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294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com istoriis falsificireba _ saukuneebis manZilze adamianebi mariam tieliZe imas endobodnen, rasac winaprebi yvebodnen. endobodnen imas, rac iwereboda. endobodnen im adamianebis monayols, romelTa Tavzec konkretulma faqtebma gadaiara. es procesi dResac ase grZelde- ba da ase gagrZledeba manam, sanam kacobrioba iarsebebs. yoveli adamiani endoba mosmenilsa da wakiTxuls. istoria aris is, rac aerTianebs adamianebs, erebsa da tradiciebs. istoriebs akvirdebian da weren mematianeebi. momdevno Taobas ki aqvs „valdebuleba”, mis dawerils endos. ra xdeba maSin, roca adamiani aRmoaCens, rom is dawerili, romelsac kiTxulobs, ar aris realuri? ra xdeba maSin, roca erTi mematianis mier motanili faqtebi cdeba meore mematianis mier daweril istorias? ra xdeba maSin, roca nebismierisTvis aris xelmisawvdomi, daweros da gaavrcelos „istoria?” sityva „istoriis” Semecnebas bevri maSin iwyebs, rodesac is misi moswavleobis periods exeba da erT-erT sagans gulisxmobs. bevri dakavSirebuli terminis ganmartebac amave sagnis farglebSia mocemuli. dRes bevri adamiani skeptikurad aris ganwyobili istoriis mimarT _ qarTvelebidan bevrs ar sjera, rom ramdenimeaTasiani laSqari 5000 qarTvels martivad daemarcxebina. bevri amas ararealurad miiCnevs _ qarTvelis mier dawerilad, romlisTvisac mniSvnelovani iyo, qarTvelis saxeli Taobebs SemorCenoda, rogorc mamaci, Tavdadebuli da aranormalurad mebrZoli, patrioti eri. sapirispiro azrovnebis adamianebic arseboben _ sazogadoeba, romelic iRebs yalbs, ver xedavs „zRaprebs”, ijerebs ararealurs da cdilobs, daijeros is, ris dajerebac mis pirovnebas surs _ mniSvnelovania, informacia morgebuli iyos erovnul Rirebulebebze. adamianebi, romlebic „Tavs ityueben”, ase Tu ise, Tavad xdebian xolme istoriebis avtorebi. avtorebi, romlebsac endobian da avtorebi, romlebic kamaTis, kritikisa da profesiuli dapirispirebebis mizezebi xdebian. miuxedavad gansxvavebuli ganaTlebisa, profesiisa da saqmianobisa, bevri gamoTqvams xolme survils, gaxdes dawerili istoriis nawili _ avtori imisa, rac yovelTvis iarsebebs. gamiznulad Tu Sesabamisi codnisa da gamocdilebis ararsebobis gamo, sazogadoeba iRebs cru, araswor an damaxinjebul informaciebs. calke sakiTxia, ramdenad aris SesaZlebeli, moxdes msgavsi SemTxvevebis monitoringi. sabolood, es aris „istoriis falsificireba”. „ucxo sityvaTa leqsikonis” ganmartebiT, istoria gaxlavT: • kacobriobis mier ganvlili gza, adamianTa sazogadoebis warsuli cxovreba; ama Tu im qveynis (mxaris, xalxisa da sxv.) warsuli cxovreba; • risame ganviTarebis procesi; • mecniereba, romelic swavlobs adamianTa sazogadoebis ganviTarebas; • mecniereba, romelic swavlobs bunebis, kulturis, codnis romelime dargis Tanamimdevrul ganviTarebas. mag., musikis istoria; 26 `sityva `istoriis~ Semecnebas bevri maSin iwyebs, rodesac is misi moswavleobis periods exeba da erT-erT sagans gulisxmobs. bevri dakavSirebuli terminis ganmartebac amave sagnis farglebSia mocemuli. dRes bevri adamiani skeptikurad aris ganwyobili istoriis mimarT - qarTvelebidan bevrs ar sjera, rom ramdenimeaTasiani laSqari 5000 qarTvels martivad daemarcxebina. bevri amas ararealurad miiCnevs - qarTvelis mier dawerilad, romlisTvisac