Archaeological Survey of the Old Federal Road in Alabama

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Searcy Hospital), and to gain access to both sites. Meeting attendees included a number of Mount VernonHistorical Society members, including Larry Simison and Verdell Trotter-Dees, Mount Vernon District#5 Councilwoman. Jim Todd, Auburn Extension administrator for Mobile County and Federal RoadInitiative Grant coordinator, was also in attendance. The goal of a Federal Road Initiative Grant to theMount Vernon Historical Society is to promote tourist activity in and around Mount Vernon related to theOld Federal Road and associated sites. The Mount Vernon Historical Society recently acquired the TrainDepot Museum from the city and plans to develop exhibits there that promote Mount Vernon’s uniqueand rich history. After the meeting, Larry Simison accompanied us to Searcy Hospital, formerly MountVernon Cantonment and Arsenal. While we were able to visit the Administration Building, access to thehospital grounds was not permitted due to the hospital’s strict visitor regulations. We also visited the FortStoddert area, but were unable to obtain permission from the limited liability company that owns the sitewhere the fort was situated. These two historic sites are among the most significant in Alabama and bothhave national importance. We and the members of the Mount Vernon Historical Society hope both caneventually be surveyed for archaeological remains and preserved in a way that benefits future generationsof Alabama residents.Meetings with Baldwin County residents occurred on three occasions; the first with RobertLeslie Smith in Latham on October 21, 2010, and a second meeting for Baldwin and Escambia countyresidents on December 15, 2010, at the Thomas E. McMillan Museum on Jefferson Davis CommunityCollege campus in Brewton (Figure 1-2). Robert Leslie Smith, a 93-year-old long-time resident of northBaldwin County, is very familiar with the local history and has written two books about his experiencesgrowing up in Baldwin County. Mr. Smith knew the routes of old roads prior to paving that first occurredin the 1930s, and he was able to point out several portions of old road bed in the woods adjacent tomodern roads. He was also familiar with several old homes, churches, and cemeteries dating to the OldFederal Road period. On June 24, 2011, we met Claudia Campbell and Robert Slaughter to locate asection of roadbed in the Tensaw and inspect the remarkably preserved remains of Mims’s Ferry atHolley Creek Landing, which Robert showed us from land and water (Figures 1-3 and 1-4)11
Figure 1-2. Robert Leslie Smith at his “North Latham Boat Works,” Baldwin County, October 21, 2010.Figure 1-3. William Slaughter, Claudia Campbell, Robert Slaughter, and Raven Christopher (L-R) at HolleyCreek Landing, Tensaw, Baldwin County, June 21, 2011.12
Page 2 and 3: Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
Page 4 and 5: Chapter 8: Montgomery County ......
Page 6 and 7: 4-1. Alabama county map highlightin
Page 8 and 9: 6-7. Butler County detail of John L
Page 10 and 11: 10-7. Detail of John LaTourette’s
Page 12 and 13: Chapter 1Project Goals and MethodsI
Page 14 and 15: Brief Historical BackgroundThe Old
Page 16 and 17: the road, and surveyed the relevant
Page 19 and 20: shown on historic maps, while many
Page 21: and other troop units to submit rep
Page 25 and 26: Figure 1-5. Jeff Ross, Paul Merritt
Page 27 and 28: Figure 1-7. Annie Crenshaw, Raven C
Page 29 and 30: newly appointed Commissioner of the
Page 31 and 32: various historical sources. Phyllis
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 2Early History of the Old F
Page 35: quality stones, copper and mica fro
Page 38 and 39: would become the southern portion o
Page 40 and 41: Meigs (U.S. agent to the Cherokees)
Page 42 and 43: same instant, and the chance of dis
Page 44 and 45: In his latitude calculations Briggs
Page 46 and 47: force rapid mail service through an
Page 48 and 49: Traveling the Federal Road, 1811-18
Page 50 and 51: According to Hawkins, “Thomas Mer
Page 52 and 53: Moniac’s “Statement of property
Page 54 and 55: Federal Road west of Line Creek are
Page 56 and 57: Figure 2-7. Detail from John Melish
Page 58 and 59: and 1811 have not been found. In 18
Page 60 and 61: 14 Walter Lowrie and Walter S. Fran
Page 62 and 63: 56 Walter Lowrie and Walter S. Fran
Page 64 and 65: Piatt at Fort Stoddert. Piatt was i
Page 66 and 67: Figure 3-4. Detail of Abraham Bradl
Page 68 and 69: Figure 3-7. Detail of William Darby
Page 70 and 71: Figure 3-9. Detail of Fletcher Hale
Page 72 and 73:
He also complained Fort Stoddert di
Page 74 and 75:
command of Capt Skyler. The discipl
Page 76 and 77:
Brett McWilliams, a local artifact
Page 78 and 79:
now in poor condition (Figures 3-14
Page 80 and 81:
Historic Sites in Washington County
Page 82 and 83:
19 Gregory A. Waselkov, A Conquerin
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The Old Federal Road traversed the
Page 86 and 87:
Figure 4-4. Detail of James Weakley
Page 88 and 89:
The condition of the Old Federal Ro
Page 90 and 91:
The Old Federal Road crosses the Ba
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Figure 4-12. A possible remnant of
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Historic Sites in Baldwin CountyFor
Page 96 and 97:
Figure 4-16. View of the old Mims
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and were not accessible for revisit
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Figure 4-18. Military buttons from
Page 102 and 103:
Figure 4-21. Military artifacts fro
Page 104 and 105:
Figure 4-23. Tunstall house on High
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Figure 4-26. U.S. military buttons
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Historic Sites in Escambia CountyTh
Page 110 and 111:
Archives, National Archives and Rec
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earlier survey. Segments of the roa
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Figure 5-5. Detail of John Melish
Page 116 and 117:
Figure 5-8. Detail of John LaTouret
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Figure 5-10. Fletcher Hale’s copy
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Figure 5-13. The Old Federal Road i
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Figure 5-16. Dirt section of Conecu
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Figure 5-19. The Old Federal Road i
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The portion of the Old Federal Road
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McMillan Stage Stop. Scotsman Dunca
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Figure 5-26. Map showing McMillan
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Figure 5-27. Lowrey’s Store, Post
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Dr. Watkins’s House. Dr. John Wat
