Page 128 and 129: McMillan Stage Stop. Scotsman Dunca
Page 130 and 131: Figure 5-26. Map showing McMillan
Page 132 and 133: Figure 5-27. Lowrey’s Store, Post
Page 134 and 135: Dr. Watkins’s House. Dr. John Wat
Page 136 and 137: Longmire’s Inn/Fort Warren. Sever
Page 138 and 139: not be investigated archaeologicall
Page 140 and 141: Figure 5-35. Anderson Stage Stop in
Page 142 and 143: provisions depot. However, when the
Page 144 and 145: When spring 1818 brought more murde
Page 146 and 147: Figure 5-41. William Weakley’s 18
Page 148 and 149: Figure 5-44. William Barrett Travis
Page 150 and 151: Henneberry, 1895), 241-242; Robert
Page 152 and 153: Figure 6-3. James Weakley’s 1847
Page 154 and 155: Henry Tanner’s 1823 map of Alabam
Page 156 and 157: The Old Federal Road spans the nort
Page 158 and 159: Figure 6-13. Entrenched section of
Page 160 and 161: Figure 6-14. The Palings stage stop
Page 162 and 163: the county. The landowners granted
Page 164 and 165: 1 John Buckner Little, History of B
Page 166 and 167: Figure 7-2. Federal Road on Thomas
Page 170 and 171: Figure 7-8. Fletcher Hale’s map d
Page 172 and 173: Figure 7-11. Old Federal Road and G
Page 174 and 175: Figure 7-14. Entrenched section of
Page 176 and 177: morning salute, then turning our ca
Page 178 and 179: Chapter 8Montgomery CountyTracing t
Page 180 and 181: Figure 8-4. Old Federal Road (not l
Page 182 and 183: Figure 8-7. Detail of John Melish
Page 184 and 185: Fletcher Hale’s maps depict the o
Page 186 and 187: A short distance beyond where the G
Page 188 and 189: Where the Old Federal Road crosses
Page 190 and 191: modern Alabama place names, Opelika
Page 192 and 193: stopped “near Macnac’s” to co
Page 194 and 195: prairies which you have frequently
Page 196 and 197: Figure 8-21. Topographic map with a
Page 198 and 199: Figure 8-22. Unit 2 chronologically
Page 200 and 201: Pickett says she settled on the eas
Page 202 and 203: contained 84 gravesites dating from
Page 204 and 205: 16 Clarence Edwin Carter, The Terri
Page 206 and 207: Figure 9-2. Old Federal Road on Jam
Page 208 and 209: Figure 9-5. Detail of an anonymous
Page 210 and 211: east onto County Road 2 (Figure 9-9
Page 212 and 213: Figure 9-12. The Old Federal Road t
Page 214 and 215: Figure 9-15. Dirt segment of Boromv
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Redsticks, marched from the Chattah
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Figure 9-19. Fletcher Hale’s map
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Warrior’s sons-in-law Captain Wal
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Chapter 10Russell CountyTracing the
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Figure 10-3. Detail of Abraham Brad
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Figure 10-7. Detail of John LaToure
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Figure 10-10. Old Federal Road on p
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Figure 10-13. Section of Old Federa
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Figure 10-16. The Old Federal Road
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Kendall Lewis, son-in-law of Big Wa
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Fort Mitchell, Creek Agency, and An
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A National Cemetery was created at
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6 Benton, The Very Worst Road, 65-6
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The Old Federal Road RouteOur archa
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We have devoted considerable effort
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Our 1723 Chickasaw map offers a gli
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of the old-growth forests and to pl
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Figure 11-6. Detail from David Tait
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As we have seen, most Americans saw
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towns and settled for a time at Pol
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home on the left, the 1902 Hinson h
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parks or educational centers. The m
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Appendix 1Extracts from Benjamin Ha
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E. Bearing east.32 + c. r. 15/ oak
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N.EBearing northeast.36. path to th
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Course and Admeasurement2 pole Chai
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S. 61 E. 17 “N. 83 E. 7 “N. 82
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E. 16 “S. 83 E. 9 “S. 87 E. 8
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N. 34 E. 14 “N. 30 E. 16 “N. 24
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N. 64 E. 9 “N. 40 E. 9 “N. 25 E
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N. 19 E. 5 “N. 44 E. 7 “[page 5
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N. 72 E. 16 “N. 71 E. 10 “N. 79
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N. 77 E. 5 “N. 69 E. 4 “N. 64 E
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N. 36 E. 7 “N. 54 E. 9 “N. 52 E
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[page 97]N. 61˚ E. 7 Chains. The S
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N. 12 E. 7 “N. 32 E. 10 “N. 36
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N. 66˚ E. 4 ChainsN. 28 E. 7 “N.
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XIIIIIII. Prairies or Glades the qu
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N. 27 E. 1 “N. 1 W. 2 “[page 14
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No 9: Joseph Wheaton to Gideon Gran
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Blue Spruce, Duane, and Tanya Thras
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Ethridge, Robbie, Creek Country: Th
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Potter, Stephen R., and Gregory A.
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Archaeological Survey of the Old Federal Road in Alabama

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