mniSvnelovani iyo, qarTvelis saxeli Taobebs SemorCenoda, rogorc mamaci, Tavdadebuli da aranormalurad mebrZoli, patrioti eri~ • ramesTan an vinmesTan dakav- Sirebuli ambebisa da faqtebis er- Toblioba; visime Tavgadasavali. zemoxsenebul sakiTxebsa da problemebze „qronika+”-is Se- kiTxvebs pasuxobs istorikosi, istoriis mecnierebaTa doqtori, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis profesori, miSa baxtaZe: _ ras niSnavs „istoriis falsificireba”? _ „istoriis falsificireba” niSnavs, rodesac igoneben faqtebs, romelic arasdros arsebula, ar arsebobs an am konkretul faqtebs erTmaneTs arasworad ukavSireben da akeTeben maT araswor interpretaciebs _ weren imas, rac, realurad, ar iyo. yvelaze metad aris Sem- Txvevebi, rodesac ararealur faqtebs moitanen, gaavrceleben xolme da Semdeg zustad am faqtebs eyrdnobian da msjeloben maT irgvliv. „gamyalbeblebs” rom hkiTxon, Tu saidan aqvT maT es konkretuli informaciebi, aravin icis, ras upasuxeben. SeiZleba, garkveul cnobebs iReben, magram maT amaxinjeben, rac ar awyobT, saerTod iReben _ toveben mxolod maTTvis saWirosa da sasargeblos. es procesebi tendenciuria. xSir SemTxvevaSi, es xdeba imtom, rom saqme gvaqvs araprofesionalizmTan. bevrs hgonia, rom istoriis wera martiv procesebTan aris dakav- Sirebuli _ miiCneven, rom waikiTxaven or-sam wigns da, fantaziis CarTulobiT, Seqmnian istoriis furclebs. es ase ar aris. rogorc vTqvi, erTi mizezi gaxlavT araprofesionalizmi; meore mizani gaxlavT is, rom arcTu ise xSirad „istoriis falsificirebis” procesi mizanmimarTuli gaxlavT. _ saqarTvelos istoriis Sem- TxvevaSi ra ZiriTadi mizezebiT xdeboda „istoriis falsificireba”? _ rTulia am mizezebsa da miznebze saubari. albaT, SeuZlebelic kia, daasaxelo konkretuli mizezebi. gaaCnia, romel sazogadoebasa da dokumentebs vgulisxmobT _ imas, rasac qarTveli avtorebi weren, Tu rasac ucxo erovnebis warmomadgenlebi weren. qarTveli istorikosebis SemTxvevaSi, Ziri- Tadad, saqme gvaqvs araprofesionalizmTan. me mecnierebs ar vexebi. aq saubaria imaze, kidev erTxel aRvniSnav, rom istoriis wera daiwyo yvelam _ miuxedavad am konkretuli adamianebis saqmianobisa, ganaTlebisa da profesiisa. uamravi raRac ibeWdeba _ xSirad fantastikuri masalebic ki. vxvdebiT publikaciebs, satelevizio gadacemebsa da a. S. es aris absoluturi araprofesionalizmi. bevr avtors, ubralod, unda, rom es ase iyos da amitomac ijereben, rom es marTlac ase iyo. bevr rames igoneben. meore momentia, rodesac, vTqvaT, akeTeben faqtebis araswor interpretaciebs. wignebSi, romlebic ibeWdeba mezobel an Soreul saxelmwifoSi, aris garkveuli „istoriis gayalbebebi” im mimarTulebiT, rom mkiTxvels aZleven araswor cnobebs, igive, warmomavlobis Sesaxeb; ama Tu im teritoriaze cxovrebis Sesaxeb; ama Tu im teritoriis saxelwodebis Sesaxeb da a. S. aseT SemTxveveb- Si TvalnaTelia tendenciuroba da ara araprofesionalizmi. konkretuli avtori sakuTari poziciidan wers da ar surs, rom aRweros realoba, radgan igi ar Seesabameba im koncefcias, romelic mas aqvs. _ saqarTvelos istoriis ma- galiTze Tu aris gamokveTili raime konkretuli periodi, rodesac TvalSi sacemia „istoriis falsificirebis” tendencia? _ ilia WavWavaZem rom dawera, Tavis droze, „qvaTa RaRadi”, swored imitom dawera, rom ukve me-19 saukunis meore naxevarSi arasworad vrceldeboda