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Longmire’s Inn/Fort Warren. Sever
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not be investigated archaeologicall
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Figure 5-35. Anderson Stage Stop in
Page 142 and 143:
provisions depot. However, when the
Page 144 and 145:
When spring 1818 brought more murde
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Figure 5-41. William Weakley’s 18
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Figure 5-44. William Barrett Travis
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Henneberry, 1895), 241-242; Robert
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Figure 6-3. James Weakley’s 1847
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Henry Tanner’s 1823 map of Alabam
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The Old Federal Road spans the nort
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Figure 6-13. Entrenched section of
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Figure 6-14. The Palings stage stop
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the county. The landowners granted
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1 John Buckner Little, History of B
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Figure 7-2. Federal Road on Thomas
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John Melish’s 1818 map of Alabama
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Figure 7-8. Fletcher Hale’s map d
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Figure 7-11. Old Federal Road and G
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Figure 7-14. Entrenched section of
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morning salute, then turning our ca
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Chapter 8Montgomery CountyTracing t
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Figure 8-4. Old Federal Road (not l
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Figure 8-7. Detail of John Melish
Page 184 and 185:
Fletcher Hale’s maps depict the o
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A short distance beyond where the G
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Where the Old Federal Road crosses
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modern Alabama place names, Opelika
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stopped “near Macnac’s” to co
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prairies which you have frequently
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Figure 8-21. Topographic map with a
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Figure 8-22. Unit 2 chronologically
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Pickett says she settled on the eas
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contained 84 gravesites dating from
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16 Clarence Edwin Carter, The Terri
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Figure 9-2. Old Federal Road on Jam
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Figure 9-5. Detail of an anonymous
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east onto County Road 2 (Figure 9-9
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Figure 9-12. The Old Federal Road t
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Figure 9-15. Dirt segment of Boromv
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of Little Prince and Opothle Yoholo
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Redsticks, marched from the Chattah
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Figure 9-19. Fletcher Hale’s map
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Warrior’s sons-in-law Captain Wal
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Chapter 10Russell CountyTracing the
Page 226 and 227:
Figure 10-3. Detail of Abraham Brad
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Figure 10-7. Detail of John LaToure
Page 230 and 231:
Figure 10-10. Old Federal Road on p
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Figure 10-13. Section of Old Federa
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Figure 10-16. The Old Federal Road
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Kendall Lewis, son-in-law of Big Wa
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Fort Mitchell, Creek Agency, and An
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A National Cemetery was created at
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6 Benton, The Very Worst Road, 65-6
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The Old Federal Road RouteOur archa
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We have devoted considerable effort
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Our 1723 Chickasaw map offers a gli
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of the old-growth forests and to pl
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Figure 11-6. Detail from David Tait
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As we have seen, most Americans saw
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towns and settled for a time at Pol
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home on the left, the 1902 Hinson h
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parks or educational centers. The m
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Appendix 1Extracts from Benjamin Ha
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E. Bearing east.32 + c. r. 15/ oak
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N.EBearing northeast.36. path to th
Page 268 and 269:
Course and Admeasurement2 pole Chai
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S. 61 E. 17 “N. 83 E. 7 “N. 82
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E. 16 “S. 83 E. 9 “S. 87 E. 8
Page 274 and 275:
N. 34 E. 14 “N. 30 E. 16 “N. 24
Page 276 and 277:
N. 64 E. 9 “N. 40 E. 9 “N. 25 E
Page 278 and 279:
N. 19 E. 5 “N. 44 E. 7 “[page 5
Page 280 and 281:
N. 72 E. 16 “N. 71 E. 10 “N. 79
Page 282 and 283:
N. 77 E. 5 “N. 69 E. 4 “N. 64 E
Page 284 and 285:
N. 36 E. 7 “N. 54 E. 9 “N. 52 E
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[page 97]N. 61˚ E. 7 Chains. The S
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N. 12 E. 7 “N. 32 E. 10 “N. 36
Page 290 and 291:
N. 66˚ E. 4 ChainsN. 28 E. 7 “N.
Page 292 and 293:
XIIIIIII. Prairies or Glades the qu
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N. 27 E. 1 “N. 1 W. 2 “[page 14
Page 296 and 297:
No 9: Joseph Wheaton to Gideon Gran
Page 298 and 299:
Blue Spruce, Duane, and Tanya Thras
Page 300 and 301:
Ethridge, Robbie, Creek Country: Th
Page 302 and 303:
Potter, Stephen R., and Gregory A.
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Archaeological Survey of the Old Federal Road in Alabama

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