Archaeological Survey of the Old Federal Road in Alabama

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contained 84 gravesites dating from 1816 to 1910, was restored approximatelylocation. 42of its oldFigure 8-23. Lucas’s Tavern in the 1940s at its original site on the Old Federal Road (courtesy of theAlabama Department of Archives and History).191
Figure 8-24. Lucas’s Tavern in Old Alabama Town, Montgomery, February 3, 2011.1 Thomas M. Owen. History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography, volume II (Chicago: The S. J.Clarke Publishing Company, 1921), 1044-1045.2 C. L. Grant, editor, Letters, Journals and Writings of Benjamin Hawkins, two volumes (Savannah, GA: TheBeehive Press, 1980), 549.3 Ibid., 549, 556, 566-567, 590, 605, 606, 642-643.4 Not in 1803, as surmised by Henry DeLeon Southerland, Jr., and Jerry Elijah Brown, The Federal Road throughGeorgia, the Creek Nation, and Alabama, 1806-1836 (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1989), 95; andLynn Hastie Thompson, William Weatherford: HIs Country and His People (Bay Minette, AL: LavenderPublishing, 1991), 611.5 Grant, Letters, Journals and Writings of Benjamin Hawkins, 561.6 Ibid., 605.7 Ibid., 605.8 Gary Burton, “Pintlala’s Cold Murder Case: The Death of Thomas Meredith in 1812,” The Alabama Review 63 (3,July 2010):179.9 Grant, Letters, Journals and Writings of Benjamin Hawkins, 605-606.10 H. S. Halbert and T. H. Ball, The Creek War, 1813 and 1814 (Chicago, IL: Donohue & Henneberry, 1895), 88-89;Grant, Letters, Journals and Writings of Benjamin Hawkins, 642-643.11 Halbert and Ball, The Creek War, 1813 and 1814, 91-93.12 Grant, Letters, Journals and Writings of Benjamin Hawkins, 643.13 Anonymous, An Act for the Relief of Samuel Manac, also, of an Act for the Relief of Certain Creek Indians, 20thCongress, 1st Session, House Document No. 200 (20-1), Serial Set 173 (Washington, DC: Gales & Seaton, 1828).14 Thomas S. Woodward, Woodward’s Reminiscences of the Creek, or Muscogee Indians, Contained in Letters toFriends in Georgia and Alabama (Montgomery, AL: Barrett & Wimbish, 1859), 81.15 Karl Davis, ‘Much of the Indian Appears’: Adaptation and Persistence in a Creek Community, 1783-1854 (PhDdissertation, Department of History, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 2003), 174-175, 187.192
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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Chapter 8: Montgomery County ......
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4-1. Alabama county map highlightin
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6-7. Butler County detail of John L
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10-7. Detail of John LaTourette’s
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Chapter 1Project Goals and MethodsI
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Brief Historical BackgroundThe Old
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the road, and surveyed the relevant
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shown on historic maps, while many
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and other troop units to submit rep
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Figure 1-2. Robert Leslie Smith at
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Figure 1-5. Jeff Ross, Paul Merritt
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Figure 1-7. Annie Crenshaw, Raven C
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newly appointed Commissioner of the
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various historical sources. Phyllis
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Chapter 2Early History of the Old F
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quality stones, copper and mica fro
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would become the southern portion o
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Meigs (U.S. agent to the Cherokees)
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same instant, and the chance of dis
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In his latitude calculations Briggs
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force rapid mail service through an
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Traveling the Federal Road, 1811-18
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According to Hawkins, “Thomas Mer
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Moniac’s “Statement of property
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Federal Road west of Line Creek are
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Figure 2-7. Detail from John Melish
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and 1811 have not been found. In 18
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14 Walter Lowrie and Walter S. Fran
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56 Walter Lowrie and Walter S. Fran
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Piatt at Fort Stoddert. Piatt was i
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Figure 3-4. Detail of Abraham Bradl
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Figure 3-7. Detail of William Darby
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Figure 3-9. Detail of Fletcher Hale
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He also complained Fort Stoddert di
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command of Capt Skyler. The discipl
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Brett McWilliams, a local artifact
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now in poor condition (Figures 3-14
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Historic Sites in Washington County
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19 Gregory A. Waselkov, A Conquerin
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The Old Federal Road traversed the
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Figure 4-4. Detail of James Weakley
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The condition of the Old Federal Ro
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The Old Federal Road crosses the Ba
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Figure 4-12. A possible remnant of
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Historic Sites in Baldwin CountyFor
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Figure 4-16. View of the old Mims
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and were not accessible for revisit
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Figure 4-18. Military buttons from
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Figure 4-21. Military artifacts fro
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Figure 4-23. Tunstall house on High
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Figure 4-26. U.S. military buttons