saqarTvelos istoriuli faqtebs. SegviZlia, Sesabamisi periodis aTvla aqedanac ki daviwyoT _ rodesac iwyeba mecnieruli kvleva saqarTvelosa da samxreT kavkasiisa, aq ukve Cndeba es tendenciebi. ilias publikaciuri werili, „qvaTa RaRadi”, swored amitom daiwera. es tendencia saqarTvelos istoriis yvela periods exeba. yovelTvis SegviZlia movZebnoT msgavsi nabijebis mcdelobebi. rTulia zRvaris gavleba epoqis TvalsazrisiT. sityva „gayalbeba” rom ar vixmaro, vityvi, rom faqtebi arasworad aris warmodgenili _ gviCveneben ise, rogorc realobaSi ar yofila. zogjer amas akeTeben Semdegi mizeziT: SesaZloa, konkretuli publikaciis avtors „keTili” ganzraxva hqondes; surdes, masTan daaxloebuli garemoebebi da faqtebi kargad warmoaCinos, magram saqarTvelos didi da xangrZlivi istoria aqvs. qalbatonma mariam lorTqifaniZem Tqva, rom Cven imdenad didi istoria gvaqvs, mas ar sWirdeba Selamazeba; ar sWirdeba xelovnurad gamogoneba, rom kacobriobis centri saqarTveloSia da yvelaferi masze gadis. mesmis, maTi survili aris, rom ganadidon sakuTari qveyana, magram es imdenad xelovnuri da ararealuri xdeba xolme, rom, xSirad, sasaciloc kia _ nebismieri adamiani, vinc mas waikiTxavs, imedi gaucruvdeba da dainaxavs, rom „zRaprebi” iwereba. _ es masalebi, bunebrivia, gamocemebSi ibeWdeba, romelTac redaqtorebi hyavs. Tu xdeba raime saxis monitoringi im masa- lebze, rasac konkretuli gamo- cemebi beWdavs? _ dRes ar arsebobs aranairi samecniero redaqtireba im publikaciebisa, romelic qveyndeba. es imitom, rom avtors SeuZlia, dabeWdos yvelaferi _ aqvs Sesabamisi finansuri SesaZlebloba, miitans gamomcemlobaSi da gamoscems. gamomcemloba pasuxs ar agebs imaze, Tu ra weria iq. valdebuleba, rom Sinaarsi jer mecnierma unda waikiTxos, ar arsebobs. sabWoTa periodSi, cxadia, yvelaferi centralizebuli iyo da imas ver dabeWdavdi, rasac moisurvebdi. masala gadioda recenzirebas, sWirdeboda daskvna da bevri etapi iyo gasavleli. samecniero JurnalebSi dResac asea. nebismier samecniero Jurnal- Si rom miitano sakuTari masala gamosaqveyneblad, moiTxoven, rom 26 N27 (248) 14.08-4.09.2018 w.
N27 (248) 14.08-4.09.2018 w. 294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com warsulis gayalbeba `TviT ivane javaxiSvilis cnobili naSromic ki "saqarTvelosa da ruseTis urTierToba me-18 saukuneSi", faqtobrivad, akrZaluli iyo. ase rom, xsenebul sakiTxze realuri wera ar SeiZleboda - es xdeboda politikuri mosazrebebidan gamomdinare. dRes ukve SesaZlebelia am urTierTobebze saubari da ukve araerTi naSromi arsebobs, sadac gaSuqebulia is faqtebi da is realobebi, romelic am urTierTobebSi arsebobda, miCqmaluli iyo da ar gaxldaT naCvenebi. bunebrivia, ar iyo naCvenebi imitom, rom orive qveyana unda warmoCeniliyo imisgan gansxvavebuli, rogoric is iyo. ruseTi unda warmoCeniliyo dadebiTad. arsebobda Teoria, rom "ruseTTan SeerTeba iyo mcire boroteba" - boroteba, magram mcire imasTan SedarebiT, rac Cven mogveloda. faqtebis garkveuli nawili, ubralod, ar iyo sazogadoebisTvis cnobili - ar ambobdnen, raTa is koncefcia, romelic SemuSavda, darCeniliyo. magaliTad, 1921 wels saqarTveloSi sabWoTa kavSiris xelisuflebis damyareba iyo bedniereba - 70 wlis manZilze ase gvaswavlidnen. sawinaaRmdegos wera ar SeiZleboda - amas politikuri reJimi aranairad dauSvebda~ datovo. mas axlavs