TEFI TCA – id. code 3919 Final report INDEX INTRODUCTION I ...

TEFI TCA – id. code 3919on the fate of a country characterized by an economic system in crisisand with well rooted cultural traditions, while, on the other hand, it isperceived as an opportunity for the employment market that cannotfind specialized Italian staff (this is the case in the health service andcomputer sector) or unqualified workers (especially in the buildingtrade and agriculture).Today, to meet the employment needs, a model of migratorycirculation is consolidating for economic reasons, characterized bybrief periods abroad for temporary jobs. In Italy it is mainly theAlbanese and Rumanians (advantaged by the nearness of theircountry of origin) who are employed in jobs of a temporary nature.Alongside the temporary immigration, an increasingly numerouspermanent migratory phenomenon is developing (in 2004 more thana fifth more immigrants settled here compared to 2003). Wholefamilies choose to settle in Italy after a brief stay in which they find ajob and (rarely) a house. They are mainly African immigrants, whorepresent 23.5% of the foreign citizens living in Italy. There countriesof origin are Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria but also Egypt, Senegal,Nigeria and Ghana. However a large number of immigrants comefrom European countries that are not in the European Community andfrom Asia. For some economic sectors, the role of the foreigner hasbecome irreplaceable; an example is that of the home help, wherethey comprise 80% of the total number of people employed.Another aspect that characterizes the foreigners in Italy (in particularthe Africans and Asians) is that of the tendency to internal mobility,that is the frequent moving from one town to another.That which contributes towards to settling in different places are thebetter opportunities of employment and the network of services andFinal report 86