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Historic Sites in Escambia CountyTh
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Archives, National Archives and Rec
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earlier survey. Segments of the roa
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Figure 5-5. Detail of John Melish
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Figure 5-8. Detail of John LaTouret
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Figure 5-10. Fletcher Hale’s copy
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Figure 5-13. The Old Federal Road i
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Figure 5-16. Dirt section of Conecu
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Figure 5-19. The Old Federal Road i
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The portion of the Old Federal Road
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McMillan Stage Stop. Scotsman Dunca
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Figure 5-26. Map showing McMillan
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Figure 5-27. Lowrey’s Store, Post
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Dr. Watkins’s House. Dr. John Wat
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Longmire’s Inn/Fort Warren. Sever
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not be investigated archaeologicall
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Figure 5-35. Anderson Stage Stop in
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provisions depot. However, when the
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When spring 1818 brought more murde
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Figure 5-41. William Weakley’s 18
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Figure 5-44. William Barrett Travis
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Henneberry, 1895), 241-242; Robert
Page 152 and 153: Figure 6-3. James Weakley’s 1847
Page 154 and 155: Henry Tanner’s 1823 map of Alabam
Page 156 and 157: The Old Federal Road spans the nort
Page 158 and 159: Figure 6-13. Entrenched section of
Page 160 and 161: Figure 6-14. The Palings stage stop
Page 162 and 163: the county. The landowners granted
Page 164 and 165: 1 John Buckner Little, History of B
Page 166 and 167: Figure 7-2. Federal Road on Thomas
Page 168 and 169: John Melish’s 1818 map of Alabama
Page 170 and 171: Figure 7-8. Fletcher Hale’s map d
Page 172 and 173: Figure 7-11. Old Federal Road and G
Page 174 and 175: Figure 7-14. Entrenched section of
Page 176 and 177: morning salute, then turning our ca
Page 178 and 179: Chapter 8Montgomery CountyTracing t
Page 180 and 181: Figure 8-4. Old Federal Road (not l
Page 182 and 183: Figure 8-7. Detail of John Melish
Page 184 and 185: Fletcher Hale’s maps depict the o
Page 186 and 187: A short distance beyond where the G
Page 188 and 189: Where the Old Federal Road crosses
Page 190 and 191: modern Alabama place names, Opelika
Page 192 and 193: stopped “near Macnac’s” to co
Page 194 and 195: prairies which you have frequently
Page 196 and 197: Figure 8-21. Topographic map with a
Page 198 and 199: Figure 8-22. Unit 2 chronologically
Page 200 and 201: Pickett says she settled on the eas
Page 204 and 205: 16 Clarence Edwin Carter, The Terri
Page 206 and 207: Figure 9-2. Old Federal Road on Jam
Page 208 and 209: Figure 9-5. Detail of an anonymous
Page 210 and 211: east onto County Road 2 (Figure 9-9
Page 212 and 213: Figure 9-12. The Old Federal Road t
Page 214 and 215: Figure 9-15. Dirt segment of Boromv
Page 216 and 217: of Little Prince and Opothle Yoholo
Page 218 and 219: Redsticks, marched from the Chattah
Page 220 and 221: Figure 9-19. Fletcher Hale’s map
Page 222 and 223: Warrior’s sons-in-law Captain Wal
Page 224 and 225: Chapter 10Russell CountyTracing the
Page 226 and 227: Figure 10-3. Detail of Abraham Brad
Page 228 and 229: Figure 10-7. Detail of John LaToure
Page 230 and 231: Figure 10-10. Old Federal Road on p
Page 232 and 233: Figure 10-13. Section of Old Federa
Page 234 and 235: Figure 10-16. The Old Federal Road
Page 236 and 237: Kendall Lewis, son-in-law of Big Wa
Page 238 and 239: Fort Mitchell, Creek Agency, and An
Page 240 and 241: A National Cemetery was created at
Page 242 and 243: 6 Benton, The Very Worst Road, 65-6
Page 244 and 245: The Old Federal Road RouteOur archa
Page 246 and 247: We have devoted considerable effort
Page 248 and 249: Our 1723 Chickasaw map offers a gli
Page 250 and 251: of the old-growth forests and to pl
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Figure 11-6. Detail from David Tait
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As we have seen, most Americans saw
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towns and settled for a time at Pol
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home on the left, the 1902 Hinson h
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parks or educational centers. The m
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Appendix 1Extracts from Benjamin Ha
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E. Bearing east.32 + c. r. 15/ oak
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N.EBearing northeast.36. path to th
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Course and Admeasurement2 pole Chai
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S. 61 E. 17 “N. 83 E. 7 “N. 82
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E. 16 “S. 83 E. 9 “S. 87 E. 8
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N. 34 E. 14 “N. 30 E. 16 “N. 24
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N. 64 E. 9 “N. 40 E. 9 “N. 25 E
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N. 19 E. 5 “N. 44 E. 7 “[page 5
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N. 72 E. 16 “N. 71 E. 10 “N. 79
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N. 77 E. 5 “N. 69 E. 4 “N. 64 E
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N. 36 E. 7 “N. 54 E. 9 “N. 52 E
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[page 97]N. 61˚ E. 7 Chains. The S
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N. 12 E. 7 “N. 32 E. 10 “N. 36
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N. 66˚ E. 4 ChainsN. 28 E. 7 “N.
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XIIIIIII. Prairies or Glades the qu
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N. 27 E. 1 “N. 1 W. 2 “[page 14
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No 9: Joseph Wheaton to Gideon Gran
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Blue Spruce, Duane, and Tanya Thras
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Ethridge, Robbie, Creek Country: Th
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Potter, Stephen R., and Gregory A.
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Archaeological Survey of the Old Federal Road in Alabama

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