recenziac da Tu saTanado dones ar Seesabameba, ar beWdaven. magram, gamomdinare iqidan, rom kerZo pirs SeuZlia, rac surs is daweros da dabeWdos, amis kontroli ar xdeba. erTader- Ti is kontroldeba, rom iyos samecniero recenzireba, anu viRac adamianma dawera da amas upasuxo, raTa sazogadoebam gaigos, rom is arasworia. aqac arsebobs erTi problema _ bevri imdenad fantastikur raRacebs wers, rom amis mecnieruli kritikisTvis masze orjer meti unda dawero da msgavsi nabijebi bevr sirTulesTan asocirdeba. warmoidgineT, didxans nafiqr, SeTxzul publikaciebze unda wero da amtkico misi absurduloba. ra Tqma unda, es rTuli momentia. rTulia kontroli. mniSvnelovania, rom TviTon sazogadoebis ganaTlebis, codnis donem aiwios. is unda xvdebodes, ra aris absurdi da sisulele. wignebs aRaravin daeZebs. arsebobs araerTi satelevizio gadacema, sadac mezRapreebi mohyavT da isini zRaprebs hyvebian. rodesac am informaciebs adamiani televiziiT iRebs, rTulia, mas auxsna, rom rasac televiziiT ismens, sruliad absurdia. rTulia imitom, rom am adamianebs mainc aqvT ndoba imisa, rom vinc televiziiT saubrobs, is seriozulia da aucileblad _ sando. usmenen, ismenen logikur saubrebs. es yvelaferi keTdeba imitom, rom realur istoriaze ukeT aucileblad gaiyideba raRac mogonili, sensaciuri da SeTxzuli. _ saqarTvelos istoriis Sesaxeb araerTi erovnebis warmomad- genels uweria. warsulSi rom ga- davinacvloT, rogori iyo xolme maTi poziciebi faqtebTan dakav- SirebiT? _ ucxoelebi weren saqarTvelos istoriaze da Zalian bevri wers imaze ukeT, vidre qarTveli istorikosi dawerda. araerTi wers obieqturad. araerT SemTxvevaSi xdeba is, rom ucxo qveynis warmomadgeneli faqtebis sxvanair interpretacias axdens, raRacebs ugulebelyofs da warmoaCens mas ise, rogorc surs. amaze xdeba reagireba imitom, rom is aris samecniero naSromi, masze yovelTvis iwereboda recenziebi da dResac iwereba, rom sadRac aseTi wigni gamovida da masSi esa da es Secdomebia daSvebuli. promleba aris is, rom Cven vwerT qarTul enaze da vwerT Sida moxmarebisTvis. es rom davweroT ucxo enaze da saer- TaSoriso moxmarebisTvis gavitanoT, amas finansuri xelSewyoba dasWirdeba. es, ra Tqma unda, problemaa. amas sWirdeba saxelmwifoebrivi midgoma. istorikosma ki Sei- Zleba daweros recenzia romelime konkretul qveyanaSi gamosul wignze, magram Semdeg amas sWirdeba Targmna da sazogadoebaSi gavrceleba. mecnierebs, samwuxarod, ZiriTadad, ar aqvT amis saSualeba. am mxriv Sesabamisi uwyebebi unda iyos mondomebuli, raTa im araswor informaciebs, rac iwereba da ibeWdeba saqarTvelos warsulis Sesaxeb, adekvaturi pasuxebi gaeces. da es xdebodes ara qarTul enaze da saqarTveloSi, aramed im enaze da im qveyanaSi, sadac es publikacia gamoqveynda. _ TviTon qarTvel istorikosebs Tu aqvT xolme „ambiciebi”, rom araswori informaciebis gam- avrceleblebs daupirispirdnen? _ kamaTs yovelTvis aqvs azri, igive saerTaSoriso konferenciebis farglebSi da asec xdeba. vimeoreb: recenziebic aqtiurad iwereba im wignebze, romlebic unda gamovides. cxadia, im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki am informaciebma Cvenamde moaRwia. zogjer, bunebrivia, aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac sadme raRac iwereba, magram Cven amis Sesaxeb informacias ar vflobT. ki batono, zemoxsenebul arasasiamovno