Seadet-i Ebediyye - Endless Bliss Third Fascicle

40 — QADÂ AND QADAR
This pamphlet was written by Abussu’ûd Efendi ‘rahmatullâhi
ta’âlâ ’alaih’. It is explained in the book entitled Asmâ-ul-muallifîn
that his name is not Mahmad, but it is Ahmad. Also, it is written as
Ahmad Abussu’ûd in the book entitled Qâmûs-ul-a’lâm:
Supposing a person deeply learned in Islam follows his nafs and
commits sins day and night and, when others perform amr-i ma’rûf
and advise him, says to them, “Allâhu ta’âlâ destined in eternity
and wrote in Lawh-ul-mahfûz that I would drink alcohol. He,
therefore, makes me commit these sins willy-nilly;” in other words,
he means that man is overcome by qadâ and qadar and that he is
compelled to fulfil the qadar and so is excusable for his sinning,
and if, attempting to prove his excuse through reason and
traditions, he says, “Before creating anything, Allâhu ta’âlâ knew
the things He was going to make. These will definitely come about.
As well, He knew the things which He would not create. So these
will absolutely not come about. Men can never change them.
Whatever Allâhu ta’âlâ communicated in the Qur’ân, which is His
eternal word, will willy-nilly come about. So does Fakhraddîn-i
Râzi say, who is one of our great savants. In the âyat, ‘We said in
eternity that they would not have imân,’ which is in Yâsin Sûra,
and in the âyat, ‘I created him alone, and then gave him a lot of
property, children, which would help him in all his work, and a
high ranking position. Yet he would not be satisfied with these and
asked for more, but I did not increase them. For, he did not believe
in My Qur’ân, in My Prophet; he was obstinate. Later, I will put
him on the mounts of fire called sa’ûd in Hell,’ which is in
Muddaththir Sûra, and in the âyat, ‘May the hands of Abû Lahab
be withered! Then they were withered,’ Allâhu ta’âlâ informs that
a certain person will not have îmân. If such people have îmân, this
causes the divine word to be wrong, which is impossible. Then,
they cannot have îmân. Likewise, He knew that disbelievers would
not have îmân. If they have îmân, divine knowledge must be
wrong. Disbelievers cannot have îmân. This means to say that man
does not have option or will.”
If this sinning learned man, after finishing the words of
Fakhraddîn-i Râzi, says, “When man judges that doing something
is better than not doing it, he does it. This judgment, this
preference of his is not from man. Then, man has to do it. As a
matter of fact, in explaining the âyat, ‘Allâhu ta’âlâ has sealed up
their hearts,’ which is at the beginning of Baqara Sûra,
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