faqtebze xdeba reagireba im SesaZleblobebis farglebSi, rac qarTvel istorikosebs gvaqvs. _ sazogadoebis mimarT ra gav- lenazea orientirebuli „istoriis falsificireba”? _ Tu Cven vgulisxmobT ucxoel mecnierebs, vityvi, rom maT aqvT sakuTari koncefcia da isini am koncefciebis farglebSi moqmedeben. aq adgili aqvs samecniero kamaTs da naklebad aris saubari imaze, rom viRacis damcirebas an konkretuli faqtebis gaufasurebas cdiloben. amaze xdeba reagireba da Sesabamis konferenciebze afiSireba. es ar niSnavs, rom konkretuli avtorebi poziciebs cvlian. ubralod, sazogadoebas miewodeba meore mosazrebac, rom am pirovnebam ki dawera konkretuli xedviT, magram arsebobs meore mosazrebac, rom raRac mocemuloba iyo sxvanairad. amis Semdeg, Tvi- Ton sazogadoeba airCevs, romeli informacia aris misTvis sarwmuno. _ Sesabamis WrilSi saqarTve- lo-ruseTis xangrZliv saerTo istoriaze ras gvetyviT? _ saqarTvelo-ruseTis istoriaSi problema is iyo, rom sabWoTa periodSi arsebuli istoriis pirdapiri aRwera ar SeiZleboda. gasagebia, rom politikuri mosazrebebis gamo. TviT ivane javaxiSvilis cnobili naSromic ki „saqarTvelosa da ruseTis urTierToba me-18 saukuneSi”, faqtobrivad, akrZaluli iyo. ase rom, xsenebul sakiTxze realuri wera ar SeiZleboda _ es xdeboda politikuri mosazrebebidan gamomdinare. dRes ukve SesaZlebelia am urTierTobebze saubari da ukve araerTi naSromi arsebobs, sadac gaSuqebulia is faqtebi da is realobebi, romelic am urTierTobebSi arsebobda, miCqmaluli iyo da ar gaxldaT naCvenebi. bunebrivia, ar iyo naCvenebi imitom, rom orive qveyana unda warmoCeniliyo imisgan gansxvavebuli, rogoric is iyo. ruseTi unda warmoCeniliyo dadebiTad. arsebobda Teoria, rom „ruseTTan SeerTeba iyo mcire boroteba” _ boroteba, magram mcire imasTan SedarebiT, rac Cven mogveloda. faqtebis garkveuli nawili, ubralod, ar iyo sazogadoebisTvis cnobili _ ar ambobdnen, raTa is koncefcia, romelic SemuSavda, darCeniliyo. magaliTad, 1921 wels saqarTveloSi sabWoTa kav- Siris xelisuflebis damyareba iyo bedniereba _ 70 wlis manZilze ase gvaswavlidnen. sawinaaRmdegos wera ar SeiZleboda _ amas politikuri reJimi aranairad dauSvebda. dResdReobiT ukve msgavsi problemebi aRar arsebobs da bolo 20-25 welia, iwereba gacilebiT kargi, namdvili istoria _ is ambebi, rac realurad arsebobda. vimeoreb: saqarTvelo-ruseTis urTierTobebi ganixileboda politikuri mosazrebebis WrilSi _ ver vsaubrobdiT da ver vwerdiT ise, rogorc saWiro iyo. universitetis erT-erTma profesorma sadisertacio naSromi rom daicva, saTaurSi ewera: „saqarTvelo-ruseTis urTierToba” da SeniSvna misces, rom unda wereboda Semdegnairad: „ruseT-saqarTvelos ur- `SesaZloa, konkretuli publikaciis avtors "keTili" ganzraxva hqondes; surdes, masTan daaxloebuli garemoebebi da faqtebi kargad warmoaCinos, magram saqarTvelos didi da xangrZlivi istoria aqvs. qalbatonma mariam lorTqifaniZem Tqva, rom Cven imdenad didi istoria gvaqvs, mas ar sWirdeba Selamazeba; ar sWirdeba xelovnurad gamogoneba, rom kacobriobis centri saqarTveloSia da yvelaferi masze gadis. mesmis, maTi survili aris, rom ganadidon sakuTari qveyana, magram es imdenad xelovnuri da ararealuri xdeba xolme, rom, xSirad, sasaciloc kia - nebismieri adamiani, vinc mas waikiTxavs, imedi gaucruvdeba da dainaxavs, rom "zRaprebi" iwereba~ TierToba”. ase rom, cxadia, im periodSi SeuZlebeli iyo realobis aRwera. _ ramdenad sandoa saqarTve- los is istoria, romelic dRes iwereba? _ zogadad, istoria gacilebiT rTuli mecnierebaa gamomdinare iqidan, rom is exeba kacobriobis warsuls. Cven istoria viciT im saxiTac, ra saxiTac is wyaroebma Semogvinaxa. Teoriulad, SeiZleba davuSvaT, rom is iseTi ar iyo, rogorc dRes Cven warmogvidgenia, magram msoflioSia ase, rom Cven vwerT im wyaroebis mixedviT, rac Cven gvaqvs _ kritikuli analizisa da arsebuli masalebis safuZvelze. met-naklebad, iwereba is, rasac dRes mecnierebi weren (ar vgulisxmob moyvarulebs), ase Tu ise, yvela informacia realuria. bunebrivia, azrTa sxvadasxvaobebi yvela sakiTxis irgvliv arsebobs. kacobrioba, TavisTavad, ar aris erTgvarovani. sxvadasxva poziciis arseboba da urTierTkamaTi istoriisTvis bunebrivi faqtoria. aq saubaria imaze, rom avtorma ar unda moigonos raRacebi. rac weria, is unda gaanalizdes _ Tu is mas uaryofs, unda uaryos argumentirebulad, Tumca es sando informacia mcirea im „zRva” masala- Si, romelic sazogadoebas miewodeba. amis gamo is ikargeba. ra aris istoria? • warsuli epoqa; • arsebuli adamianebi; • arsebuli mocemulobebi; • warsuli tradiciebi; • winapiroba awmyosTvis. ra moxdeba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu nebismieri msurveli „istoriis falsificirebas” Seecdeba? • epoqa aRar iqneba saintereso; • daikargebian adamianebi; • warsuli mocemulobebi aRar iqneba sando; • eWvqveS dadgeba arsebuli tradiciebi; • daikargeba awmyo da safrTxe Seeqmneba momavals. qarTveli istorikosis, vaxtang gurulis SefasebiT: „saqarTvelos istoriis gayalbebiT dRes veravis gaakvirveb. istorias ayalbebs yvela: profesionali da moyvaruli, mcodne da sruliad umecari. metwilad istoria yalbdeba romelime politikuri Zalis dakveTiT, xanac _ dakveTis gareSe. mavansa da mavans uCndeba Sinagani miswrafeba, waivarjiSos romelime erisa da saxelmwifos istoriaSi, Tavisi „aRmoCenebiT” miipyros sazogadoebis yuradReba. sabolood, aseTi kalmosnebi, nebsiT Tu uneblieT, mainc romelime politikuri Zalis wisqvilze asxamen wyals da istoriis gayalbebis saZrax saqmes emsaxurebian”. ase Tu ise, profesionalebi da moyvarulebi nebismier sferoSi arsebobdnen, arseboben da aucileblad iarsebeben. maSin, roca saqme warsuls exeba, sasicocxlod mniSvnelovania, am warsulis garSemo arsebobdnen adamianebi, romlebsac aqvT gamocdileba; romelTac aqvT unari da resursi, gamoikvlion, Seadaron, gaaanalizon, Seajamon da waradginon sazogadoebis winaSe. gvaswavlidnen da dResac aswavlian, rom mematiane hqvia adamians, romelic aRwers warsuls. rodesac mematiane gqvia da gaqvs es statusi, ar unda dauSva, rom adamianebs imedebi gaucruo. sazogadoeba yvelaze naTlad xedavs crusa da gamogonils. im Sem- TxvevaSi, Tuki is erTxel SeamCnevs cdomilebas, dakargavs ndobas. dakargavs ndobas da safrTxe Seeqmneba momavals. 27
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Page 13 and 14: gazrdebis brali sul ar iyo. da vfiq
Page 17 and 18: `aseTi kadri sariskoc aris, aman Se
Page 19 and 20: danergvaze, rom Cven globalur ekono
Page 21 and 22: mariam tieliZe ara mxolod saqarTvel
Page 23 and 24: ana uruSaZe konkretuli saxelmZRvane
Page 25: 294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com
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